2.Research progress on systemic lupus erythematosus overlapping organ-specific autoimmune diseases.
Xingxing WANG ; Panpan WANG ; Xuyan YANG
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences 2018;47(4):435-440
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multiorgan-involved autoimmune disease, and it can overlap organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroid diseases, autoimmune hepatitis and inflammatory bowel disease. There may be some association between SLE and these autoimmune diseases, such as common immunological and genetic basis, but the pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. This review focuses on current knowledge regarding the prevalence and possible pathogenesis of SLE overlapping the above three autoimmune diseases.
Autoimmune Diseases
;
complications
;
epidemiology
;
Hepatitis, Autoimmune
;
complications
;
epidemiology
;
Humans
;
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
;
complications
;
epidemiology
;
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
;
complications
;
epidemiology
;
Prevalence
;
Research
;
trends
;
Thyroiditis, Autoimmune
;
complications
;
epidemiology
4.Hepatitis D: advances and challenges.
Zhijiang MIAO ; Zhenrong XIE ; Li REN ; Qiuwei PAN
Chinese Medical Journal 2022;135(7):767-773
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis with rapid progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although discovered > 40 years ago, little attention has been paid to this pathogen from both scientific and public communities. However, effectively combating hepatitis D requires advanced scientific knowledge and joint efforts from multi-stakeholders. In this review, we emphasized the recent advances in HDV virology, epidemiology, clinical feature, treatment, and prevention. We not only highlighted the remaining challenges but also the opportunities that can move the field forward.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications*
;
Hepatitis B virus
;
Hepatitis D/epidemiology*
;
Hepatitis Delta Virus/genetics*
;
Humans
;
Liver Cirrhosis/etiology*
;
Liver Neoplasms/complications*
5.Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2013;62(3):160-164
Many studies have suggested that occult HBV infection has a substantial clinical relevance to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Occult HBV infection is an important risk factor for the development of cirrhosis and HCC in patients without HBsAg. As a matter of fact, occult HBV infection is one of the most common causes of crytogenic HCC in endemic areas of HBV. However, there still are controversial issues about the association between occult HBV infection and HCC according to the underlying liver disease. In alcoholic cirrhosis, occult HBV infection may exert synergistic effect on the development of HCC. However, there is insufficient evidence to relate occult HBV infection to hepatocarcinogenesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In cryptogenic HCC, occult HBV infection may play a direct role in the development of HCC. In order to elucidate the assocciation between occult HBV infection and HCC, underlying liver disease must be specified and larger number of cases must be included in future studies.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*complications/*diagnosis/epidemiology
;
DNA, Viral/analysis
;
Hepatitis/complications
;
Hepatitis B/*complications/*diagnosis/epidemiology
;
Hepatitis B virus/genetics
;
Humans
;
Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/complications
;
Liver Neoplasms/*complications/*diagnosis/epidemiology
;
Risk Factors
6.Prevalence of HCV Antibody and its Associated Factors: A Study from Sentinel Hospitals in China.
Peng XU ; Guo Wei DING ; Xiao Chun WANG ; Shao Dong YE ; Fa Xin HEI ; Jie Jun YU ; Qing YUAN ; Zhong Fu LIU ; Jian LI
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023;36(4):334-342
OBJECTIVE:
The prevalence and related factors of serum anti-HCV in different regions and hospitals have not been studied extensively in China. We used routine screening data to determine the prevalence of HCV antibody in hospital patients, evaluate the epidemic trend of hepatitis C and formulate screening strategies.
METHODS:
Patient information and HCV antibody testing results were collected from January 2017 to December 2019 in 77 HCV sentinel hospitals in China. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the characteristics and associations.
RESULTS:
HCV antibody prevalence rates were distinct among patients in different departments, with a range of 0.33%-6.93%. Patients who were admitted to the liver disease-related departments (a OR = 10.76; 95% CI, 10.27-11.28), Internal Medicine (a OR = 2.87; 95% CI, 2.75-3.00), and Department of Surgery (a OR = 1.95; 95% CI, 1.87-2.04), were more likely to be tested for HCV antibody positive. HCV antibody prevalence was associated with patients aged 45 years and older (a OR = 2.74; 95% CI, 2.69-2.80), testing in infetious disease hospitals (a OR = 2.33; 95% CI, 2.26-2.40) and secondary hospitals (a OR = 1.72; 95% CI, 1.69-1.75). Patients in sentinel hospitals of the Northeast (a OR = 12.75; 95% CI, 12.40-13.11), the Central (a OR = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.61-1.70), and the West (a OR = 1.78; 95% CI, 1.73-1.83) China had higher HCV prevalence than those who were in the Eastern coastal area.
CONCLUSION
Those who were over 45 years old and saw doctors for liver diseases, and invasive diagnosis and treatment should be referred to HCV antibody testing.
Humans
;
Middle Aged
;
Prevalence
;
Hepatitis C/complications*
;
Hepacivirus
;
Hospitals
;
Hepatitis C Antibodies
;
China/epidemiology*
;
Risk Factors
7.Trends in mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study.
Guiying CAO ; Jue LIU ; Min LIU
Chinese Medical Journal 2022;135(17):2049-2055
BACKGROUND:
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both potentially life-threatening acute and chronic liver disease. China has the world's largest burden of hepatitis B and is considered to be a major contributor toward the goal of World Health Organization (WHO) of eliminating hepatitis B virus (HBV) as a global health threat by 2030. This study aimed to analyze data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to determine the trends in mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B in China between 1990 and 2019 and the gap with the WHO's goal.
METHODS:
Annual deaths and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) of liver disease due to hepatitis B in China between 1990 and 2019 were collected from GBD 2019. We calculated the percentage changes in deaths and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of ASMRs of liver disease due to hepatitis B.
RESULTS:
In China, deaths of total liver disease due to hepatitis B decreased by 29.13% from 229 thousand in 2016 to 162 thousand in 2019, and ASMR decreased by an average of 4.92% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.45-5.39%) per year in this period. For the spectrum of liver disease due to hepatitis B, deaths decreased by 74.83%, 34.71%, and 23.34% for acute hepatitis, cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases, and liver cancer from 1990 to 2019, respectively, and ASMRs of acute hepatitis (EAPC = -7.63; 95% CI: -8.25, -7.00), cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases (EAPC = -4.15; 95% CI: -4.66, -3.65), and liver cancer (EAPC = -5.17; 95% CI: -6.00, -4.33) decreased between 1990 and 2019. The proportions of older adults aged ≥70 years among all deaths of the spectrum of liver disease due to hepatitis B increased from 1990 to 2019. Deaths of liver cancer due to hepatitis B increased by 7.05% from 2015 to 2019.
CONCLUSIONS
Although a favorable trend in the mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B was observed between 1990 and 2019, China still faces challenges in achieving the WHO's goal of eliminating HBV as a public threat by 2030. Therefore, efforts to increase the coverage of diagnosis and treatment of liver disease due to hepatitis B, especially of liver cancer due to hepatitis B, are warranted in China.
Humans
;
Aged
;
Global Burden of Disease
;
Hepatitis B/complications*
;
Hepatitis B virus
;
Liver Cirrhosis/complications*
;
China/epidemiology*
;
Liver Neoplasms/etiology*
8.A review on the relationship between metabolic syndrome and chronic hepatitis B.
Henry Lik-yuen CHAN ; Jun-ping SHI
Chinese Journal of Hepatology 2009;17(11):807-808
Biopsy
;
China
;
epidemiology
;
Fatty Liver
;
complications
;
Hepatitis C, Chronic
;
complications
;
virology
;
Humans
;
Insulin Resistance
;
Liver Cirrhosis
;
complications
;
diagnosis
;
epidemiology
;
Metabolic Syndrome
;
epidemiology
;
etiology
;
RNA, Viral
;
blood
;
Risk Factors
10.Coinfection with HBV and HCV in 128 AIDS patients infected through blood transmission.
Yun HE ; Qing-xia ZHAO ; Ying-jie REN ; Li-min DING
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae 2006;28(5):662-664
OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical features of 128 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients infected through blood transmission who were coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV).
METHODSThe prevalence, liver functions, and some immunological profiles of 128 AIDS patients coinfected with HBV and HCV were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTSAmong the 128 AIDS patients, 107 (83.6%) were coinfected with HCV, among which 40 (31.3%) patients had abnormal liver functions or liver damage and 15 (11.7%) patients experienced hepatitis symptoms. Three (2.3%) AIDS patients were singly coinfected with HBV, and all of them had abnormal liver functions and hepatitis symptoms. Seven (5.5%) patients were coinfected with HIV/HCV/HBV and none of them had abnormal liver functions or hepatitis symptoms. Eleven (8.6%) patients were only infected with HIV.
CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of blood-transmitted HIV patients coinfected with HCV is higher than with HBV. The clinical outcomes of HIV coinfection with HCV and HBV are different.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis C ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Transfusion Reaction