1.Investigation of determination of 2, 5-acetyl butyryl in blood and biological limit value for occupational exposure to -hexane.
Ridong CAI ; Linghui LIU ; Suying GU ; Qianhuai XIE ; Fei TANG
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2014;32(6):460-461
Hexanes
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Hexanones
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blood
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Humans
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Occupational Exposure
2.Progress on the mechanism of n-hexane induced toxic effects in vitro and in vivo.
Lian Jing ZHANG ; Wen Ting FENG ; Jian Jun LIU
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2023;41(5):388-396
Hexane is a widely used organic solvent in industry, and chronic hexane poisoning is the main occupational toxic lesion in China. In particular, axonal and myelin lesions in the distal thick fibers of the peripheral nervous system may be caused by 2, 5-hexanedione (2, 5-HD), an intermediate metabolite of n-hexane in humans. Hexane has toxic effects not only on the nervous system but also on the liver, kidneys, and reproductive organs. In this paper, we review the progress of research on the mechanism of n-hexane toxic neuropathy.
Humans
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Hexanes/toxicity*
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Hexanones
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Industry
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Solvents
3.Analysis of volatile organic components of organic solvents used in Bao'an District of Shenzhen.
Li Hua WANG ; Zhi Liang ZHU ; Zhi Teng DAI ; Jing FENG ; Shao Fan WENG
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2022;40(11):867-871
Objective: To understand the volatile organic components in the organic solvents used by enterprises in Baoan District, Shenzhen. Methods: From January to December 2020, a total of 541 organic solvent samples used by 86 companies were collected for volatile organic component analysis, and the main volatile components and high-risk occupational hazards in organic solvents used in different industries were analyzed. Results: A total of 201 volatile organic components were detected in 541 organic solvents. The top 5 components detected include xylene (29.76%, 116/541), toluene (21.81%, 118/541), methanol (20.70%, 112/541), n-hexane (14.79%, 80/541) and ethylbenzene (14.23%, 77/541). The detection rates of benzene, trichloroethylene, n-hexane, and 1, 2-dichloroethane, which were high-risk occupational hazards, were 2.40% (13/541), 3.70% (20/541), 14.79% (80/541), and 1.66% (9/541), respectively. The volatile components in organic solvents used in different industries was different. Benzene is more frequently detected in organic solvents used in the printing industry, trichloroethylene was more frequently detected in organic solvents used in the electronics industry, and n-hexane was more commonly found in organic solvents used in the electronics industry, printing and other industries, and 1, 2-dichloroethane has been more frequently detected in organic solvents used in the machinery industry. Conclusion: There are many types of organic solvents used by enterprises in Bao'an District, with complex components and differences in different industries.
Benzene/analysis*
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Hexanes
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Solvents
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Industry
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Trichloroethylene
4.Investigation on occupational norma hexane poisoning accident in population.
Zu-ying HU ; Jian-yong CHEN ; Ning-xiang ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2006;24(7):447-447
Accidents, Occupational
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Adolescent
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Adult
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Female
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Hexanes
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poisoning
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Humans
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Male
6.Focus on occupational disease monitoring results analysis of Bao'an district, Shenzhen in 2011 to 2012.
Su-li ZHANG ; Zhi-liang ZHU ; Xin-tian YU ; Jian-ping YANG
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2013;31(7):513-514
China
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epidemiology
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Hexanes
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toxicity
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Humans
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Occupational Diseases
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epidemiology
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Trichloroethylene
;
toxicity
8.Extractible properties of PDLLA under different extraction conditions.
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2003;20(2):308-310
This assay was made to investigate the extractible properties of PDLLA under different extraction conditions. The ratio of test sample to extraction medium was 0.2 g to 1 ml. The distilled water, artificial saliva, Eagle's MEM and hexane were selected respectively as the extraction medium. The samples were extracted under 37 degrees C 24 h, 72 h, 1 w, 2 w and 3 w; 50 degrees C 72 h; 70 degrees C 24 h and 72 h; 121 degrees C 1 h. By use of gas chromatography, the ethyl alcohol, xylene and ethyl acetate content were measured. The results showed the ethyl alcohol content < 1.998 ug/ml, xylene contents was < 53.39 ug/ml and ethyl acetate content < 3.647 ug/m of PDLLA in distilled water, artificial saliva and Eagle's MEM under the condition of 37 degrees C from 24 h to 3 w. The ethyl alcohol content and xylene content in hexane were higher than those in the other three aqueous solutions. When the extracted temperature was increased, the contents of above three components were kept at the original level. There was almost no difference in the extractible properties of PDLLA among distilled water, artificial saliva and Eagle's MEM. The results did not change even if the extraction time and temperature were increased. It is a new concept to evaluate the safety of biomaterials by combining chemical and biological extraction tests, which will be significance in narrowing the gap between physical-chemical tests and biological tests for medical devices.
Biocompatible Materials
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chemistry
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Hexanes
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Lactic Acid
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chemistry
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Polyesters
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Polymers
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chemistry
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Saliva, Artificial
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Solubility
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Solutions
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Water
9.Effects of garlic oil on n-hexane metabolized to 2, 5-hexanedione in mice serum.
Xu-cong GAO ; Hong-yin YIN ; Cui-li ZHANG ; Zhen-ping ZHU ; Li-hua YU ; Ke-qin XIE
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2009;27(5):262-265
OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of garlic oil (GO) on n-hexane metabolized to 2, 5-hexanedione (2, 5-HD) in mice.
METHODSAdult healthy Kunming-mice were treated with n-hexane and GO. The serum was obtained and extracted with ethyl acetate, and the levels of the serum 2, 5-HD were determined by gas chromatography.
RESULTS(1) The concentration of 2, 5-HD in serum increased firstly after a single exposure to n-hexane (4 000 mg/kg). The peak value occurred at 10 hours after n-hexane treatment, but could hardly be detected at 20 h. (2) There was no 2, 5-HD in serum of control mice. The content of 2, 5-HD in serum increased along with the exposure dose of n-hexane. The serum 2, 5-HD contents of the 2000, 4000 and 6000 mg/kg groups mice were 8.04, 16.68 and 22.38 microg/ml at 8 h in pretreated mice, respectively, and showed significant dose-effect relationship. (3) When the different age mice were exposed to the same dose of n-hexane, the contents of 2, 5-HD in serum were significantly different after 8 hours (P<0.05). The serum 2, 5-HD level of the 5 weeks old mice (22.83 microg/ml) was much higher than the 4 (19.59 microg/ml) and 6 (16.42 microg/ml) weeks old mice. (4) When the different gender mice were exposed to the same dose of n-hexane, the concentration of 2, 5-HD in serum of female mice (13.22 microg/ml) was higher than that of the female mice (10.34 microg/ml, P<0.05). (5) GO significantly inhibited the increase of the serum 2, 5-HD levels of both the pretreatment and post-treatment groups treated with 80 mg/kg n-hexane respectively, but the pretreatment with GO exhibited the more suppressive effects than the post-treatment (P>0.05). Compared with the n-hexane group, the concentrations of serum 2, 5-HD in GO-pretreated groups mice decreased by 16.2%, 20.8%, 22.8% (P<0.05) and 32.1% (P<0.01), respectively, and showed significant dose-effect relationship.
CONCLUSIONThe serum content of 2, 5-HD, the metabolite of n-hexane, is different in different genders and age mice after exposed to the same dose of n-hexane. GO can effectively inhibit the production of n-hexane metabolized to 2, 5-HD in mice serum.
Allyl Compounds ; chemistry ; Animals ; Biotransformation ; drug effects ; Female ; Hexanes ; pharmacokinetics ; Hexanones ; blood ; Male ; Mice ; Sulfides ; chemistry
10.Clinical analysis and electroneurophysiology of chronic normal hexane poisoning in 11 patients.
Li SONG ; Xiao-jun LI ; Jian-yan YANG ; Ke-yu FENG
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2006;24(5):304-305
Adult
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Chronic Disease
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Electromyography
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Female
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Hexanes
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poisoning
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Humans
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Male
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Occupational Diseases
;
chemically induced
;
diagnosis
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Poisoning
;
diagnosis