Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Lichen Planus, Oral ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology

Adult ; Blood Donors ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; HIV Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Biopsy ; China ; epidemiology ; Fatty Liver ; complications ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; virology ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Metabolic Syndrome ; epidemiology ; etiology ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; Risk Factors

The mortality due to chronic liver disease, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), ranks as one of the highest in Korea. The prevalence rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in the general Korean population are approximately 1 and 5%, respectively. Blood transfusion was the strongest risk factor for the transmission of HCV infection. Therefore, the evaluation of risk factors for HCV infection including blood transfusion, intravenous drug user, hemophilia, and hemodialysis, is important. The most prevalent HCV genotype is 1b followed by 2a. The annual incidence of HCC among HCV-related liver cirrhosis has been estimated at 5%, and approximately 12% of HCC is attributable to HCV and 68% to HBV in Korea. HCV infection is more closely associated with HCC in elderly patients than HBV-related HCC. Even though the prevalence of anti-HCV in Korea has been reduced and the risk of HCV transmission through blood transfusion has markedly decreased, public-health programs to prevent de novo infections should be developed. This review describes the HCV prevalence and risk factors among the general population, and the distribution of HCV genotypes as well as the clinical course of HCV in Korea.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*virology ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus/genetics/isolation & purification ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/*complications/*epidemiology ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Cirrhosis/*virology ; Liver Neoplasms/*virology ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors

Adult ; Aged ; B-Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; pathology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver ; pathology ; Lymphoma ; etiology ; pathology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Staining and Labeling

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and its relation to HCV genotypes, and to confirm whether diabetes is an exohepatic manifestation of CHC.

METHODSSandwich hybridization microplate assays and fluorescence quantification PCR technology were used to detect HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HCV genotypes of 308 chronic hepatitis C patients and 305 chronic hepatitis B patients. The incidence of diabetes in these patients was compared and analyzed with that in 310 controls.

RESULTSThe incidence of diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C was 32.79%, higher than that in patients with chronic hepatitis B (9.84%) and in the control group (8.39%). Serum levels of ALT and TBIL in hepatitis C patients with diabetes were higher than those without diabetes. Infection rate of HCV 1b in hepatitis C patients with diabetes was the highest (40.59%), and when compared with that of those without diabetes the difference was very significant.

CONCLUSIONIncidence of diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C is high, especially those infected with HCV 1b, and the liver functions of these patients are more severely damaged.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; virology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged

Animals ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Fatty Liver ; epidemiology ; etiology ; virology ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; complications ; virology ; Hepatitis C ; blood ; complications ; virology ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Metabolic Syndrome ; etiology ; Mice ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides ; blood

BACKGROUNDTo study the relationship between HCV infection and the development of type II diabetes mellitus.

METHODS1. The case record files of 126 patients with chronic hepatitis C vs. 227 with chronic hepatitis B were reviewed and the laboratory and demographic data were extracted. 2. Anti-HCV and HBsAg were determined for 160 type II diabetes patients and 223 healthy adults by ELISA.

RESULTS1. The occurrence of diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C was 19.05%, higher than 8.37% in patients with chronic hepatitis B (P<0.01). Age and HCV infection were independent risk factors for diabetes. 2. Five patients with type II diabetes were anti-HCV positive (3.12%) while none of the 223 healthy adults was anti-HCV positive (P<0.05). Seven patients with diabetes (4.37%) and 12 healthy adults (5.38%)were HBsAg positive (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONS1. The occurrence of diabetes was significantly higher in patients with HCV related liver disease than in patients with HBV related liver disease. 2. The occurrence of anti HCV was higher in diabetes patients than in healthy adults. HCV may play a role in the development of diabetes mellitus.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Random Allocation ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Enhanced replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is well described in the setting of moderate to severe immunosuppression. The aims of this retrospective study were to determine the incidence of enhanced HCV replication in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing transarterial chemolipiodolization (TACL) and to identify the factors associated with enhanced replication of HCV. The clinical pattern of enhanced HCV replication was compared with hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation during TACL. METHODS: This study enrolled 49 anti-HCV-seropositive patients who were diagnosed with HCC between January 2005 and December 2010 and who underwent TACL using epirubicin and/or cisplatin with consecutive HCV RNA copies checked. For comparison, 46 hepatitis B surface antigen1-positive patients with HCC who were treated with TACL were also enrolled. The frequency, associated factors, and clinical outcomes of enhanced HCV replication were analyzed and compared with those of HBV reactivation during TACL. RESULTS: Enhanced replication of HCV occurred in 13 (26.5%) of the 49 anti-HCV-seropositive patients during TACL. Of these 13 patients, 4 developed hepatitis, but none of the subjects developed decompensation due to the hepatitis. No significant clinical factors for enhanced HCV replication during TACL were found. Compared with HBV reactivation, the frequency of hepatitis attributed to enhanced HCV replication was significantly lower than that for HBV reactivation (8.2% vs. 23.9%, P=0.036). CONCLUSIONS: TACL can enhance HCV replication; however, the likelihood of hepatitis and decompensation stemming from enhanced HCV replication was lower than that for HBV reactivation in patients undergoing TACL.
Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents/*administration & dosage/adverse effects/pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications/*therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/*adverse effects ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Hepacivirus/drug effects/*physiology ; Hepatitis B/complications/epidemiology/virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood ; Hepatitis B virus/drug effects/*physiology ; Hepatitis C/complications/epidemiology/virology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/complications/*therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Virus Activation ; *Virus Replication

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Fatty Liver ; complications ; Female ; Glucose Metabolism Disorders ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; virology ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; virology ; Humans ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Retrospective Studies