No abstract available.
Hepatitis E virus* ; Hepatitis E* ; Hepatitis* ; Korea*

Hepatitis type E virus (HEV) is a significant infectious zoonotic disease that causes hepatitis E. The disease is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated water or food and is transmissible between species and genera. The causative agent for the disease is the hepatitis type E virus, which is a member of the Hepadnaviridae family and a single-stranded RNA virus. Its 7.2 kb genome mainly contains three open reading frames (ORFs): ORF1 encodes a non-structural polyprotein that mediates viral replication and transcription; ORF2 encodes a capsid protein and free antigen that induce neutralizing antibodies; ORF3 partially overlaps with ORF2 and encodes a small multifunctional protein involved in virion formation and release. HEV has a unique dual life cycle: it is excreted into feces in the form of naked virions but circulates in the blood in the form of "quasi-enveloped" particles. The two kinds of virus particles adsorb and penetrate the host cell in distinct ways, then internalize and decapsulate to replicate the genome, thereby producing more virion and releasing it outside the cell to mediate the virus's spread. This paper reviews the morphological characteristics, genome structure, encoded proteins, and function of HEV virus-like particles in order to provide a theoretical basis for basic research and comprehensive disease prevention and control.
Humans ; Hepatitis E virus/genetics* ; Hepatitis E

Hepatitis E ; diagnosis ; Humans

A community based study was realized from 1996 to 1998 on 400 school children in An Phu district (an outbreak occurred in 1994) and Tan chau district (control district), An Giang province. After 3 years of follow up the results showed that the HEV prevalence in school children was not a high. Prevalence of HEV infection was 21.6% (in An Phu) and 8% (in Tan Chau). Sero-conversion rate in An Phu and in Tan Chau after 1 year of follow-up was 0.7% and 1.2%, and after 2 years was 5.1% and 1.9% respectively. Prevalence of HEV infection of family members of HEV(+) school-children was 14.7%, while this prevalence of HEV(-) school-children was 5.9% living together in the same household might be one of risk factors for HEV transmission. Against a background of low anti-HEV prevalence, and low sero-conversion in an area of previous outbreak occurrence, the potential of epidemic transmission among a 'succeptible population' remains high, particularly in flooding season
Hepatitis E ; transmission ; child

The nucleotide sequence from position 5966 to 6582 of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) genome was determined from a Vietnamese isolate obtained from the acute-phase sera of a sporadic case of acute hepatitis. This sequence was compared with the corresponding sequences of 17 HEV strains deposited in GenBank. This analysis revealed that the Vietnamese strain of HEV belongs to genotype 1 closely related to the Myanmar, India, and Nepal subtypes. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated genotype-specific nucleotides and aminoacids within this region
Hepatitis E ; viruses

To determine whether animals in the An Phu district, An Giang province are naturally infected with HEV, the 93 chickens and 25 goats were examined for IgG to HEV by using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibodies to HEV were detected in chickens (44%), pigs (36%), dogs (27%) and rats (9%) but no in any of goats examined. IgG to HEV was detected in 24% of these cases and the prevalence of IgG to HEV among schoolchildren living in this area was 21%.
Hepatitis E ; Immunoglobulins

Clinical ; Hepatitis E

Child ; Hepatitis E ; Humans

No abstract available.
Hepatitis E virus* ; Hepatitis E* ; Hepatitis* ; Korea* ; Prevalence*

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B e Antigens* ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis*