A clincal study was made on 383 adult patients with congenital heart disease who visited the Seoul National university Hospital during the period of March, 1961-July, 1979. 1. The incidence of congenital heart disease for the consecutive years was increasing in 1970s, especially in recent two years. 2. The sex incidence of congental heart disease was female 47.0%, male 53.0%, with male preponderance in tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular septal defect, coarctation of aorta, aortopulmonary window and female preponderance in atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus. 3. Age distribution of congenital heart disease showed that 79.1% of all were below 30 years of age but atrial septal defect showed wide distribution below and above 30 years of age. 4. The incidences of each congenital heart disease were atrial septal defect 20.9%, tetralogy of Fallot 20.6%, ventricular septal defect 19.%, patent ductus arteriosus 12.0%, pulmonary stenosis 7.6%, trilogy of Fallot 1.8%, Ebstein's anomaly 1.8%, ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis 1.3%, coarctation of aorta 1.3%, ventricular septal defect with aortic insufficiency 1.0%, transposition of great vessels 1.0%, in order and rare and various combined anomalies. 5. Average duration of illness in congenital heart disease was less than 15 years in majority, but duration from 11 years to 20 years was most common in tetralogy of Fallot. 6. Functional class of congenital heart disease is class II and I in majority, but class III was most common in tetralogy of Fallot. 7. Comparision of precatheterization diagnosis with postcatheterization diagnosis showed concordence in 92.2% and comparison of postcatheterization diagnosis with postoperative diagnosis showed concordence in 95.5% of cases. 8. Electrocardiographic findings in 5 major congenital heart disease were observed as follows; right ventricular hypertrophy 86.3%, right atrial enlargement 16.4% in tetralogy of Fallot, right ventricular hypertrophy 30.9%, incomplete right bundle branch block 27.9% in atrial septal defect, left ventricular hypertrophy 28.8%, right ventricular hypertrophy 10.6%, biventricular hypertrophy 10.6% in ventricular septal defect, left ventricular hypertrophy 63.2% in patent ductus arteriosus and right ventricular hypertrophy 70% in pulmonary stenosis. 9. Postoperative changes in electrocardiographic findings were observed in 36.1% of operated patients, of whom teteralogy of Fallot 61.7%, ventricular septal defect 48.0% were most common. Pstoperative electrocardiographic changes were complete right bundle branch block 58.3%, incomplete right bundle branch block 11.7%, myocardial ischemia 10%, nonspecific ST-T changes 10%, etc. in order.
Adult* ; Age Distribution ; Aortic Coarctation ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Diagnosis ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Ebstein Anomaly ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart* ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ; Incidence ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Seoul ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Transposition of Great Vessels ; Trilogy of Fallot

A clincal study was made on 383 adult patients with congenital heart disease who visited the Seoul National university Hospital during the period of March, 1961-July, 1979. 1. The incidence of congenital heart disease for the consecutive years was increasing in 1970s, especially in recent two years. 2. The sex incidence of congental heart disease was female 47.0%, male 53.0%, with male preponderance in tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular septal defect, coarctation of aorta, aortopulmonary window and female preponderance in atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus. 3. Age distribution of congenital heart disease showed that 79.1% of all were below 30 years of age but atrial septal defect showed wide distribution below and above 30 years of age. 4. The incidences of each congenital heart disease were atrial septal defect 20.9%, tetralogy of Fallot 20.6%, ventricular septal defect 19.%, patent ductus arteriosus 12.0%, pulmonary stenosis 7.6%, trilogy of Fallot 1.8%, Ebstein's anomaly 1.8%, ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis 1.3%, coarctation of aorta 1.3%, ventricular septal defect with aortic insufficiency 1.0%, transposition of great vessels 1.0%, in order and rare and various combined anomalies. 5. Average duration of illness in congenital heart disease was less than 15 years in majority, but duration from 11 years to 20 years was most common in tetralogy of Fallot. 6. Functional class of congenital heart disease is class II and I in majority, but class III was most common in tetralogy of Fallot. 7. Comparision of precatheterization diagnosis with postcatheterization diagnosis showed concordence in 92.2% and comparison of postcatheterization diagnosis with postoperative diagnosis showed concordence in 95.5% of cases. 8. Electrocardiographic findings in 5 major congenital heart disease were observed as follows; right ventricular hypertrophy 86.3%, right atrial enlargement 16.4% in tetralogy of Fallot, right ventricular hypertrophy 30.9%, incomplete right bundle branch block 27.9% in atrial septal defect, left ventricular hypertrophy 28.8%, right ventricular hypertrophy 10.6%, biventricular hypertrophy 10.6% in ventricular septal defect, left ventricular hypertrophy 63.2% in patent ductus arteriosus and right ventricular hypertrophy 70% in pulmonary stenosis. 9. Postoperative changes in electrocardiographic findings were observed in 36.1% of operated patients, of whom teteralogy of Fallot 61.7%, ventricular septal defect 48.0% were most common. Pstoperative electrocardiographic changes were complete right bundle branch block 58.3%, incomplete right bundle branch block 11.7%, myocardial ischemia 10%, nonspecific ST-T changes 10%, etc. in order.
Adult* ; Age Distribution ; Aortic Coarctation ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Diagnosis ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Ebstein Anomaly ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart* ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ; Incidence ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Seoul ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Transposition of Great Vessels ; Trilogy of Fallot

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The introduction of Hansenula polymorpha for recombinant hepatitis B vaccine production allowed high product yield with plasmid stability and less glycosylation than conventional Saccharomyces cerevisiae system. A Green Cross HG-II vaccine formulated from HBsAg produced by a recombinant strain of the yeast H. polymorpha was evaluated for immunogenicity and safety in an open label triaL METHOFD: A 20 ug dose of Green Cross HG-II vaccine was administered intramuscularly at 0, 1 and 6 months at the deltoid region in 118 healthy adults seronegative for HBV markers. The anti-HBs titers were determined at one month after administration of the third dose of vaccine by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The seroconversion rate was 96.8% (90 out of 93), with seroprotective rate of 95.7% (89 out of 93). The geometric mean titers(GMT) of the anti-HBs response was 153.1mIU/ml in seroconverters. An age-dependent effect was observed in the anti-HBs response. But sex-dependent effect was not prominent. Reactogenecity was in incidence and general reactions were short-lasting and a mainly mild in severity. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study have shown that the Green Cross HG-II vaccine is safe and clinically well tolerated, a nd that it may provide protection against HBV infection.
Adult* ; Glycosylation ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B Vaccines* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pichia ; Plasmids ; Radioimmunoassay ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Yeasts

The efficacy of acetaminophen, sponging plus acetaminophen, and sponging alone as method of lowering body temperature was compared in 108 children aged 8 weeks to 5 years who presented with an axillary temperature of 38.5degrees C or greater during the period from January 1993 to April 1993. The following results were obtained. 1) The male to female ratio was 2.5:1 and clinical diagnosis in the order of frequency were upper respiratory infection, gastroenteritis, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, cellulitis, chickenpox and hand-foot-mouth disease. 2) At thirty minutes after treatment, there was no significant difference on the decrement of temperature among the three groups. 3) At sixty minutes, the temperature decrement was the greatest in the group of sponging plus acetaminophen and that was statistically significant (P<0.01). But there was no significant difference between the group of acetaminophen and that of sponging.
Acetaminophen ; Body Temperature ; Cellulitis ; Chickenpox ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fever* ; Gastroenteritis ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumonia ; Urinary Tract Infections

No abstract available.
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active* ; Humans ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase*

The antihypertensive effect of nicardipine was studied in 31 cases of essential hypertension and following results were obtained. 1) Daily dose was 30-60mg for 10 weeks. 2) Mean systolic and diastolic pressure were decreased by 39.5mmHg 921%) and 17.2mmHg(15%) respectively(P<0.005) and in 84% of cases, good or fair control of blood pressure was proved. 3) There was no significant change in heart rates before and after treatment. 4) There were no significant side effects except two cases of mild headache and facial flushing which subsided spontaneously.
Blood Pressure ; Flushing ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension ; Nicardipine*

The authors determined the value of performing urine microscopy on biochemically negative urine sepcimens in a pediatric population. The 746 urine specimens of patients who were either visited or admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, National Police Hospital, from March 1991 to July 1992 were reviewed on the basis of comparative evaluation of biochemical and microscopic urine analysis. Eight reactions of Clinitek(r) 200 were used as biochemical indicators, namely, pH, nitrite, albumin, glucose, ketone, urobilinogen, bilirubin, and blood. Out of 746 urine specimens studied, 186 were true positive. Thirty-six specimens reacted biochemically in the absence of positive microscopic findings (false postive), 492 specimens were true negatives. Thirty-two specimens had negative biochemical indicators, in spite of positive microscopy. The sensitivity of the biochemical parameters for predicting significant microscopy of urinary sediment is 85% and the specificity is 99%. The positive predictive value is 69.7% and the negative predictive value is 99.3%. The sensitivity of blood for RBC is 94%. and the specificity is 99%. The predictive value of a positive result is 84.6% and that of a negative result is 99.7%. We therefore conclude that urine microscopy is less necessary in biochemically negative urine specimens from asymptomatic pediatric patients, with hopefully resultant time and cost effectiveness.
Bilirubin ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Microscopy ; Pediatrics ; Police ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinalysis* ; Urobilinogen

The antihypertensive effect of carteolol hydrochloride was observed in 20 cases of essential hypertension, and following results were obtained. 1. Mean drops in systolic and diastolic blood pressure by carteolol hydrochloride were 13mmHg and 9mmHg. The results of antihypertensive therapy revealed good control in 25%, fair control in 35%, poor in 20% and failure in 20% of the cases. 2. After the administration of carteolol hydrochloride, no drop in average heart rate was observed. 3. The side effect of carteolol was mild indigestion in two cases.
Blood Pressure ; Carteolol* ; Dyspepsia ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension

Gangweon-do is known to be highly endemic area of sparganosis more than other provinces in Korea. A seroepidmiologic examination for the detection of anti-Spirometra erinacei plerocercoid IgG in serum was carried out in normal inhabitants in Hongcheon-gun, Gangweon-do. Sere were tested by enzyme-linked immunosrobent assay (ELISA) for the anti-sparganum antibodies. Positive rate for anti-sparganum antibody in 719 adults was 3.3%. Data of the questionnaire for 24 ELISA positive inhabitants revealed that 20 had a history of eating raw meat of snakes, 24 had a history of eating frogs, and 24 had a history of drinking stream water. Two positive cases had a past history of sparganosis. Two positive cases showed current symptoms of sparganosis. The data revealed that ELISA would be useful to find infected cases among normal inhabitants at sparganosis-endemic areas.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Antibodies, Helminth/*blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Human ; Immunoglobulin G/*blood ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Sparganosis/*epidemiology ; Spirometra/*immunology

STUDY DESIGN: In a prospective study of 38 patients undergoing lumbar pedicle screw instrumentation 200 pedicle hole were tested intraoperatively using electrical stimulation. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the searching stimulus intensity at pedicle in Korean and to identify the most vulnerable root in transpedicular screw fixation of lumbosacral spine. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Electromyelogram(EMG) was monitored from eight lower extremity muscles bilaterally. Constant current stimulation pulses(0.2msec duration) were delivered through a ball-tipped nasopharyngeal probe used to evaluate each pedicle hole, and evaluated for searching stimulus intensity, the current necessary to evoked EMG RESULTS: The searching stimulus intensity above 5 mA were 194 cases(97.0%), above 7mA 151cases(75.5%), above 10 mA 107 cases(53.5%) and below 5 mA were 6 cases(3.0%). The vastus medialis muscle is most sensitive in L2(100%), L3(83.3%), tibialis anterior is in L4(68.4%), peroneus longus is in L5(44.2%) and gastrocnemious is in S1(64.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Stimulus-evoked EMG monitoring is a valuable and efficacious adjunct to lumbar pedicle screw instrumentation. A stimulation threshold greater than 5 mA reliably indicates adequate screw position and the root located at infero-medial side of pedicle is most vulnerab18 in transpedicular screw fixation.
Electric Stimulation ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Muscles ; Prospective Studies ; Quadriceps Muscle ; Spine