No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

Inverted papilloma is a rare form of a benign sinonasal tumor characterized by a potentially invasive nature. The lateral nasal wall represents the most common site of origin. In contrast, involvement of sphenoid sinus is exceedingly rare. The present study describes a case of a 52-years-old patient with an inverted papilloma which originated from the sphenoid sinus. The patient complained mainly of headache, ptosis and diplopia. Radiologic study revealed that the sphenoid sinus was completely occupied by the tumor. Additionally, the ethmoid sinus, cavernous sinus and intracranial fossa have been invaded by the tumor. Endoscopic sinus surgery and postoperative radiotherapy were performed. Two months after the operation, the patient has not revealed any new symptom. However, a remnant of the inverted papilloma still remains. The clinical presentation of the inverting papillomas confined to the sphenoid sinus is often non-specific and insidious, with ptosis and diplopia being predominant. The rhinologic surgeon has to rule out this condition.
Cavernous Sinus ; Diplopia ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Headache ; Humans ; Papilloma ; Papilloma, Inverted ; Sphenoid Sinus

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Korean phonetically balanced (PB) word list (Ham's Korean PB Word List) is currently the most commonly used word list for speech discrimination test. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency characteristics of the Ham's Korean PB word list and to compare frequency characteristics of the Ham's Korean PB word list with that of the 21st Century Sejong words, which represent characteristics of the contemporary spoken Korean language. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: The 300 syllables most commonly used were collected from the words in 21st Century Sejong project. The 21st Century Sejong words were weighted according to the frequency of usage. The 21st Century Sejong words and words from the Ham's Korean PB word list were analyzed using an acoustic analysis program that has the MATLAB function. RESULTS: Syllables with frequencies above 2,000 Hz comprise 34% of the 21st Century Sejong words and 16% of the Ham's Korean PB word list. The Ham's Korean PB word list does not represent the high frequency characteristics of the contemporary spoken Korean language. The 21st Century Sejong words have more 'eu', 'i' and open syllables than the Ham's Korean PB word list. CONCLUSION: The Ham's Korean PB word list does not reflect the high frequency characteristics of the contemporary spoken Korean language included in the 21st Century Sejong words. Therefore, a new PB word list that incorporates a greater number of syllables with high frequency characteristics is required.
Acoustics* ; Audiometry, Speech ; Speech Acoustics ; Speech Discrimination Tests

PURPOSE: A rectourethral fistula (RUF) is an uncommon complication resulting from surgery, radiation or trauma. Although various surgical procedures for the treatment of an RUF have been described, none has gained acceptance as the procedure of choice. The aim of this study was to review our experience with surgical management of RUF. METHODS: The outcomes of 6 male patients (mean age, 51 years) with an RUF who were operated on by a single surgeon between May 2005 and July 2012 were assessed. RESULTS: The causes of the RUF were iatrogenic in four cases (two after radiation therapy for rectal cancer, one after brachytherapy for prostate cancer, and one after surgery for a bladder stone) and traumatic in two cases. Fecal diversion was the initial treatment in five patients. In one patient, fecal diversion was performed simultaneously with definitive repair. Four patients underwent staged repair after a mean of 12 months. Rectal advancement flaps were done for simple, small fistula (n = 2), and flap interpositions (gracilis muscle flap, n = 2; omental flap, n = 1) were done for complex or recurrent fistulae. Urinary strictures and incontinence were observed in patients after gracilis muscle flap interposition, but they were resolved with simple treatments. The mean follow-up period was 28 months, and closure of the fistula was achieved in all five patients (100%) who underwent definitive repairs. The fistula persisted in one patient who refused further definitive surgery after receiving only a fecal diversion. CONCLUSION: Depending on the severity and the recurrence status of RUF, a relatively simple rectal advancement flap repair or a more complex gracilis muscle or omental flap interposition can be used to achieve closure of the fistula.
Brachytherapy ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Fistula* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Muscles ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Rectal Fistula ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Surgical Flaps ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Fistula