In 2.504 blood donors, Abbott Determine test was used to promptly detect HbsAg. By the quick test HbsAg was detected on 7.51% of donors. 25.49% of donors gave their blood though they had knew his infection of HBV. By rapid screening test for HbsAg in the donors, the percentage of cencelling tranfusion reduced from 11.1% to 0.52%. Previous screening by rapid test for HbsAg, it was prevented from using the blood of HBV infected donors. Each year a sum of billion VND was saving for cancelling transfused blood.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Blood ; Tissue Donors

The rate of HBsAg carriers among blood donors at at Thua Thien Hue province during 5 years (1997 - 2001) is relative high, with 13.57% on average. At the same time, the incidence of HCV infection is lower than other areas (with mean 0.64%). The rate of HBsAg carrier is higher in rural than in Hue city (14.72% vs. 12.27%). The young adults in precincts have higher HBsAg incidence than in other groups.
Blood Donors ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis C Antibodies

In 1997, the Blood Bank in ViÖt §øc hospital discovered 14 cases of HIV1 positive: 1 case was not enough serum to make further test, 1 was regular donor with HIV positive, Anti HCV negative, HBsAg negative. The incidence of Anti HCV (Hepatitis C) was 12/13 positive (92.3%). The incidence of heroin users was 12/13 (92.3%). The incidence of HBsAg (Hepatitis B) was: 1/13 positive (7.8%).
HIV ; Hepatitis C virus ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Blood Donors

OBJECTIVE: To understand the infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV) in blood donors, and to evaluate the effectiveness and necessity of TMA technology for HBV-DNA screening in blood donors. METHODS: Using the ELISA/NAT model, routine serology test and NAT were performed in the 169 160 donors，including voluntary blood donors and some of donors returned to donor team. For some donors with test positive NAT, nucleic acid identification test was performed. And the HBsAg neutralized and confirmed assay would conduct in blood donors with unilateral HBsAg positive and HBV-DNA negative result. RESULTS: Among 169 160 donation cases-times, the donors of bilateral positive of HBsAg detection was 803, accounted for 0.476%; donors of unilateral positive was 243, accounted for 0.144%. For 40 specimens with HBV-DNA negative, unilateral HBsAg positive, the neutralization and confirmed assay was performed.In result, only 4 specimens were confirmed to be HBsAg positive, the confirmed positive rate was 10%. Among detected 1003 specimens with HBV-DNA positive specimens, both HBsAg and HBV-DNA positive were 739, the consistency rate between 2 kinds of detection was 73.7%. The comparision of positive rate detected by using 3 kinds of reagents showed that there were statistical differences (P＜0.05); moreover, there were statistical difference in positive rate detected by using Murex reagent and In Tec reagent (P＜0.0125). The comparison of detected rate of HBsAg and HBV-DNA during March 2016-February 2017 showed no statistical difference (P＞0.05). Among 60 blood donors with HBsAg and HBV-DNA who has retured to the donor team, 1 donor presented the transformation of HBsAg from negative to positive, suggesting the HBV infection of window period, HBsAg of the other 59 was negative. The detection of HBV-DNA showed that the HBV-DNA in 28 donors was negative, and the HBV-DNA in 31 donors was positive, 1 donor showed HBV-DNA was uncertain. CONCLUSION The routine TMA technology combined with ELISA HBsAg can effectively shorten the window period for detection of HBV infection, effectively detect the occult HBV infection, and reduce the potential risk of hepatitis B spread due to blood transfusion.
Blood Donors ; DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the reentry situation of HBsAg single reagent reactive blood donors in Anhui province, and to verify the rationality and effectiveness of reentry strategy of blood donors in Anhui province. METHODS: Shielded blood donors who were HBsAg single reagent reactive might voluntarily apply for returning to the team of blood donors after the shield of 6 months. Blood bankstaff that shielded those donors should draw blood and conduct screening tests. Samples from donors who were HBsAg negative should be delivered to Anhui Blood Center to conduct the reentry detections. Shielded blood donors were allowed to return to the team if the results of HBsAg test, neutralization test, HBcAb test and nucleic acid test were negative. RESULTS: 109 person-portions of samples for returning to team from September 2013 to December 2016 were delivered to Anhui Blood Center. After reentry tests, 60 of them were negative, 8 cases were positive, while 41 cases were undetermined, and the qualified rate was 55.05%.25 negative donors were from Hefei, 20 of them donated blood again and were negative. CONCLUSION The shielding and reentry strategy of blood donors with HBsAg single reagent reactive in Anhui province is rational and effective. However, there are still some deficiencies in trace of donors and information transmission, which needs to be further improved.
Blood Donors ; DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of reentry in HBV reactive blood donors and feasibility of HBV reentry strategy. METHODS: HBsAg⁺ or HBV DNA⁺ donors who had been quarantined for more than 6 months in Jiangsu Province could propose for reentry application. Blood samples were routinely screened by dual-ELISA for HBsAg, anti-HCV, HIV Ab/Ag, and anti- Treponema pallidum and those non-reactive ones were tested by minipool nucleic acid testing (NAT) for three times. To identify occult HBV donors, samples of NAT non-reactive were further tested by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for HBV seromarkers (including HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, and HBcAb). Donors of only 4 ECLIA patterns were accepted to reentry, including all 5 HBV seromarkers negative, anti-HBs only but having history of hepatitis B vaccine injection, HBcAb only, HBsAb⁺ / HBcAb⁺ with HBsAb more than 200 IU/L. Additionally, the detection rate of HBV infection was compared between routine screening mode and ECLIA, as well as the reentry qualified rate of HBsAg⁺ and HBV DNA⁺ blood donors. RESULTS: From Oct. 2016 to Aug. 2019, a total of 737 HBV reactive donors had applied for reentry, including 667 HBsAg⁺ reactive and 70 HBV DNA⁺ reactive donors. Among 3 screening methods, the highest HBV detection rate (43.15%, 318/737) was observed on ECLIA, while only 4.75% (35/737) on ELISA and 3.12% (23/737) on NAT, respectively. Among 4 qualified patterns of HBV serological markers, the highest proportion was found in the all negative group (22.90%, 155/677), followed by the group with HBsAb⁺ only and history of hepatitis B vaccine injection (19.35%, 131/677), and the median concentration of HBsAb was 237.7 IU/L. The unqualified rate of HBV DNA⁺ donors was 82.86%, which was significantly higher than 47.98% of HBsAg⁺ donors. CONCLUSION Routine screening tests merely based on ELISA and NAT could miss occult HBV donors and may not be sufficient for blood safety. HBsAb concentration and vaccine injection history should be included in the evaluation of HBV reactive donors who intend to apply for reentry. There is a relatively larger residual risk of occult HBV infection in blood donors quarantined for HBV DNA reactive.
Blood Donors ; DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics* ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between serum HBsAg concentration and HBV replication level in hepatitis B patients with positive serum HBsAg and HBeAg, and to explore the possibility of using serum HBsAg concentration as a marker of HBV replication level in hepatitis B patients with positive serum HBeAg. METHODS: HBV DNA level and serum HBeAg, HBsAg concentration of 296 patients with positive serum HBsAg and HBeAg were quantitatively detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) and time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRIFA) respectively. HBsAg concentrations were compared among patients with different HBV DNA levels, and HBV DNA levels were compared among patients with different HBsAg concentrations. The correlation between serum HBsAg concentration and DNA replication level were analyzed. The positive, negative predictive values and coincidence rates were speculated by various HBsAg concentrations. RESULTS: If HBV DNA positive was defined as HBV DNA levels no less than 10(5) copy/mL, then 228(77.03%) patients were classified as HBV DNA positive. HBsAg concentration was positively correlated with HBV DNA replication level, but among groups with various DNA replication levels, HBsAg concentration showed no significant statistical difference (P>0.05). If the patients were divided into 2 groups, HBsAg concentration (180 microg/L) was served as the cutoff level, the DNA positive rate of the group with HBsAg concentration no less than 180 microg/L was significantly higher than that with HBsAg concentration less than 180 microg/L (chi(2)=3.998, P<0.05). DNA positive rates and average DNA levels showed no significant statistical differences between the 2 groups, if HBsAg concentrations other than 180 microg/L were used as the cutoff level. Positive predictive values, negative predictive values and the coincidence rates speculated by various HBsAg concentrations as cutoff values did not show any significant statistical difference in estimating HBV replication levels. CONCLUSION To some extent, serum HBsAg concentration is related to HBV DNA replication level in hepatitis B patients with positive serum HBsAg and HBeAg, but it is not feasible to use HBsAg concentration to monitor their HBV replication levels.
DNA, Viral ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; virology ; Humans ; Virus Replication

<b>OBJECTIVEb>Establish a kind of confirmation method based on ELISA, and use to verify authenticity of HBsAb + in HBsAg + HBsAb + serum, pick and get rid of the false masculine gender the result, and avoid the mistake diagnosis.

<b>METHODb>Collect 60 pieces of serum whose thick degree of HBsAg at 1000 COI above tested by ECLIA as confirm serum, mixed the confirm serum of different dilution with HBsAb positive serum to screen and verify best thick degree of HBsAg. Collected 40 pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum, ELISA tested the descend rate of HBsAb COI after neutralized with confirm serum in order to confirm authenticity of HBsAb + in pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum.

<b>RESULTb>When thick degree of HBsAg is 2000 COI, the performance of neutralization to HBsAb is best. The ELISA confirmatory test is fully consistent with the ECLIA method with true positive of 37 pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum while false-positive of 3 pieces of serum.

<b>CONCLUSIONb>The ELISA confirm method is a simple, accurate and low cost initial validation method.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; immunology ; Humans

A convenient, highly sensitive and highly specific method using time-resolved fluoro immunoassay (TRFIA) for quantitative detection of hepatitis B virus is described. Using EU-DTTA as the tracer molecule, the assay showed a detection range of the standard curves of 0.2-300 ng/ml for HbsAg with a sensitivity of 0.05 ng/ml. The within-run coefficient of variations for standard samples were less than 10%, and the correlation coefficient between radioimmunoassay and TRFIA assay results reached 95% for the same sample, demonstrating the advantages of TRFIA for its wide detection range, high sensitivity and simple operation and its great potentials for clinical use.
Fluoroimmunoassay ; methods ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity

<b>OBJECTIVEb>Establish a confirmatory test based on ELISA, and use to verify the authenticity of HBsAg weak positive samples, pick and get rid of the false result, and avoid the mistake diagnosis.

<b>METHODb>The particles (reagent A) coated by streptavidin and biotinylated HBsAb (reagent B) were mixed in different proportions, then neutralized with serum whose the COI of HBsAg > 20 by ELISA in order to identify the activity of HBsAb in confirmatory reagent. 30 pieces of HBsAg weak positive serum neutralized with the confirmatory reagent, the serum were considered to be positive if rate of decline of HBsAg COI > 50%. The results were compared to Roche confirmatory Kit.

<b>RESULTb>Confirmatory reagent was able to neutralized with HBsAg. 24 of 30 pieces of HBsAg weak positive samples were judged to be positive, while 6 poeces were negative. The ELISA comfirm method is fully consistent with Roche confirmatory Kit.

<b>CONCLUSIONb>The ELISA confirmatory test for suspicious HBsAg positive samples is a simple, accurate and low cost initial validation method, After further clinical trials, should be widely applied.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; diagnosis ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Humans