No abstract available.
Thoracic Wall* ; Thorax*

Between May 1982 and October 1983, arthroscopic meniscectomy had been performed in 54 knees between ages of 11 and 70 years. There were 32 male patients and 22 female patients in this series. The mean follow-up was 20 months, ranging from 15 months to 33 months. Postoperative complications developed were retropatellar tenderness and effusion. No infection, thrombophlebitis or instability occurred postoperatively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the various possible prognostic factors upon the developtnent of the above mentioned complications. The factors included were 1) shape of tear, 2) ligamentous injury, 3) degenerative arthritia, 4) discoid lateral meniscus, 5) quadriceps atrophy, 6) sites of meniscus(medial or lateral) & extent of excision, 7) preoperative retropatellar tenderness and 8) method of rehabilitation. The findings were statistically analyzed by the Chi-square test (df-1) & Fisher's direct probability method. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The rate of development of postoperative effusion was significantly high in cases of quadriceps atrophy (P<0.01) and preoperative retropatellar tenderness(P<0.01). 2. The rate of deveopment of postoperative retropatellar tenderness was significantly high in case of discoid lateral meniscus (P <0.01). 3. There was no significant correlation between complications and other factors including shape of tear, preoperative degerative arthritis, site of meniscus & extent of excision and methods of rehabilitation.
Arthritis ; Atrophy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Rehabilitation ; Tears ; Thrombophlebitis

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mortality* ; Risk Factors*

No abstract available.
Balloon Valvuloplasty* ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis* ; Pulmonary Valve*

Serial platelet counts performed at four day intervals on forty two healthy premature infants whose birth weights were less than 2200 grams. The forty two infants were divided into two groups: twelve premature infants weighing less than 1700 grams, and thirty prematures infants weighing over 1700 grams at birth. We evaluated the length of time for the platetet counts of the premature infants to equal that of the full-term infants. Platelet counts also were determined on ninety-nine healthy full-term infants during twenty one days of age. The platelet counts were repeated twice a day. The counts of the twenty-four healthy premature infants and the twenty-two healthy full term infants were compared using the Brecher-Cronkite method. 1) There was no significant differnce in platelet counts between twenty four healthy premature infants and twenty two healthy full-term infants obtained at birth and four hour of life by the method of Brecher-Cronkite and the error of platelet Counts was within 2.4 percent. 2) There was no significant difference in the mean platelet values between premature infants weighing less than 1700 grams(21200/mm3) and weighing over 1700 grams (21900/mm3)during first day of life. It was noted the mean platelet values of forty two premature infants were significantly lower than that of sixty eight full term infants which was 27500/mm3. 3) At nine days of life, the mean platelet values of the forty two premature infants equaled that of the sixty eight full term infants at leveles of 27500/mm3. The platelet values were increase continuously and reached peak level of 370000/mm3at the age of three weeks. Increase of platelet values in premature infants weighing less than 1700 grams at birth was delayed about one week compared with that of the infants over 1700 grams at birth.
Birth Weight ; Blood Platelets* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Parturition ; Platelet Count*

No abstract available.
Scimitar Syndrome*

BACKGROUND: Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces sunburn, immune suppression, and various pigmentary disorders. Sunscreens are widely used to protect those untoward effects by UV but there are reports of phototoxicity or stability problems of sunscreens after exposure to UV. OBJECTIVE: We tried to compare sunscreens with different photostability in terms of their protection against various biologic responses like sunburn, immune suppression or pigmentation. METHODS: Three different sunscreens with SPF around 30 were used; Sunscreen-A (Sc-A) was photochemically inert, sunscreen-B (Sc-B) showed intermediate level of photostability, and sunscreen-C (Sc-C) was the least stable. To observe their in vivo effects, we measured sunscreen-protection against sunburn by back-skin swelling and sunburn cell formation, against immune suppression measured by depletion of Langerhans cells, local and systemic suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS), and against pigmentation by irradiation with mixed light source with UVA and UVB lamps that mimic solar UV spectrum. RESULTS: Back skin swellings by 5 kJ/m2 of UVB were protected well by sunscreens, but protection of Sc-C against 50 kJ/m2 of UVB was worse than Sc-A or Sc-B. Sunburn cells were increased significantly in mice irradiated with 5 kJ/m2 of UVB and it was protected by sunscreens, and the effect of photostability was minimal. Depletion of epidermal Langerhans cells by 5 kJ/m2 of UVB was protected completely by sunscreens. Local suppression of CHS by 5 kJ/m2 of UVB was protected by sunscreens, and Sc-A had better protection. But, in the experiment with 50 kJ/m2 of UVB, the protective efficacy was reversed; Sc-A showed worse protection. Systemic suppression of CHS by 10 kJ/m2 of UVB was protected well by sunscreens, and Sc-A had better protection and Sc-C had worse protection. In the experiment irradiated with 100 kJ/m2 of UVB, the protection of sunscreens was decreased, and Sc-B showed better protection, whereas Sc-C showed worse protection. In UV-induced pigmentation, all three sunscreens showed significant protection both by L* value and individual topographic angle (ITA) with the best protection by Sc-A and the worst protection by Sc-B. CONCLUSION: These data showed sunscreens can protect various in vivo responses and photostability of sunscreens played important roles particularly in the back-skin swelling and systemic suppression of CHS by high dose of UVB.
Animals ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic ; Langerhans Cells ; Mice ; Pigmentation ; Skin ; Sunburn ; Sunscreening Agents*

Postherpetic neuralgia(PHN) can be extremely debilitating condition. Treatment protocols for PHX may vary from center to center, such as conservative and intensive supportive therapeutic regimens, for example, oral medication, cutaneous nerve stimulating therapy, even acupuncture and hypnotherapy have been stressec In spite of all these measures, some 15% of PHN suffers gain little or no ra lief. Anecdotal reports have suggested that low level laser therapy(LLLT) is effective in the relief of various types of neuralgia. Rased on these, we were interested to apply LLLT for crucial condition of PHN. This is a prelirninary clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of LLLT in the treatment of the pain for well established and unrelieved PHN. In order to get more accurate result, subjective and objective criteria. were applied. The cases who showed the effectiveness in criteria of Excellent were 6/20(30 %) the cases who showed the effectiveness in criteria of Good were 3/20(15%), and the cases who showed the effectiveness in criteria of Fair were 3/20(15%). So the total cases who showed onset of the effectiveness of LLLT were 12 out of 20 cases(60%).
Acupuncture ; Clinical Protocols ; Humans ; Low-Level Light Therapy* ; Neuralgia ; Neuralgia, Postherpetic*

BACKGROUND: A lot of protective tools such as sunshades (sun-cap), sun-shielding tints and various sunscreens are widely used to protect solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Although dermatologists are aware of these products, they do not know the exact protective efficacy or their stability after strong UV irradiation. OBJECTIVE: We tried to measure the spectal absorbance and transmittance of various sunscreening products. In addition, we measured change of sunscreens's absorbance or transmittance after strong UV irradiation for 30, 60 and 90 minutes. METHODS: We purchased five commercially available sunshades (product A-E), five sun-tinting films (product A-E), and eight sunsceens (product A-H) with similar sun-protection factor (SPF) around 30, and measured spectral absorbance and transmittance of those agents. For the sunscreens, they were irradiated with 250 watt Xenon-Arc lamp and change of spectral responses were evaluated. RESULTS: In absorption and transmission spectra of five different sun-caps, sun-cap C showed very good protection in entire UV range whereas all others protected UV only partially. Absorption and transmission spectra of six different sun-shielding tints showed all of them protected UV fairly well and tint C showed the best protection. Eight different sunscreens showed profound differences in spectal absorbances or transmittances. Sunscreen-A showed the best protection and there was no relationship between price and spectral-protection of sunscreens. In the photo-stability of eight sunscreens after UV-irradiation, there were big differences. Only sunscreen-A showed the least change after UV irradiation, and all other sunscreens showed a change of specta by increased UV-irradiation time. CONCLUSION: Protection efficacies of sunscreening products were variable, and most sunscreens were unstable to strong UV irradiation. Further studies would be necessary to give proper information for protecting UV effectively to dermatologists and consumers.
Absorption ; Sunscreening Agents

BACKGROUND: Alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis are uncomman and developed from 5-10% of the patients with alopecia areata. OBJECTIVE: The authors perfcirmed a study for clinical obervations and the effects of treatments of alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis in order that this study may cointribute to further studies and treatments of them. MEHTODS: The author performed a clinical study of 42 patients with alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis retrospectively in order to evaluate the clinical manifestation. and the effects of treatments from January 1984 to March 1992 at the department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung Ang University. RESULTS: 1. The incidence of alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis was 6.7% (42/623) among the alopecia patients who were occtipied 1.4% (623/44,839) among the all new dermatologic out patients. 2. The age distributions at the onset of disease showed a peak incidenced an age of less than 15 years (52.4%, 22/42) and the average age was 19.7 years. 3. The laboratory fi ndings showed decreased total T cell count in 1 case(1/10), inversed T/T ratio in 6 cases(6/10), poisitive anti-thyroglobulin anti-body in 3 cases(3/11), and abnormal serum levels of testosterone, esradiol and progesterone in 5 cases(5/22), 2 cases(2/14) and 8 cases(8/13), respectively. 4. The effects in the group treated with topical immunotherapy with DPCP(2,3-diphenylcyclopropenone) or DI CB(2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene) revealed no significant difference from those in the group treated with an intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide. 5. The response rates to treatment were make ily higher in the patients with alopecia totalis than alopecia uriiversalis, in cases where the duration of disease was less than 5 years, and in the patients associated with psychologic stress. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that alopecia totalis and alopepia aniversalis frequently occur in children, and some of them we eassociated with cell mediated immunity defects, autoantibody and endocrine factors. The patients with alopecia totalis, with short duration if disease and associated with emotional stress showed better therapeutic responses.
Age Distribution ; Alopecia Areata ; Alopecia* ; Cell Count ; Child ; Dermatology ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunotherapy ; Incidence ; Injections, Intralesional ; Outpatients ; Progesterone ; Retrospective Studies ; Stress, Psychological ; Testosterone ; Triamcinolone Acetonide