In cardiac myocytes, Ca 2+ sparks origining fr om a single RyR or a few RyRs are triggered by a single L-type Ca 2+ channel or occur spontaneously. Ca 2+ sparks constitute the elementary local Ca 2+ release events from the SR. Ca 2+ sparks occur at Z-lines and rando mly distribute at different locations, the characteristics of the kinetics are r egulated by many factors. In addition, I Ca.T, Na+/Ca 2+ exchang e, I Ca(TTX) and IP 3 are other putative sources of Ca 2+ that tr igger SR Ca 2+ release.

Objective To examine the relationship of coping style,psychological capital and vocational selection anxiety for female college graduates.Methods A sample of 330 female college graduates filled out measures for the simplified coping styles questionnaire (SCSQ),Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) and vocational selection anxiety Questionnaire(VSAQ).Results Correlation analysis showed that except the self-efficacy and positive coping style collected with concerns about job prospects was not significant (r=-0.08-0.05,P＞0.05),each dimensions of PCQ and SCSQ significantly correlated with the each dimensions of VSAQ (r=-0.44--0.13 or r=0.21-0.28,P＜0.01).Regression analysis showed that negative coping style,resilience,hope and positive coping style could directly predict vocational selection anxiety.Psychological capital were the mediators between positive coping styles and vocational selection anxiety.Conclusion Coping styles and psychological capital are closely related to the female college graduates' vocational selection anxiety,using appropriate coping styles and improving mental ability can effectively reduce vocational selection anxiety.

Objective To study the effect of endoscopic treatment for acute appendicitis (AA)without perforation or gangrene.Methods A total of 94 patients with AA were randomly divided into operation group (n =45 ) to receive appendectomy,control group (n =15 ) to accept conventional medicine of metronidazole and Cefoxitin and colonoscopy group (n =34) to undergo conventional medicine plus endoscopic treatment.The time for alleviation of abdominal pain,duration and mean cost of the hospitalization,and the recurrence rate in one year were compared.Results Compared to operation group,colonoscopy group was superior in the duration [ (2.77 ± 0.27) d vs.(6.65 ± 1.68) d ] and mean cost of hospitalization [ ( 1011.35 ± 22.12) yuan vs.(4023.37 ± 32.02 ) yuan ] ( P ＜ 0.05 and P ＜ 0.01,respectively).There were no significant differences in the time for alleviation of abdominal pain or the recurrence rate in one year between 2 groups.Colonoscopy group was superior to control group in all the indices (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Endoscopic treatment for AA without perforation and gangrene is effective and safe,which can be considered as the first-line treatment.

Objective To explore the influence of EGFR gene interfering on the radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cells.Methods Three kinds of siRNAs including three random sequences of positive EGFR siRNA (EGFR siRNA1、EGFR siRNA2、EGFR siRNA3),random sequence of negative EGFR siRNA,and blank control were transfected into Eca109 cells by lipofectamine.Cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.Protein and mRNA expressions of EGFR were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR,respectively.The ability of cell clone formation was used to evaluate the combination effect of X-rays and EGFR siRNA on the radiosensitivity.Results The positive expression rate of the EGFR mRNA in the Eca109 ceils transfected with EGFR siRNA1,EGFR siRNA2,EGFR siRNA3 was 26.74％,9.52％,4.61％,respectively,which was significantly lower than 42.44％ in the control cells transfected with blank siRNA (F =112.11,P ＜ 0.01).Meanwhile,the EGFR protein expression was reduced by 72.84％,53.01％ and 56.21％ after interfering of siRNA1,siRNA2,and siRNA3,respectively.CCK8 assay showed that the proliferation of Eca109 cells was decreased by 28.2％ since the siRNA interference.Moreover,the D0,Dq and SF2 of the combined treatment group were lower than those of irradiation alone group and the sensitization enhancement ratio was 1.50.Conclusions EGFR siRNA can effectively inhibit EGFR gene expression and enhance the radiosensitivity of Eca109 cells.

OBJECTIVETo introduce the clinical application of venous nutrition flap pedicled by medial plantar artery of the hallux on the medical aspect of the foot.

METHODSBased on the anastomoses between the medial plantar artery of the hallux and the nutritional vein, the flap was designed with the perforator of medial plantar artery adjacent to the first metatarsal bone as the rotation point. The flap axis was along the vein at the medial aspect of the foot between rotation point and medial malleolus.

RESULTS5 cases were treated with primary healing and complete survival flaps. The patients were followed up for 1-12 months with good match of texture and color.

CONCLUSIONSThe venous nutrition flap pedicled by medial plantar artery of the hallux on the medical aspect of the foot can be transpositioned to repair the defect at forefoot.

Arteries ; Forefoot, Human ; Hallux ; blood supply ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Veins ; Wound Healing

Objective To assess the clinical value of interventional treatment for bone and soft-tissue tumors. Methods Selective angiography, transcatheter intra-arterial chemotherapy and/or embolization were performed in 28 patients with pathologically-proved bone and soft-tissue tumors. After treatment the clinical response and pathological changes were observed, and the results were analyzed. Results After transcatheter intra-arterial chemotherapy and/or embolization, relieving or even disappearing of the pain was seen in 23 patients, subside of soft-tissue swelling together with regression of the tumor was seen in 19 patients. Twenty-two patients underwent surgical resection of the lesion one week afte.r interventional treatment. Pathologically, cellular degeneration, necrosis and various degrees of liquefaction were demonstrated on the tumor specimen, which were more obvious in patients treated with embolization. Limp-sparing resection was adopted in 66.7% of patients (10/15). Conclusion lnterventional therapy is an effective method for bone and soft-tissue tumors and it is worth popularizing this technique in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: One of mechanisms involved in treating cerebral ischemia with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) implantation is paracrine action. However, few studies have reported this mechanism.OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effect of BMMSCs paracrine action on apoptosis and its mechanism after cerebral ischemia. METHODS: BMMSCs were isolated from rats with adherent culture. Rat cerebral ischemia model was established by the middle cerebral artery occlusion. A total of 24 rats were divided into 4 groups, with 6 animals in each group. Cell implantation medication group: rats were received U0126 medication after BMMSCs implantation; Non-implantation medication group: rats were received U0126 medication after PBS injection; Cell implantation control group: received solvent medication after BMMSCs implantation; Non-implantation control group: received solvent medication after PBS injection. At 7 days after operation, the expressions of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) and p-ERK1/2 protein were measured by Western blot analysis, and the apoptosis cells in the area of ischemic penumbra and cortex were examined by TUNEL. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The VEGF protein content in the brain tissue was significantly greater in the cell implantation groups than that of the non-implantation group, with increased p-ERK1/2 and decreased apoptosis cells. The expression of p-ERK1/2 was down-regulated in rats which were administrated U0126 while the number of the apoptosis cells was increased, but the VEGF protein expression had no statistical difference. It suggested that BMMSCs can paracrine VEGF in the striatum of brain and play an inhibitory effect on apoptosis in the ischemia area via activating ERK1/2.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the morphological features of the perforator from the first plantar metatarsal artery, so as to provide anatomic basis for the reconstruction of soft-tissue defects of the forefoot.

METHODSThe first metatarsophalangeal joint was chosen as the landmark on 30 human cadaveric feet prefused with red latex. The following contents were observed under surgical magnifier: (1)The origin, courses,branches,distribution of the perforator of the first plantar metatarsal artery; (2)The anastomoses among the perforator of the first plantar metatarsal artery and other arteries on the medial aspect of the foot. Simulated operation was performed on one fresh specimen.

RESULTSThe perforator of the first plantar metatarsal artery passed through the space between the tendon, the abductor hallucis and the first metatarsal bone, and its entry point into the deep fascia was located (2. 3 ± 0.7 ) cm proximal to the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The perforator anastomosed with either the medial tarsal artery, the medial anterior malleolus artery or the branch of the medial plantar artery on the superior margin of the abductor hallucis, forming a longitudinal arterial chain,through which small branches were given off to the skin of the medial aspect of the foot. The perforator was( 1. 1 ± 0.2) mm in diameter and(3.2 ± 0.2) cm in length.

CONCLUSIONThe flap based on the perforator of the first plantar metatarsal artery can be harvested as an axial flap to repair the defects of soft tissue on the forefoot.

Anatomic Landmarks ; anatomy & histology ; Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; Cadaver ; Foot ; Foot Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; blood supply ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint ; anatomy & histology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; anatomy & histology ; Perforator Flap ; blood supply ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

Objective To suty DSA features of the splencin artery which provides blood supply to the tumor in the patients with hepatic carcinoma,to improve the clinical results of interventional therapy.Methods DSA was performed in 3 patients with hepatic carcinoma and the blood supply of tumors by splenic artery was found.The DSA features were analysed and the interventional embolization was carried out at the same time.Results After super-selective embolization of the splenic artery,obvious reduction of the tumor-feeding microvessels and marked shrinking of the lesion were observed in all cases.Conclusion Splenic artery as one of the supply arteria to the tumors in hepatic carcinoma is very important to familiarize that in transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatic carcinoma.

Objective To establish a mouse ’ s cross-territory ear flap that enables chronic , in-vivo observation of the change of vascular morphology .Methods 30 ICR mice, weighing 25~40 g, were used for this study .Commercial depilatory cream was used to first remove the hair of the mice , after which the vascular pattern in the ears was investigated . According to the observation of the vascular pattern in the mouse ’ s ear, the eye scissors were used the sever the outer 2/3 of the base of the ear , in which process a ear ’ s flap based on a vascular pedicle but crossed three vascular territories was created.After the creation of the flap , the mice were placed on an automatic controlled movable machine with the ear ’ s flaps spread over a customized Plexiglas .Then the flaps were photographed under the stereoscope ( ×25) at the following time points:1,2,3,5,7,10,14,21,30 d.the necrosis of the flap, and the morphological change of the vessels within theflap were analyzed .Results The ICR mouse ’ s ear was supplied three angiosomes , which were respectively named as the cephalic , median and caudal angiosomes from inside out .Five days after the flap’s creating, necrotic rate of(15 ±7)%was developed .The choke vessels between the medial and median angiosomes expanded rapidly in diameter , reaching the plateau 10d after flap creation, resulting the dilated choke veins and arteries at their peak being 3.9 ±0.5 and 3.5 ±0.7, respectively, than their initial sizes.The diameter of the choke veins began to shrink at approximately 10d, stabilizing after 21d.The diameter of the choke arteries plateaued and stabilized at around 10d.Conclusion ①after harvest of extended flap, the dilation of veins seemed to passive , whereas the dilation of arteries seemed to active;②the number of the choke vessels between the dynamic and potential territories that are involved in dilation and extent of the dilation are much smaller than that of the choke vessels between the anatomic and dynamic territories;③the mouse ’ s ear flap is an excellent model of further study of mechanism underlining the dilation of choke vessels and for the screening of vasoactive drugs that augment the survival of the large flap .