Malignant melanoma of the lacrimal sac is extremely rare. To our knowledge, there have been 17 cases of malignant melanoma of the lacrimal sacreported in the literature and no case has been reported in Korea. The authors have experienced a 56 year-old male patient complaining of epiphora and mass in the medial canthal and neck areas for two month duration in the left eye. Excisional biopsy showed typical malignant melanoma which was treated with radiation therapy. Metastasis occurred in spinal cord during follow-up period. Although malignant melanoma of lacrimal sac is very rare, it should be considered in differential diagnosis of a growing tumor in the lacrimal sac.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Male ; Melanoma* ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Spinal Cord

No abstract available.
Hypersensitivity* ; Meperidine* ; Skin*

Antiestrogen tamoxifen (TMX) is thought to elicit its therapeutic effect by competing with endogenous estrogens for the estrogen receptor. Several more recent studies asserted that the antitumor effect of TMX is not due solely to the inhibition of estrogen receptor-mediated action, but due partly to its capacity to inhibit angiogenesis and impair neovascularization. Despite extensive research and clinical experience with this drug, its exact mode of action in inducing tumor regression is still not clear. The present study is aimed toward the investigation of the effects of TMX on dimethylbenzanthracene- induced rat mammary carcinomas with respect to the tumor response to the drugs, histological changes, cell proliferative acitivity and angiogenesis inhibition, and if TMX has antiangiogenic action, to compare it with that of pentosan polysulfate (PPS), an already known antiangiogenic substance. Female Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 50 days, were divided into normal control, test control (tumor induction by dimethylbenzanthracene), TMX (TMX administration after tumor induction), and PPS (PPS administration after tumor induction) groups. Tumor response to the drug administration was classified according to changes of tumor volume as follows; complete response (CR), partial response (PR), no response (NR), and progressive disease (PD). The response rate of rat mammary carcinomas to the drug administration was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the TMX and PPS groups as compared with the test control group. There was, however, no statistical significance between the TMX and PPS groups. Necrosis was considerably frequent in tumors of the TMX and PPS groups. Hyaline change of the stroma was strikingly more common and marked in the TMX group and it was associated with atrophy of epithelial cells of the tumor glands. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)- labeling index of the tumors was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the tumors with NR and PD of the TMX group when compared with those with PR of the same group, which suggested a higher cell proliferative activity in these response groups. In the PPS group, however, there was no significant difference in PCNA index according to response. Microvessel density of the tumors was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the PPS group as compared with the test control and TMX groups and it was not related with response. The TMX group, however, did not show any significant difference in microvessel density when compared with the test control group. Microvessel density was significantly higher (p<0.05) in tumors with PD than those with PR in all 3 groups, which suggested a positive relation of increase in tumor size and angiogenesis. Based on these results it is thought that TMX and PPS inhibit growth of chemically-induced rat mammary carcinomas. It seems that the antitumor action of PPS is related with its antiangiogenic capability, but that of TMX does not have a relationship with angiogenenesis inhibition.
Female ; Humans ; Rats ; Animals ; Breast Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Cytomegalovirus ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Humans

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Orbital lymphangioma is a benign vascular hamartoma that may be found in the conjunctiva, eyelids, orbit, or elsewhere in the head and neck region. Deep lymphangiomatous lesions are classically characterized by acute onset of a fulminant proptosis resulting from spontaneous hemorrhage within the orbit. Complete surgical excision is often difficult because of the infiltrative nature of the tumor. Moreover, because of the hemorrhagic and friable nature of the tumor, conventional surgical techniques are frequently complicated by bleeding. We treated a case of pathologically-proven orbital lymphangioma with the ultrapulse CO2 laser. The ultrapulse CO2 laser permits a precise form of treatment with the ultimate form of hemostasis[tissue vaporization], resulting in minimal trauma, edema, and scarring, and thus offers a safe alternative to surgical excision of this lesion. The ultrapulse CO2 laser is an best ideal instrument for subtotal excision of this lesion because of its hemostatic cutting-vaporizing actions.
Cicatrix ; Conjunctiva ; Edema ; Exophthalmos ; Eyelids ; Hamartoma ; Head ; Hemorrhage ; Lasers, Gas* ; Lymphangioma* ; Neck ; Orbit* ; Volatilization*

In glaucoma patients, optic nerve head analysis is very useful in early detection and progression during follow-up. Among optic nerve head analysis methods, the confocal laser tomographic scanner(Heidelberg Retina Tomograph: HRT) is actively studied for accurate and highly reproducible analysis.We analyzed the optic nerve head of 62 normal eyes(male 40 eyes, female 22 eyes) in third decade of Korean with HRT, and calculated the mean value of each parameters in HRT and evaluated the difference between men and women. We also studied the distribution fo the value of each parameter in normal third decade of Korean. In addition, for the parameters of Rim/Disc area ratio, we calculated the mean value in 6 divisions of optic nerve head.The mean value of Disc area was 2.039mm3, Cup area 0.593mm3, rim area 1.716mm3 and Cup/Disc area ratio 0.237. Rim volume, Maximal cup depth, Height variation contour, Mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and Retinal nerve fiber layer cross sectional area were statistically different between men and women. For Rim/Disc area ratio, the maximal value was noted in nasal inferior(0.873) region, and the minimal value was in temporal(0.579) region. There was no statistically difference between men and women in Rim/Disc area ratio.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Fibers ; Optic Disk* ; Optic Nerve* ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde

The authors studied retrospectively on the surgical results of modified Fasanella-Servat operation for blepharoptosis. The 58 patients underwent modified Fasanella-Servat operation for blepharoptosis and were followed for at least 6 months. We obtained 74.1% primary success rate in the 58 cases of blepharoptosis. The undercorrection, the most common complication, could be correctable by any other ptosis procedures such as levator resction. However, severe complications such as overcorrection and eyelid contour abnormalities were very rare. We also obtained good surgical results even in groups of moderate degree of ptosis and fair levator function which had not been indicated for Fasanella-Servat operation in general.
Blepharoptosis ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

This study was undertaken to document the effect of transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2(TGF-beta2) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the proliferation of pig retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). Whereas bFGF increased the proliferation, TGF-beta2 showed the inhibitory effect on the proliferation The inhibitory effect of TGF-beta2 disappeared in RPE subcultured with 10ng/ml of bFGF. Both TGF-beta2- and bFGF-specific antisense oligonucleotides blocked the autocrine effect of the growth factors. PLC-71 -specific antisense oligonucleotide inhibited the effect of TGF-beta2 and bFGF. Genistein inhibited the effect of TGF-beta2 and bFGF in dose-dependent man, ner. The data suggest the involvement. of in PLC-/1 and tyrosine kinase in signalling.
Epithelial Cells* ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; Genistein ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Retinaldehyde* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta2*

To determine the effectiveness of unilateral medical rectus recession and lateral rectus resection in esotropia, surgical outcome was reviewed. We excluded paralytic strabismus, refractive esotropia and nonrefractive esotropia with high AC/A. Of 128 cases, 60 cases were male, 68 cases were female. At the amount of surgery, age distribution was from 11 month to 55 years. Preoperative angle of deviation was from 12 delta to 95 delta. We treated the patients with varying amount of unilateral medial rectus recession from 2.5mm to 8mm and unilateral lateral rectus resection from 2.5mm to 10mm. Following 31 months in average, 102(79.69%) showed successful alignment(orthporia +/-10 delta). The average amount of correction amount was 30.42 delta.
Age Distribution ; Esotropia* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Strabismus