Objective To investigate the effects of decoction, ethanol extract, and formulated granules of different processed products of Polygonum multiflorum in conventional doses on kidney injury, renal cell apoptosis and expression of related protein in SD rats. Methods Half male and half female SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups according to their body weight:normal control group, traditional water extract of raw Polygonum multiflorum group(SW group),traditional water extract of prepared Polygonum multiflorum group(ZW group), 70% alcohol extract of raw Polygonum multiflorum group(SA group),70% alcohol extract of prepared Polygonum multiflorum group(ZA group), raw Polygonum multiflorum granules without water decocting extraction group(SK group)and prepared Polygonum multiflorum granules without water decocting extraction group(ZK group). Among them,the rats in the normal group were intragastrically given distilled water,and the other groups were treated with the corresponding drug liquids[6 g/(kg·d)of crude drug]for consecutive 30 days. At the end of the experiment,changes in the levels of blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine(Crea), uric acid(UA)and β2-microglobulin(β2-MG)were measured by a semiautomatic biochemical analyzer. In addition,the histopathological changes of kidney tissues were examined,renal cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay, and the expression of Bcl-2 and BAX was determined by immunohistochemical analysis. Results Compared with the normal control group,the levels of BUN in each drug administration group were significantly lower(P<0.05,P < 0.01). The levels of Crea, UA, and β2-MG in each drug administration group all showed an increasing tendency compared with the normal control group, especially, the level of β2-MG in the ZA group was significantly increased(P< 0.05). The result of TUNEL assay showed that the average optical density in each drug administration group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group(P< 0.01). In addition,the expression level of BAX in the SA group was significantly increased(P < 0.01), but expression of Bcl-2 showed no significant difference among the groups(P> 0.05). Conclusions Our findings indicate that the long-term administration of Polygonum multiflorum with a daily dose of 6 g/kg of crude drug can cause some damages to the kidneys, and the degrees of kidney injuries are ranked as alcohol extract > formulated granules > water extract. We would suggest that for patients with impaired renal fuction,Polygonum multiflorum should be used with caution, and do not used for patients with severely impaired renal function. For people long-term using Polygonum multiflorum for health care purposes, it is recommended only to use its water extract,and to control renal function,especially,β2-microglobulin,at regular intervals,to avoid irreversible kidney injury.

Objective: The growing body of literature showed a link between uric acid and pulmonary hypertension (PH), but the impact of hyperuremia on outcome of patients with PH has not been well defined. Therefore, the present study was performed to analyze the impact of uric acid on outcome of PH patients. Methods: One hundred seventy-three PH patients (112 females, mean age 38 years old), who were hospitalized in our department between January 2010 and December 2015, were included in our study, the PH diagnosis was made based on right heart catheterization examination result (mean pulmonary artery pressure≥25 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)). PH patients were divided into mild to moderate PH group (Rp/Rs≤0.6, n=97) and severe PH group (Rp/Rs>0.6, n=76). Fifty-one patients (33 females, mean age 45 years old) without PH based on right heart catheterization were included as control subjects. All participants were followed up for a median of 24 months(6-71 months). Clinical endpoints were defined as cardiogenic death or heart-and-lung transplantation. Results: Uric acid was positively correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance(r=0.398, P<0.01), systemic vascular resistance(r=0.244, P<0.01) and mean right atrial pressure (r=0.26, P<0.01), and was negatively correlated with cardiac index(r=-0.278, P<0.01)and mixed venous oxygen saturation (r=-0.322, P<0.01)in PH patients. Serum uric acid level was significantly higher in patients with severe PH than in patients with mild-to-moderate PH and the control subjects (both P<0.05). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), 425.5 μmol/L was found to be the best cut-off value of serum uric acid level to predict the outcome of PH patients (sensitivity 50%, specificity 72%). During follow-up, patients with higher level of uric acid (>425.5 μmol/L) were linked with poorer clinical outcome compared to patients with uric acid <425.5 μmol/L(P=0.027). Conclusion Our findings suggests that uric acid is associated with the severity of PH and higher uric acid level serves as an important predictor for poor clinical outcome of PH patients.

Objective : To screen the mRNA core genes of naringin in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) by bioinformatics analysis , and to verify the predictive effect of mRNA core genes on CRC by survival analysis. Methods: The HCT116 cells of CRC were treated with DMSO solvent and naringin for 48 h and then RNA sequencing was conducted. The sequencing results were preprocessed and their differentially expressed genes were analyzed. The key lncRNAs were screened from differentially expressed genes , and the corresponding lncRNA⁃miRNA⁃mRNA regulatory network was established. With gene ontology (GO) analysis , Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Protein⁃Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis , the core mRNAs were obtained and verified by survival analysis method. Results : Ultimately , 197 differentially expressed lncRNAs , 128 differentially expressed miRNAs and 1 938 differentially expressed mRNAs were screened. Based on lncRNA⁃miRNA⁃mRNA regulatory network , 5 key lncRNAs and 117 key mRNAs were screened. The results of GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed that they were mainly enriched in the functions and pathways closely related to CRC. In the end , 6 mRNA core genes were obtained by PPI network analysis , and 3 core mRNAs (FOS , CCND2 , MXD1) were gained by survival analysis , which closely resembled CRC. Conclusion The molecular mechanism of naringin in the treatment of CRC is analyzed by means of bioinformatics , 3 core mRNAs with significant differences are screened out and they all have an important impact on the prognoses of patients , and the study will provide new ideas for the diagnosis , treatment and prognosis of CRC.

Objective:To explore effects of different flow rates and temperature settings of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) on patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) accompanied by type I respiratory failure.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 92 patients with mild to moderate CAP accompanied by type I respiratory failure who were admitted and received HFNC in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital in Tianjin were selected as the research objects from December 2019 to December 2020. They were randomly divided into 4 groups, including low temperature and low flow rate group (31 ℃, 30 L/min) , low temperature and high flow rate group (31℃, 50 L/min) , high temperature and low flow rate group (34℃, 30 L/min) , high temperature and high flow rate group (34 ℃, 50 L/min) , with 23 cases in every group. Two-factor factorial analysis of variance was used to compare effects of different flow rates and temperature settings of HFNC on the comfort, oxygenation index, respiratory rate and heart rate of patients with mild to moderate CAP.Results:The comfort level of patients in the low flow rate group (30 L/min) was higher than that of the high flow rate group (50 L/min) , and the comfort level of patients in the low temperature group (31 ℃) was higher than that of the high temperature group (34 ℃) . The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . The oxygenation index of patients in the high flow rate group (50 L/min) was higher than that of the low flow rate group (30 L/min) , and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01) . Different flow rates and temperatures of HFNC have no interaction effect on the comfort, oxygenation index and heart rate of patients ( P>0.05) , but they have an interaction effects on respiratory rate ( P<0.01) . Individual effect analysis showed that the respiratory rate of patients in the low temperature and high flow rate group (31 ℃, 50 L/min) was lower than that of the high temperature and high flow rate group (34 ℃, 50 L/min) and the low temperature and low flow rate group (31 ℃, 30 L/min) , and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:For patients with mild to moderate CAP accompanied by type I respiratory failure, the application of HFNC should start with low temperature and low flow rate parameter settings. Under the condition of ensuring the patient's comfort, the overall effect of flow rate and temperature is integrated and the inhalation flow rate of HFNC is appropriately increased, which can increase the clinical effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy.