0.05). The positive rate of hnRNP A2/B1 in smoking patients was 80.0% (32/40), significantly higher than that in non-smoking patients (50.0%) (P

Objective To study the application effect of clinical pathway teaching in respiratory medicine. Methods Seventy clinical medical students of our department during 2007 to 2009 were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (35 students) was treated by traditional teaching ways, while the experimental group(35 students) was treated by clinical pathway teaching ways, with 5 to 6 students forming a small group. Teachers provided one copy of the CP version to each person in advance. Then progressive questions and discussions were conducted according to the diagnosis, dif-ferential diagnosis and treatment of CP. After its implementation for a certain time, students were co-mprehensively assessed by the practice examination and questionnaire and the statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 17.0 version statistics software. Results The experimental group's total aver-age score was (90.00±4.00) points, while the control group's total average score was (76.00±7.20) points. There was significant difference between the two groups(P=0.001). The effect of these two kinds of teaching was evaluated and compared in stimulating interest in learning (P=0.002), improving the analytical ability(P=0.004),improving self-study ability(P=0.001), deepening the under-standing of the basic concepts(P=0.112), improving the innovation ability (P=0.005), improving the efficiency of learning(P=0.034), improving clinical comprehensive ability(P=0.016), and improving the ability of language expression(P=0.000), showing that teaching method of clinical pathway could significantly improve clinical teaching effect, and there was statistically significant difference between them. Conclusion Clinical pathway teaching has obvious advantages in cultivating students' diagnostic thinking and clin-ical ability to solve practical problems, and therefore it has better clinical teaching effect than the tra-ditional teaching method.

Objective The clinical features of elderly patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) were atypical and these patients were often misdiagnosed as having paralytic ileus. The clinical presentations of elderly patients with SAP whose first diagnosis as paralytic ileus were analyzed. Methods 18 patients of elderly SAP who were misdiagnosed as having paralytic ileus were included and the clinical data were compared with 58 elderly patients with SAP. Results Among the misdiagnosis group, the first symptom onset were fleus, abdominal distension, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, diarrhea for 5, 4, 3, 3, 2, 1 case, respectively. Among SAP group, the first symptoms onset were 2, 31, 9, 3, 11, 2 cases, respectively. For misdiagnosis group, 13 cases were correctly diagnosed by CT scan, 3 cases by ultrasound and 2 cases by serum amylase test. For SAP group, 32, 15, 11 cases were diagnosed by CT scan, ultrasound and serum amylase, respectively (P < 0.05). 4 and 13 patients died in misdiagnosis and SAP group, respectively; among these 13 patients, 10 were female and 3 were male. Conclusions The elderly patients with paralytic ileus should consider the possibility of SAP, and CT scan was valuable for correct diagnosis.

Objective To study comparatively the clinical efficacy of pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFMlE)and surgical therapy in women with moderate stress urinary incontinence(SUI),in order to provide theoretical reference for finding an appropriate SUI treatment method. Methods 114 cases of women with moderate SUI were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group. The control group Wag given surgical thempy. while the treatment group was given the PFME treatment. After 12 weeks the clinical efficacy and quality of life of the two groups were evaluated, the cost-benefit was analyzed. Results The total effective rate of treatment group was 86.2%.higher than 83.9% of the control group. Compared with before treatment, the I-QOL scores of the two groups increased significantly, the ICIQ scores of the two groups decreased significantly, and the treatment group was significantly different compared with the control group. The cost-benefit analysis showed that the total medical cost and the spending cost of the total clinical effective rate increased l percent and the I-QOL increased 1 score were significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusions The PFME therapy of women with moderate SUI is the preferred treatment and it is worthy of promotion and application.

BACKGROUND: One of mechanisms involved in treating cerebral ischemia with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) implantation is paracrine action. However, few studies have reported this mechanism.OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effect of BMMSCs paracrine action on apoptosis and its mechanism after cerebral ischemia. METHODS: BMMSCs were isolated from rats with adherent culture. Rat cerebral ischemia model was established by the middle cerebral artery occlusion. A total of 24 rats were divided into 4 groups, with 6 animals in each group. Cell implantation medication group: rats were received U0126 medication after BMMSCs implantation; Non-implantation medication group: rats were received U0126 medication after PBS injection; Cell implantation control group: received solvent medication after BMMSCs implantation; Non-implantation control group: received solvent medication after PBS injection. At 7 days after operation, the expressions of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) and p-ERK1/2 protein were measured by Western blot analysis, and the apoptosis cells in the area of ischemic penumbra and cortex were examined by TUNEL. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The VEGF protein content in the brain tissue was significantly greater in the cell implantation groups than that of the non-implantation group, with increased p-ERK1/2 and decreased apoptosis cells. The expression of p-ERK1/2 was down-regulated in rats which were administrated U0126 while the number of the apoptosis cells was increased, but the VEGF protein expression had no statistical difference. It suggested that BMMSCs can paracrine VEGF in the striatum of brain and play an inhibitory effect on apoptosis in the ischemia area via activating ERK1/2.

BACKGROUNDThere is no any specific dynamic criterion in early diagnosis of lung cancer yet. The aim of this study is to obtain the cDNA sequence of hnRNP A2/B1 and then determine its expression in patients with lung cancer, and to provide experimental data for the early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.

METHODSTotal RNA was isolated from A549 cells and RT-PCR was performed. The fragment was cloned into PUCm-T plasmids and further sequenced. hnRNP A2/B1 expression was detected in 41 patients with lung cancer and 13 patients with carcinoma-free diseases by in situ hybridization.

RESULTSThe fragment was identified by DNA sequencing. The positive rate of hnRNP A2/B1 was 87.8% (36/41) in lung cancer tissues, which was significantly higher than that in control group (23.1%, 3/13) (P < 0.01). hnRNP A2/B1 was localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus, but mainly in the cytoplasm. Four subtypes of lung cancer all showed positive staining of hnRNP A2/B1 protein. The positive rate of hnRNP A2/B1 was 91.3% (21/23) in squamous cell carcinoma, and 78.6% (11/14) in adenocarcinoma (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONShnRNP A2/B1 has been cloned successfully. It can highly express in lung cancer tissues, but it does not correlate with histological classification of lung cancer.

Objective To isolate and identify the potential binding partners of LRRK2,a gene linked to both dominant familial form and sporadic form of Parkinson's disease,thus to further our knowledge of its function.Methods We used a sequence containing full-length of COR domain and part of ROC and MAPKKK domain as bait.The bait amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was then cloned into a yeast expression plasmid pGBKT7.After being sequenced and analyzed,pGBKT7-bait was transformed into the yeast strain AH109.Western blot was performed to confirm the expression of pGBKT7-bait in AH109 yeast strain.Then human fetal brain cDNA library was trarnsformed into that yeast strain.which could express pGBKT7-bait fusion protein.The yeast strain which contained pGBKT7-bait and human fetal brain cDNA library was plated on quadruple dropout medium (SD/-Trp/-Leu/-His/-Ade)containing X-a-gal.We retested these positive colonies using 2 independent yeast strains AH109 contained pGBKT7-bait or pGBKT7,respectively.At last,these plasmids isolated from these true positive colonies were analyzed by bioinformatics.Results We obtained 9 true positive colonies,these colonies were sequenced, and we performed sequence Blast in GenBank.Three colonies of the 9 positive colonies were not in open reading-frames.Among other 6 colonies,there were known proteins including spermatid perinuclear RNA-binding protein(STRBP)and BCL2-associated athanogene 5 isoform b(BAG5),as well as unknown proteins including tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type(PTPN23),1(3)mbt-like 3 isoform b(L3 MBTL3),RALY RNA binding protein-like isoform 1(RALYL),and Homo sapiens mRNA for KIAA1783 protein,partial cds(KIAA 1783).Conclusion True positive colonies of LRRK2 are successfully obtained by the yeast 2-hybrid.Our screened proteins may provide a new research clue for revealing biological functions of LRRK2,pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease,and other neurodegerations.

Antibodies are immunoglobulins specifically introduced by immunity response of high animals, with the responsibility for recognising and cleaning out specific antigens. Antibody is not only a powerful weapon against pathogen invasion in the organism, but also a tool for specific molecular recognition used in basic scientific research. The diversity of antibody molecules resulted in the concept of antibody library; each individual animal is a natural antibody library. In the post-genome era, in order to fit various "omics", especially for proteomics requirement of high throughput technology, some gene engineering antibody libraries and antibody alternative libraries have been constructed based on phage display technology. Yet, more and more in vitro display systems such as ribosome display, mRNA display have been used for antibody library study, and that present more advantages than phage display. This mini review outlines the genesis, development and application prospect of antibody libraries according to the published reviews and research articles, and offers up to date development and application prospect of antibody library technology.
Animals ; Antibodies ; genetics ; physiology ; Antibody Diversity ; genetics ; Antibody Specificity ; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques ; Gene Library ; Humans ; Peptide Library

G mutation of SLC26A4, the parents and the second child were carriers of the same mutation, while the fetus had a wild-type form. Conclusion It is feasible to identify deafness related genes by screening for GJB2 and SLC26A4 mutation, thus providing correct prenatal diagnosis and avoiding deaf delivery of baby.

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most important pathogens in shrimp farm throughout the world. Many researches on WSSV have been done, but no efficient approach has been gained to protect and cure the disease. In this study, we constructed a single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody library displayed on phage using spleen cells from mice immunized with denatured WSSV. After several rounds of panning respectively against purified intact WSSV virions and purified VP28 expressed in Escherichia coli, five novel scFv antibodies specifically against WSSV were selected, one of which, clone P75E8, recognized a linear epitope. The location in virions of the epitopes recognized by the five scFv clones was determined by immunoelectron microscopy. This study provides a new way to obtain more different antibodies specifically binding to WSSV, and especially provides a new strategy to obtain scFvs against linear epitopes.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; immunology ; Antigens, Viral ; immunology ; Epitopes ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin Fragments ; genetics ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region ; genetics ; immunology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Penaeidae ; virology ; Peptide Library ; White spot syndrome virus 1 ; immunology