Background: Herbal medicine is a growing and innovative field in Philippine dermatology. There is a need to assess the quality of reporting of published herbal randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in dermatology since these will serve to guide rational development and use of medicinal plants in the Philippines. Objective: The study aimed to assess the quality of reporting of published herbal RCTs in dermatology from the Philippines based on the hCONSORT checklist. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, CENTRAL, HERDIN (from inception to 20 September 2018), and other secondary sources for published randomized controlled trials that used any herbal preparation as intervention for the treatment or prevention of a dermatologic disease or for maintenance of healthy skin, hair, or nails. We determined the percentage of reported items based from the hCONSORT checklist. Results: We included 41 trials, majority of which were on infections, infestations, and bites (66%). The three most common families of herbs used were Fabaceae/Leguminosae (22%) (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. [kakawati]; Senna alata (L.) Roxb. / Cassia alata (L.) [akapulko]); Arecaceae (12%) (Cocos nucifera L. [coconut]); and Myrtaceae (12%) (Eucalyptus sp [eucalyptus], Psidium guajava L.[guava], and Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel [tea tree]). Most of the trials (27/41, 66%) were conducted in accredited dermatology training programs of the Philippine Dermatological Society. Only 11 trials (27%) were published in PubMED-indexed journals. More than half of articles were published after the CONSORT publication in 2006 (59%). The mean percentage of reported hCONSORT checklist items in included studies was 39.6% (SD 9.9), with only seven studies reporting more than 50% of the hCONSORT checklist items. Conclusion Published herbal RCTs in dermatology from the Philippines are poorly reported based on the hCONSORT checklist. There is a need for dissemination of the hCONSORT to local researchers and journal editors to ensure thorough and quality reporting.
Herbal

Introduction: Preparation of herbal mixtures from the traditional knowledge has been used for over centuries to improve and maintain health condition. Nonetheless, lack of scientific evaluations on regard to their bioactive metabolites as a mixture and their pharmacological effects have yet to be reported. Therefore, the objectives of this study are 1) to determine the effect of processing techniques (blending and juicing) on extracting polyphenols and 2) to determine the effect ratio of honey in herbal mixture (containing ginger, garlic, honey, apple cider vinegar, and lemon juice). Methods: Raw ingredients such as garlic, ginger, lemon and apple cider (1:1:1:1) were used as the base for this herbal mixture. The base was either blended using a blender or juiced using a juicer. The mixture was simmered (85oC - 100oC) until reduced to half of the initial volume and cooled down before being added with honey in 1:1 (rA) or 1:3 (rB) ratio. The mixtures were tested for pH, total phenolic, total flavonoid content and alpha glucosidase inhibitory activities. Results: Both of juiced samples in both honey ratio (rA and rB) have lower acidity compared to blended samples. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) also showed significantly higher levels (p <0.05) in juiced samples than blended samples especially in Juicer rB. The insignificant differences in α-glucosidase inhibitory activities among mixtures indicate both extraction and ratio did not influence α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the mixtures. Conclusion: All of the results indicate that processing techniques and ratio can affect the pH and phenolic recovery
Herbal mixture

Herbal Medicine

Objective: This study aimed to determine the antiviral activity of ten Philippine medicinal plants against Zika virus (ZIKV). Methods: Lyophilized aqueous plant extracts were used for cell cytotoxicity and virus inhibition assays. The therapeutic index was computed from the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) and 50% effective concentration (EC50) values. Plant metabolites were also identified using mass spectroscopy. An in-silico screening of these metabolites was done using ZIKV enzymes and the Axl protein in human microglial cells as target proteins, followed by the ranking of binding energy scores to generate a hypothesis on the possible mechanism of antiviral action. Results: The plants that demonstrated the highest therapeutic index were Momordica charantia, Psidium guajava, Vitex negundo, and Blumea balsamifera. The majority of the metabolites present in the aqueous extracts were saponin, terpenes and terpenoids, and anthocyanin. Further, in-silico docking results showed a higher binding affinity for viral replication proteins compared to the viral envelope protein. Conclusion The crude aqueous extracts of M. charantia, P. guajava, V. negundo, and B. balsamifera were the most potent candidate antiviral therapies against ZIKV among the ten plants tested. Meanwhile, the in-silico results suggested that the metabolites possibly employ an intracellular mechanism for the observed antiviral activity.
Herbal Medicine

No abstract available.
Herbal Medicine* ; Nausea* ; Vomiting*

Background: AH product is a herbal remedy containing of twelve plant extracts, which has a good hepatoprotective effect in two models inducing acute liver injury by carbon tetraclorid (CCl4) and paracetamol. Objective: To evaluate antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo of AH product. Subjects and methods: Evaluation of antioxidant activity through a reduction of anion superoxide level in vitro and MDA concentration in liver tissue in vitro and in vivo. Results: AH product reduced anion superoxide level, IC50 was 26.60\xb5g/ml. In vitro, AH product at concentration of 125\xb5g/ml reduced formation of MDA 53.70%. The higher the concentration, the stronger the inhibition. In vivo, models of acute liver injuries induced by CCI4 and PAR in mice, AH product at two different doses (4.8 tablets/kg and 9.6 tablets/kg) reduced MDA concentration in liver tissue (33,9 - 36,6 % in CCI4 model and 21,4 - 25,3 % in PAR model) in comparison with group which used hepatotoxins but didn't use any drug. Conclusions: AH product containing many remedies was demonstrated having antioxidant activity which contributed to mechanism of hepatoprotection of this product. \r\n", u'\r\n', u'
Antioxidants ; Herbal Medicine ;

The study given an insight on the similarity in dyslipidemia syndrome between Western medicine and East medicine. 60 patients with dyslipidemia examined from December 1997 to July 1998 were investigated. Results suggested that the herb extract combination was an effect treatment for wind-phlegm form of dyslipidemia. It reduced triglycerid level by 31.5%, total cholesterol by 16%, LDL-C by 20.2% and apoprotein B by 16.7%, increased HDL-C by 19.8% and apoprotein by 14.1%.
Dyslipidemias ; Medicine, Herbal

On rat, among 4 these herbal medicine plants, only Rehmania flutinosa does not decrease significantly the blood sugar level with the oral doses of 1000-1500 mg/kg body weight and with intraperitoneal doses of 200-300mg/kg. Oral use of Anemarrhena asphodeloides and Angiopteris evecta decreases blood sugar at the doses of 100-1.500mg/kg. Intraperitoneal use of the doses of 200-300mg/kg Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Angiopteris evecta and gynoitema pentaphyllum lower glycemia by above 25% in comparison with the pretreated level.
Hypoglycemic Agents ; Medicine, Herbal

Study on hepatoprotective effects of lingzhi extract on CCl4-induced hepatic lesion, lingzhi formulation produced by OPC Company which reached standards at basic level. Lingzhi dry powder was prepared with distilled water to make liquid extract with concentrations of 15% (15g dry extract/100ml water), 30% and 75%. These liquid extracts were used to test hepatoprotective effects. With low dose CCl4 (0,25%) induced hepatic toxication, 15%, 30% and 75% lingzhi extracts showed hepatoprotective effect. However, with high dose CCl4 (1%), only 30% lingzhi extract showed clear and stable hepatoprotective effects. Experimental trials on hepatic diseases as well as on hepatoprotective medications should provide necessary information on physiopathological characteristics and medicinal therapies
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Liver

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