Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; immunology ; Humans ; Immune System

Hepatitis B ; blood ; epidemiology ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; immunology ; Humans

<b>OBJECTIVEb>Establish a kind of confirmation method based on ELISA, and use to verify authenticity of HBsAb + in HBsAg + HBsAb + serum, pick and get rid of the false masculine gender the result, and avoid the mistake diagnosis.

<b>METHODb>Collect 60 pieces of serum whose thick degree of HBsAg at 1000 COI above tested by ECLIA as confirm serum, mixed the confirm serum of different dilution with HBsAb positive serum to screen and verify best thick degree of HBsAg. Collected 40 pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum, ELISA tested the descend rate of HBsAb COI after neutralized with confirm serum in order to confirm authenticity of HBsAb + in pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum.

<b>RESULTb>When thick degree of HBsAg is 2000 COI, the performance of neutralization to HBsAb is best. The ELISA confirmatory test is fully consistent with the ECLIA method with true positive of 37 pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum while false-positive of 3 pieces of serum.

<b>CONCLUSIONb>The ELISA confirm method is a simple, accurate and low cost initial validation method.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; immunology ; Humans

<b>OBJECTIVEb>Through detecting the standard preparation with series of concentration to indirectly calculate the anti-HBs concentration of the serum samples, a suitable anti-HBs quantitative method for our laboratory was found after comparing the two kinds of methods.

<b>METHODSb>Detecting the anti-HBs standard preparation with series of concentration by RIA method, standard curvilinear equations were obtained by the means of fitting the detected result and the corresponding concentration by log-log model and exponential curve model respectively. Then the fitting efficiency of two curves was compared. By calculating the concentrations of the reference using two standard curvilinear equations, we can compare the accuracy of two quantitative methods.

<b>RESULTb>The error mean square of the exponential curve model is low as 1.2971 and the determinate coefficient is close to 1 with the value of 0.9904. The average concentrations (n=6) of the detected reference calculated by two curvilinear equation with the actual concentration of 30.0 mIU/mL are (32.28 +/- 1.06) and (31.91 +/- 1.06) mIU/ mL respectively. The concentration calculated by exponential curve model is only 6.37% higher than the actual concentration.

<b>CONCLUSIONb>Fitting by exponential curve model is more practical to estimate the actual concentration of the serum samples those will be detected. It can be used as an optimal quantitative method to detect anti-HBs concentration.

Hepatitis B ; blood ; immunology ; virology ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; immunology ; Hepatitis B virus ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Radioimmunoassay ; methods

<b>OBJECTIVEb>To analyze the information of the supplementary card for hepatitis B and the laboratory confirmed result of immunoglobulin M antibody to hepatitis B virus (HBV) Core Antigen (anti-HBc IgM) for the suspected acute hepatitis B to evaluate the hepatitis B report data on pilot surveillance.

<b>METHODSb>200 counties were established in China for hepatitis B pilot surveillance and 63 641 cases were reported. We added a supplementary card in National Notificable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS) and all the reported hepatitis B cases in NNDRS were required to fill the supplementary card. Venous blood 5 ml was collected and a confirmed test of anti-HBc IgM was made for suspected acute hepatitis B. We made confirmed diagnosis for the suspected acute hepatitis B according to the supplementary card information of the reporting card and the confirmed test result of anti-HBc IgM.

<b>RESULTSb>63 641 hepatitis B cases were reported in 200 hepatitis B pilot surveillance counties in 2013. Among 1 723 cases which were filled with the HBsAg positive within six months in supplementary card, 735 cases were reported as chronic hepatitis B, the proportion was 42.66%. Among 4 582 cases which were filled with anti-HBc IgM positive in supplementary card, 2 436 cases were reported as acute hepatitis B, the proportion was 53.16%. 1 829 cases were reported as chronic hepatitis B, the proportion was 39.92%. The validity cases of the information for liver puncture and the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) transform during the recovery period in supplementary cards for all the reporting cases were 579 and 4 961, and the rate were 0.91% and 7.80%, respectively. 4 302 suspected acute cases were made confirmed diagnosis, and 1 197 cases (27.82%) were confirmed acute and 2 590 cases (60.20%) were confirmed chronic.

<b>CONCLUSIONb>Clinical doctors failed to make full use of the information of supplementary cards to make classification diagnose for hepatitis B. Suspected acute hepatitis B with anti-HBc IgM positive should be pay attention to follow up and further distinguish acute or chronic hepatitis B according to the HBsAg transform.

China ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Sentinel Surveillance

<b>OBJECTIVEb>To investigate the positive ratio and clinical significance of PreS1Ag and anti-PreS1 in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

<b>METHODSb>428 patients with chronic HBV infection were collected, these patients were divided into e antigen-positive CHB group, e antigen-negative CHB group, inactive HBsAg carrier group and HBsAg serum conversion group. The difference of positive ratio of PreS1Ag and anti-PreS1 among all groups or between every two groups were analyzed; The relationship of PreS1Ag and anti-PreS1 with HBV M and HBV DNA were also analyzed. SPSS13.0 software was used for statistical treatment. Fourfold table chi-square test or matched-pairs chi-square test was used for enumeration data, and independent sampler t test or rank-sum test was used for measurement data.

<b>RESULTSb>The differences of PreS1Ag among four groups were statistically significant (X2=141.7, P<0.05). The positive ratio of PreS1Ag in e antigen-positive CHB group was 95.7%, followed by 82.8% in e antigen-negative CHB group, 13.2% in inactive HBsAg carrier group and 2.2% in HBsAg serum conversion group. The difference of positive ratio of anti-PreS1 between HBsAg seroconversion group and HBsAg positive group was statistically significant (X2=6.919, P<0.05), which indicated that anti-PreS1 had good correlation with HBsAg seroconversion. The average absorbance ratio of PreS1Ag in high viral replication group (179.30) was higher than that in low viral replication group (133.87), statistical significance appeared (Z=-3.86, P<0.05). Though the difference of absorbance ratio of anti-PreS1 between two groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05), descent trend was apparent with virus replication level ascending. We analyzed the concordance of anti-HBs and anti-PreS1 by matched-pairs chi-square test, result showed no statistical significance of detection rate between them, X2=0.262, P>0.05. Serum PreS1Ag, HBeAg or HBcAg in liver tissue in reflecting hepatitis B replication had correlation with HBV DNA (X2=33.840, 24.159, 4.854 in order, P<0.05). Correlation coefficient between PreS1Ag and HBV DNA was higher (r=0.628) than that between HBeAg and HBV DNA (r=0.563).

<b>CONCLUSIONb>PreS1Ag was more sensitive than HBeAg in diagnosing viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Anti-PreS1 as protective antibody may be involved in clearance of hepatitis B, positive result indicated recovery of chronic hepatitis B.

Adult ; Female ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein Precursors ; blood ; immunology

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; virology ; Humans

<b>OBJECTIVEb>To evaluate safety and immunogenicity of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine in HBsAg carriers and healthy children.

<b>METHODSb>One hundred and twenty-one healthy children and ten HBsAg carriers, aged 1-10 years HAV susceptible were enrolled in the study. The inactivated hepatitis A vaccine was produced by Tangshan Biogenetic Company. The dosage of the vaccine was 1000 U/Dosage and 500 U/Dosage. The vaccination schedule was six month apart for two injections. The serum anti-HAV level was detected with EIA at one month after first injection and at one and six month after the booster injection, respectively.

<b>RESULTSb>The anti-HAV appeared in all the children. One month after the booster injection, the serum anti-HAV level in children vaccinated 500 U/Dosage was 4684.9 mIU and 4535.6 mIU, respectively and in the children vaccinated 1000 U/Dosage, 5399.8 mIU and 7347.1 mIU, respectively. The anti-HAV level was not statistically different between the two groups of children. There was no adverse reaction after the vaccination. The anti-HAV level was still high one year after first injection.

<b>CONCLUSIONSb>The data indicated that the safety and immunogenicity of the domestic inactivated hepatitis A vaccine were excellent in both groups of children.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Hepatitis A Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis A Vaccines ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Humans ; Immunization ; Infant ; Vaccines, Inactivated ; immunology

Occult HBV infection is characterized by the absence of serum HBsAg with persistence of low level of intrahepatic HBV DNA. Several suggested mechanisms for the origin of occult HBV infection include strong suppression of viral replication and gene expression, mutation in the regulatory regions of HBV genome, formation of immunoglobulin-bound HBsAg, viral interference, and blockage of HBsAg secretion from infected hepatocytes. Standardized assays are not yet available, and sensitive HBV DNA amplification assay is necessary for the diagnosis of cryptic infection. Detection rate of HBV DNA is highest in IgG anti-HBc positive population. However, neither anti-HBc nor anti-HBs can be detected in a significant proportion of infected persons. Occult HBV infection occurs in a number of clinical settings and is highly prevalent in HCV-infected patients as well as in patients with cryptogenic chronic liver disease including hepatocellular carcinoma.
DNA, Viral/analysis ; Hepatitis B/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/metabolism ; Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens/immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood ; Humans

<b>OBJECTIVEb>To determine the main genotype of hepatitis B virus (HBV) detected from Tibetans in China and provide basic data for hepatitis control and prevention.

<b>METHODSb>The S gene and C gene were amplified by PCR from the sera of HBsAg positive Tibetans. After sequencing, the gene sequences were analyzed and the phylogenetic trees were drawn by the software MEGA3.

<b>RESULTSb>In trees based on S gene, the sequences of most samples clustered at genotype D, while in trees based on C gene, the sequences of all samples clustered at genotype C.

<b>CONCLUSIONb>The dominant genotype of HBV detected from Tibetans in China is a C/D hybrid.

Genotype ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; genetics ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Tibet ; epidemiology