BACKGROUND:Growth factors involved in the regulation of cel ular processes play an important role in the wound healing and tissue regeneration. OBJECTIVE:To elaborate the role of a variety of cel ular processes involving growth factors in the repair of skeletal muscle injury, and to provide the references for the treatment and rehabilitation strategies, and the synthesis of biomaterials with growth factor for the skeletal muscle after injury. METHODS:A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed, Mendeley, Google Scholar, and CNKI databases from 1995 to November 2015 to screen the relevant literatures using the keywords“skeletal muscle, damage repair, insulin-like growth factor, epidermal growth factor, growth factor”. Data screening, processing, and summary were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fifty-one eligible literatures were included. Exercise training promotes the repair and regeneration of the injured skeletal muscle cel s and the recovery of the function by activating satel ite cel s in the sarcolemma and basement membrane to produce the numerous myoblasts. The repair involves the complex biological process regulated by growth factors. Exogenous growth factors up-regulate the mRNA expression of endogenous growth factors, stimulate the proliferation of the myoblasts, accelerate the fusion between myotubes and muscle fibers, promote the repair of skeletal muscle injury, inhibit the formation of scars, thereby enhancing the healing quality.

Objective To evaluate the significance of IgM treponema pallidum specific antibody in the diagnosis of syphilis in various periods.Methods By using Western bloting(WB),tolulized red unheated serum test(TRUST),treponema pallidum particle agglutination(TPPA) and treponema pallidum (TP),we examined and analyzed 21 cases of first-stage syphilis, 8 cases of second-stage syphilis, 4 cases of latent syphilis, 3 cases of new born infants suspected with congenital syphilis, 7 cases of syphilis formally treated for 18 months and 5 cases of healthy control groups.Results The positive rates of IgM, TRUST, TPPA and TP in first-stage syphilis cases were 100.0%, 42.9%, 57.1% and 66.7% respectively. The positive rates of IgM, TRUST and TPPA in second-stage syphilis, latent syphilis and congenital syphilis were all 100.0%.The positive rates in syphilis cases received 18 months treatment were 0%(IgM), 28.6%(TRUST) and 100.0%(TPPA). The IgM,TRUST and TPPA in control groups were all negative.Conclusion The specific antibody of IgM treponema pallidum has high sensitivity and specificity,and hence can be applied in the diagnosis of syphilis in various periods.

AIM: To explore the protective effects and mechanism of astragalus injection on asthmatic rats. METHODS: OVA was injected intraperitoneally and inhaled to produce the asthmatic rat models. Forty rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, asthma group and astragalus groups of high, medium and low dose. The concentration of IL-5 in BALF and the expression of IL-5 mRNA, phospho-p38 MAPK in lung tissue were respectively measured by ELISA, in situ hybridization staining and Western blot. The number of inflammatory cell in BALF was calculated and histopathology changes were observed. RESULTS: The number of inflammatory cell and the concentration of IL-5 in BALF and the expression of IL-5 mRNA, phospho-p38 MAPK in lung tissue were higher in asthmatic rat group than those in normal control(P

Objective To explore the effectiveness of microendoscopic discectomy (MED) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 59 cases of lumbar disc herniation treated by MED was made. The experience as well as lessons was summed up. Results All the 59 cases were followed for 4~24 months (mean, 15 months). Clinical outcomes were determined according to the Macnab criteria, which revealed that 43 cases had excellent, 14 cases had good, 1 had fair, and 1 had poor outcomes (with postoperative paralysis), the “excellent or good” rate being 96.6%(57/59). Conclusions MED is the first choice for contained herniated lumbar discs. A successful MED depends upon proper selection of patients and skillful surgical techniques.

Objective To assess the performance capability of syphilis serology among STI laborato-ries in Guangdong Province. Methods Positive and negative sera samples were prepared and delivered toSTI laboratories. Non-treponemal and treponemal quantitative and qualitative tests were performed with these samples based on standardized procedures. Quality and proficiency of syphilis serology among these labora-tories were evaluated. Results A total of 225 STI laboratories in Guangdong Province participated in this survey, 3696 serological tests for syphilis were performed from 2004-2006. The outcomes showed that the total reproducibility among participating laboratories increased from 82.5% in 2004 to 90.0% in 2006 (x2 =16.8, P ＜ 0.05), and the percentage of laboratories with a performance level higher than the provincial average level rose from 64.7% in 2004 to 76.8% in 2006. The total reproducibility was 95.5% for non-treponemal qualitative tests,95.0% for treponemal qualitative tests, 82.1% for non-treponemal quantitative tests, and 81.1% for treponemal quantitative tests. The false-negativity and false-positivity rates were 4.7% and 4.0%,respectively, for non-treponemal qualitative tests, and 7.2% and 0.4%, respectively, for treponemal qualitative tests. Conclusions It is important to do capability building and improve the performance of STI laborato-ries, in order to prevent and control syphilis.

Aim To explore the effects of SB203580,a special inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK),on the airway inflammation and Th2 cytokines,interleukin 4(IL-4) and IL-5,in asthmatic mice.Methods Thirty mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control,asthmatic group and SB203580 group.The expression of IL-4 mRNA and IL-5 mRNA in lung tissue and IL-4 and IL-5 protein in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were detected using in situ hybridization and ELISA,respectively.The number of inflammatory cells in BALF and histopathological changes were observed.Results The number of inflammatory cells and the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-5 in BALF,and the expression of IL-4 mRNA and IL-5 mRNA in lung tissue were higher in the asthmatic mice than in the normal control mice(P

AIM: To explore the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) in the regulation of IL-4 and IL-5 expression in asthmatic rats. METHODS: T lymphocytes were isolated and purified from blood of normal or asthmatic rats. p38MAPK in nuclear extracts, mRNA and protein of IL-4 and IL-5 in supernatants were measured by Western blotting, in situ hybridization and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: The expression of p38MAPK, the percentage of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA positive cells, IL-4 and IL-5 protein in supernatants were significantly increased in asthmatic T lymphocytes and was blocked by SB203580, a selective inhibitor of p38MAPK. There were good positive correlation between the expression of p38MAPK and either the percentage of positive cells of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA (r=0.71, 0.63, P

Objective To establish a canine model of fulminate hepatic failure ( FHF) and study the treatment of FHF by partial orthotopic liver transplatation(POLT).Methods Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) mixed with the same amount of peanut oil in the dosage of 0.9 ml per kilogram of body weight was injected intraperitoneally to canines. ALT,tolal bilirubine(TB), PT, NH 4,and blood suger(BG) were monitored. The pathological changes were observed when the canine died,remain alived animal were killed on 7th day and 14th day respectively. EEG was performed on 3rd day after the model eslablished. Results After CCl 4 was injected, the canine showed progressive hepatic failure, ALT, TB and NH rose persistantly, PT prolonged, and BG decreased (P

To use Agrobacterium rhizogenes-induced hairy roots to create new germplasm of Dianthus caryophyllus, we transformed D. caryophyllus with A. rhizogenes by leaf disc for plant regeneration from hairy roots. The white hairy roots could be induced from the basal surface of leaf explants of D. caryophyllus 12 days after inoculation with A. rhizogenes ATCC15834. The percentage of the rooting leaf explants was about 90% 21 days after inoculation. The hairy roots could grow rapidly and autonomously in liquid or solid phytohormone-free MS medium. The transformation was confirmed by PCR amplification of rol gene of Ri plasmid and silica gel thin-layer chromatography of opines from D. caryophyllus hairy roots. Hairy roots could form light green callus after cultured on MS+6-BA 1.0-3.0 mg/L + NAA 0.1-0.2 mg/L for 15 days. The optimum medium for adventitious shoots formation was MS + 6-BA 2.0 mg/L + NAA 0.02 mg/L, where the rate of adventitious shoot induction was 100% after cultured for 6 weeks. The mean number of adventitious shoot per callus was 30-40. The adventitious shoots can form roots when cultured on phytohormone-free 1/2 MS or 1/2 MS +0.5 mg/L NAA for 10 days. When the rooted plantlets transplanted in the substrate mixed with perlite sand and peat (volume ratio of 1:2), the survival rate was above 95%.
Agrobacterium ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Culture Media ; Dianthus ; growth & development ; Plant Growth Regulators ; Plant Leaves ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Rhizobium ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; Transformation, Genetic

Objective To investigate the value of creatine kinase and computed tomography(CT)angiography to evaluate short-term prognosis of patients with superior mesenteric artery embolism(SMAE).Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was adopted.The clinical data of 26 patients with SMAE who were admitted to the first Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between January 2008 and October 2015 were collected.The patients received serologic examination and CT angiography firstly,and then medicinal conservative method and surgical method were respectively conducted according to the results of above examinations.Observation indices:(1)clinical features,(2)serum indicators results,(3)CT angiography results:①location(main stem and non-main stem)of SMAE and development of distal branches of superior mesenteric artery(SMA),②indirect signs,such as bowel wall thickening,bowel dilatation combined with effusion and air accumulation and pneumatosis intestinalis,(4)therapy and prognosis.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as-x±s,comparisons among groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA.Measurement data with skewed distribution were presented as M(range)and analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test,and pairwise comparison was done using the Nemenyi test.Results(1)Clinical features:of 26 patients with SMAE,6 patients had intestinal ischemia,8 patients had partial intestinal necrosis and 12 patients had long segmental intestinal necrosis(postoperative short bowel syndrome in 5 patients and total small intestinal necrosis and partial colonic necrosis in 7 patients).Duration of symptoms before diagnosis was(1.7±0.8)days in 6 patients with intestinal ischemia and(2.1±1.1)days in 8 patients with partial intestinal necrosis and(1.5±0.7)days in 12 patients with long segmental intestinal necrosis,with no statistically significant difference(F=1.27,P＞0.05).(2)Serum indicators results:levels of serum creatine kinase in patients with intestinal ischemia,partial intestinal necrosis and long segmental intestinal necrosis were 68 U/L(range,50-86 U/L),98 U/L(range,54-244 U/L)and 300 U/L(range,40-873 U/L),respectively,with a statistically significant difference among patients(H=7.32,P＜0.05)and between patients with intestinal ischemia and with long segmental intestinal necrosis(H=7.21,P＜0.05),and with no statistically significant difference between patients with partial intestinal necrosis and with intestinal ischemia or long segmental intestinal necrosis(H=1.53,2.07,P＞0.05).(3)CT angiography results:①developments of SMAE(main stem and non-main stem)and distal branches of SMA:main stem embolism of SMA in 13 patients demonstrated hypodense shadow,with non-contrast of distal branches of artery,including 1 with intestinal ischemia,1 with partial intestinal necrosis and 11 with long segmental intestinal necrosis.Main stem embolism of SMA in 8 patients demonstrated hypodense shadow,with contrast of distal branches of SMA,including 3 with intestinal ischemia,4 with partial intestinal necrosis and 1 with long segmental intestinal necrosis.Main stem embolism of SMA in 2 patients demonstrated hypodense shadow,with non-contrast of distal branches of SMA,showing partial intestinal necrosis.Non-main stem embolism of SMA in 3 patients demonstrated hypodense shadow,with contrast of distal branches of SMA,including 2 with intestinal ischemia and 1 with partial intestinal necrosis.②Indirect signs:5 patients had bowel wall thickening,including 3 with intestinal ischemia and 2 with long segmental intestinal necrosis.Seventeen patients had bowel dilatation combined with effusion and air accumulation,with gas fluid level in local intestinal canal,including 2 with intestinal ischemia,5 with partial intestinal necrosis and 10 with long segmental intestinal necrosis.Two patients had pneumatosis intestinalis,with bubble shadow of bowel wall,showing long segmental intestinal necrosis.(4)Therapy and prognosis:of 6 patients with intestinal ischemia,1 underwent embolectomy of SMA and 5 underwent low-molecular-weight heparin anticoagulation and vasodilator alprostadil therapy.Eight patients with partial intestinal necrosis received resection of necrotic intestine.Of 12 patients with long segmental intestinal necrosis,5 with postoperative short bowel syndrome received resection of necrotic intestine combined with postoperative parenteral hyperalimentation.The above-mentioned patients were improved and discharged from hospital after symptomatic treatment and surgery.Twelve patients with long segmental intestinal necrosis,7 with total small bowel necrosis and partial colonic necrosis underwent only exploratory laparotomy and then were dead in a short time.Conclusion Elevated creatine kinase and main stem embolism of SMA combined with non-contrast of distal branches using CT angiography maybe predict poor short-term prognosis of patients with SMAE.