This paper introduces the standards and the market conditions of wheelchair in China, as well as the general quality of products of wheelchairs from the quality supervision and spot check, and puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the quality of wheelchairs in China.

Objective To measure the quality of manual wheelchairs made in China. Methods 20 wheelchairs was tested with ISO 7176-8, focused on the static strength, impact strength and fatigue strength. Results 8 (40%) wheelchairs passed the test. Conclusion The fatigue strength is the key factor of the wheelchair quality.

Objective To assess the effect of anti- Helicobacter pylori (Hp) treatment on patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (cITP). Methods Fifty-nine patients with cITP and positive-Hp were divided into two groups by random digits table:Hp eradication group (30 cases,given a standard anti-Hp treatment) and placebo controlled group (29 cases,received a placebo). The platelet response of two groups was compared after three months' follow-up. Result The platelet response in Hp eradication group (63.3%, 19/30) was significantly higher than that in placebo controlled group (27.6%,8/29 )(χ2 = 7.59, P ＜ 0.05 ), and the increasing level of platelet count in Hp eradication group [ (33.5 ± 21.6)× 109/L] was higher than that in placebo controlled group [(12.6 ± 19.5) × 109/L] (t = 5.52,P ＜0.05).Conclusion Hp eradication treatment can promote the platelet recovery in mild and moderate cITP patients with positive-Hp.

Objective To investigate the immunomodulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their role in prolonging allograft survival in rat heart transplantation. Methods Inbred Wistar rats were used as donors, and Fisher 344 as recipients. MSC were isolated from femur and tibia bone marrow of donors and cultured in vitro. Mixed lymphocyte reaction assays were performed to assess the immunosuppressive effects of different concentrations of MSC on allogeneic T cell proliferation. Cardiac allograft model was established and according to different intervention measures recipients were divided into two groups (MSC treatment group and control group) (n=8 in each group). In MSC treatment group, recipients were infused with 2×106 MSC via the tail vein at designated intervals (one week before operation, during operation and consecutive three days postoperation), while in control group, the recipients were treated with Ringer's solution at the same interval& At day 5 posttransplantation real-time PCR was used to detect the changes in the expression of Thl and Th2 cytokine genes in transplanted hearts. Results In vitro allogeneic T cell response was greatly suppressed by MSC in a dose-dependent manner. Real-time PCR revealed that IL-1β,IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 were expressed in MSC treatment group, while IL-4 and IL-10 were not expressed in control group but with significantly higher expression of IL-1β and IFN-γ. As compared with control group, survival of MSC-treated allografts was markedly prolonged as compared with control group (mean survivaldays: 12.4±5.3 vs 6.4±2.0, P＜0.05). Conclusion Intravenous adrninistmtion of MSC can prolong the survival of transplanted heart possibly by induction of allograft tolerance through changing Th1/Th2 balance.

Objective To evaluate the long-term effect of hepatic arterial embolization with pingyangmycin-lipiodol emulsion (PLE) in patients with cavernous hemangiomas of the liver (CHL)and its influence factors.Methods One hundred and fifty-six hemangiomas that were diagnosed by imaging examinations or confirmed pathologically by surgery in 105 patients with integral follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively in this paper.All hemangiomas were divided into 4 groups according to their size (the largest size of hemangioma)by the authors as follows; A group(≤3 cm, n=25); B group(>3 cm and<5 cm, n =32) ;C group(≥5 cm and<10 cm, n=58); and D group(> 10 cm, n=41) .According to the number of abnormal sinusoids filled with the contrast medium in the angiography, 156 hemangiomas of this series were further classified as three types: abundant type (n=90) ; sparse type (n=9) and the middle type (n=57) .Hepatic arterial embolization with PLE was performed in the 105 patients with total 135 procedures (including single procedure in 75 patients, twice procedures in 30 patients).All of the 105 patients were followed up 3 to 8 years(mean 4 years) using US, CT or MRI or DSA.The criteria for the evaluation of curative effect were classified as best, good, recovery and no change in this series, and the sum of best and good effects were defined as the total effective rate.Then, the total effective rate of single procedure between the A, B groups and C, D groups; and the total effective rate of single procedure and twice procedures in the D groups, were compared statistically by X~2 test respectively.And the influence factors, included of the variant size of hemangiomas, abundant or sparse of abnormal sinusoids and the number of treatment procedures, were also analyzed and evaluated respectively.Results The total effective rate of the 156 hemangiomas in 105 patients was 92.95% (145/156).After single procedure of hepatic arterial embolization with PLE, the total effective rate of A and B groups were 100% (57/57), that of C and D groups were 85.86% (85/99), and the difference reach significant (X ~2=8.8553, P<0.01).In the D group, the total effective rate in group with twice procedures (100.00%,30/30) was significant higher (X~2 =5.2642,P<0.05) than those of group with single procedure (72.73%,8/11).Of this series, during the period of following-up, no recurrent or severe complications were observed.Conclusions A best long-term curative effect (complete cure) is usually obtained in the small hemangiomas with abundant abnormal sinusoids, and a satisfactory long-term curative effect can also be achieved in the larger or multiple hemangiomas, particularly in those hemangiomas with abundant abnormal sinusoids by using the repeat procedures of hepatic arterial embolization with PLE.

Objective To investigate the clinical therapeutic effect of radiofrequency catheter ablation in treatment of atrial fibrillation. Methods The clinical data of 30 cases of patients with atrial fibrillation that had application of ra-diofrequency catheter ablation from November 2010 to January 2013 in our hospital were analyzed. Type of atrial fib-rillation: 26 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, 4 patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. Results There were 40 times of ablation, 30 patients reached the endpoint of ablation, average power of 25 W. Atrial fibrillation ablation in 30 patients were all successful, 1 cases only annular isolated right inferior pulmonary vein, and both of right and left inferior pulmonary vein isolation ring in 12 cases. In the follow-up period, there were no cases of pulmonary vein stenosis, cardiac perforation, pneumothorax, cardiac arrest and esophageal perforation. Vagal reflex occurred in 3 cases of atrial fibrillation patients, atropine injection after the return to normal. Among the 26 cases of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ablation conversion to sinus rhythm in 16 cases, all patients after 3 months of stopping amiodarone and propafenone antiarrhythmic drugs. Conclusion Transcatheter radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation can reduce heart failure and thrombosis and other complications, minimally invasive, and it has advantages of short operation time, good effect, which is worthy of promotion and application.

Objective To determine the prevalence of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG) and the distribution of blaTEM-135 gene variants in PPNG at several gonococcal antimicrobial surveillance sites in China, to compare N. gonorrhoeae multi-antigen sequence typing(NG-MAST)types of PPNG and its blaTEM-135 gene variants, and to assess the difference and association in NG-MAST types of blaTEM-135 gene variants among different regions. Methods A total of 572 N. gonorrhoeae isolates were collected at 6 gonococcal antimicrobial surveillance sites from Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Tianjin, Guangdong and Guangxi in 2012. After isolation, purification, and identification, cefalotin paper discs were used for detection of PPNG. DNA was extracted by QIAxtractor DX kits after cultivation of the PPNG strains. Then, mismatch amplification mutation assay (MAMA) PCR was performed to identify blaTEM-135 variants, and NG-MAST analysis to determine N. gonorrhoeae genotypes. Results Among the 572 N. gonorrhoeae strains, 38.1%(218/572) were identified as PPNG, and of the PPNG strains, 52.3% (114/218) were blaTEM-135 variants. The detection rate of PPNG at these surveillance sites from high to low was as follows: 51.7% (45/87, Zhejiang), 45.6%(36/79, Shanghai), 38.0% (78/205, Guangdong), 37.5% (12/32, Guangxi), 31.2% (24/77, Jiangsu) and 25.0%(23/92, Tianjin), and that of blaTEM-135 variants was as follows: 68.9%(31/45, Zhejiang), 58.3%(14/24, Jiangsu), 50.0%(39/78, Guangdong), 47.2%(17/36, Shanghai), 39.1%(9/23, Tianjin)and 33.3%(4/12, Guangxi). NG-MAST analysis showed that the ST2318, ST1768, ST1866, ST1053 and ST8726 types predominated among these bla TEM-135 variants, and a strong correlation was found between blaTEM-135 variants and some NG-MAST types, such as ST1768, ST1053 and ST8726 types. The distribution of NG-MAST types was significantly different between the surveillance site in Tianjin (in the Northern part of China) and the other sites (in the Southern part of China), but highly similar among the surveillance sites in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai regions. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of PPNG and its blaTEM-135 variants at several gonococcal antimicrobial surveillance sites in China, with significant differences in NG-MAST genotype distribution of PPNG and its blaTEM-135 variants among different regions.

BACKGROUND: LY01005 (Goserelin acetate sustained-release microsphere injection) is a modified gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist injected monthly. This phase III trial study aimed to evaluated the efficacy and safety of LY01005 in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial across 49 sites in China. This study included 290 patients with prostate cancer who received either LY01005 or goserelin implants every 28 days for three injections. The primary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients with testosterone suppression ≤50 ng/dL at day 29 and the cumulative probability of testosterone ≤50 ng/dL from day 29 to 85. Non-inferiority was prespecified at a margin of -10%. Secondary endpoints included significant castration (≤20 ng/dL), testosterone surge within 72 h following repeated dosing, and changes in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prostate specific antigen levels. RESULTS: On day 29, in the LY01005 and goserelin implant groups, testosterone concentrations fell below medical-castration levels in 99.3% (142/143) and 100% (140/140) of patients, respectively, with a difference of -0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], -3.9% to 2.0%) between the two groups. The cumulative probabilities of maintaining castration from days 29 to 85 were 99.3% and 97.8%, respectively, with a between-group difference of 1.5% (95% CI, -1.3% to 4.4%). Both results met the criterion for non-inferiority. Secondary endpoints were similar between groups. Both treatments were well-tolerated. LY01005 was associated with fewer injection-site reactions than the goserelin implant (0% vs . 1.4% [2/145]). CONCLUSION: LY01005 is as effective as goserelin implants in reducing testosterone to castration levels, with a similar safety profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04563936.
Humans ; Male ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use* ; East Asian People ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists* ; Goserelin/therapeutic use* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Testosterone