PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of 3 dimensional-volume MR imaging technique for demonstrating the facial nerves and to describe MR findings in facial palsy patients and evaluate the significance of facial nerve enhancement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the MR images of facial nerves obtained with 3 Dimensional-volume imaging technique before and after intravenous administration of Gadopentetate dimeglumine in 13 cases who had facial paralysis and 33 cases who had no facial palsy. And we analyzed the detectabilty of anatomical segments of intratemporal facial nerves and facial nerve enhancement. RESULTS: When the 3 Dimensional-volume MR images of 46 nerves were analyzed subjectively, the nerve courses of 43(93%) of 46 nerves were effectively demonstrated on 3 Dimensional-volume MR images. Internal acoustic canal portions and geniculate ganglion of facial nerve were well visualized on axial images and tympanic and mastold segments were well depicted on oblique sagittal images. 10 of 13 patients(77%) were visibly enhanced along at least one segment of the facial nerve with swelling or thickening, and nerves of 8 of normal 33 cases(24%) were enhanced without thickening or swelling. CONCLUSION: MR findings of facial nerve paralysis is asymmetrical thickening of facial nerve with contrast enhancement. The 3 Dimensional-volume MR imaging technique should be a useful study for the evaluation of intratemporal facial nerve disease.
Acoustics ; Administration, Intravenous ; Facial Nerve Diseases ; Facial Nerve* ; Facial Paralysis ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Geniculate Ganglion ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Paralysis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the significance of transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE) of pseudoaneurysmcomplicating pancreatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was based on a retrospective analysis of eightcases, in which TAE for the control of pseudoaneurysm complicating pancreatitis was attempted. All patients weremales, and were aged between 35 and 65(mean, 47) years. Seven had a history of episodes of chronic pancreatitisand one case was the result of acute pancreatitis. All patients underwent diagnostic angiography andsuperselective embolization. RESULTS: Arteries in which pseudoaneurysm had occurred were the gastroduodenal(n=5), inferior pancreaticoduodenal (n=1), superior mesenteric artery root (n=1), and the celiac axis (n=1). Sixcases were treated successfully without complications, but in two, embolization failed due to a wide aneurysmalneck arising from the superior mesenteric artery root and celiac axis. In four successful cases, pseudoaneurysmswere completely resolved within three to six months of embolization. One of the other two remained as apseudocyst, while in the other, also a pseudocyst, surgery was performed. CONCLUSION: Because TAE in patientswith pseudoaneurysm complicating pancreatitis has a high success rate, and also leads to absolute resorption of apseudocyst, TAE is the preferred pre-surgical treatment mode.
Aneurysm, False* ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Humans ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; Pancreas ; Pancreatitis ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To assess the usefulness of three-dimensional spiral CT angiography in the diagnosis and as a guide for the treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a recent one-year period, CTA and conventional angiography were performed in 12 patients with suspected ASO. From the upper margin of the third lumbar vertebral body to below the knee joint, helical CT scanning was performed 30-45 seconds after the injection of Ultravist 370(150-180ml) by a power injector at the rate of 2.5-3.0ml/sec via the antecubital vein. The resulting data were reformatted by SSD after reconstruction of 5mm intervals, and CTA was compared with CA for site and degree of stenotic or occlusive lesion. RESULTS: On CTA and CA, twenty-three occlusive lesions above the tibioperoneal artery were detected in 12 patients. On CA, three mild seven moderate and eight severe stenoses were seen, as well as five occlusions. There were three cases of overgrading and three of undergrading. Overall diagnostic accuracy was 73.9%(17/23). Calcifications were detected at on axial CT scanning in the two of three underestimated lesions. Migration of the thrombi was noted in one case. CONCLUSION: CTA may be useful in the evaluation of the arteries of the lower extremities, and valuable in the planning and follow-up of treatment.
Angiography* ; Arteries* ; Arteriosclerosis Obliterans ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Lower Extremity* ; Silver Sulfadiazine ; Tomography, Spiral Computed* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Veins

PURPOSE: To assess the usefulness of percutaneous drainage of abscess in the treatment of emphysematous pyelonephritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten cases of nine patients with emphysematous pyelonephritis were percutaneously drained. All were suffering from diabetes mellitus. The procedure was performed under fluoroscopic guidance in nine cases and US guidance in one case in which bilateral multiloculated abscesses were present in the perirenal spaces. The results were classified as cure, partial success, recurrence, or failure. The mean drainage period and complication were analyzed. RESULTS: Eight cases were cured, and there was one partial success. In one case, who had diffuse renal parenchymal destruction without perirenal fluid collection, the treatment failed. The longest drainage period was 45 days, in a case of re-insertion due to incidental catheter removal ; the mean was 23 days. Bacteremia in one case was cured with antibiotic therapy which lasted two days. CONCLUSION: In diabetic patients, percutaneous drainage of abscess is thought to be a safe and effective method for the treatment of emphysematous pyelonephritis, and is one that does not involve diffuse destruction of renal parenchyma.
Abscess* ; Bacteremia ; Catheters ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Drainage* ; Humans ; Pyelonephritis* ; Recurrence

The enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been recently used in the periodontal regenerative techniques. The present study was established to investigate the influence of EMD on human periodontal ligament cells using expression of mRNA of periodontal ligament specific gene (PDLs)17, PDLs22, type I collagen when EMD applied to periodontal ligament cells. Periodontal ligament cells were obtained from a healthy periodontium and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) plus 10% fetal bovine serum and beta-glycerophosphate with ascorbic acid. Test groups were two; One adds EMD in culture media and another added EMD and Dexamethasone (DEX) in culture media. Positive control group added DEX in culture media, and negative control group adds niether of EMD nor DEX. Emdogain(R) (Biora, Sweden, 30 mg/ml) was diluted by 75 microgram/ml concentration to culture media. For reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), total RNA isolated on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. mRNA of PDLs17 was expressed on days 14 and 21 in EMD or DEX group, and expressed on days 7, 14 and 21 in EMD plus DEX group, the other side, expressed on days 21 in negative control group. mRNA of PDLs22 expressed on days 7, 14 and 21 in EMD group, and expressed on days 14 and 21 in DEX group, and expressed on days 7, 14 and 21 in EMD plus DEX group. Negative control group expressed on days 14 and 21. Type I collagen was expressed on all days and all groups. These results indicate that EMD promotes differentiation of periodontal ligament cells, and this is considered to offer basis that can apply EMD to periodontal tissue regeneration technique.
Ascorbic Acid ; Collagen Type I ; Culture Media ; Dental Enamel* ; Dexamethasone ; Humans* ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Periodontium ; Regeneration ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger ; Sweden

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the underestimation rate of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) on sonographically guided 14-gauge core needle biopsy of the breast and to investigate the factors associated with this underestimation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 2990 consecutive lesions that underwent sonographically guided 14-gauge core needle biopsy between January 2005 and December 2008. Among them, 61 lesions were pathologically proven to be DCIS (2.04%). A total of 50 DCIS lesions (mean patient age: 50.7 years old, age range: 36-79 years old) that underwent surgical resection were included in this study. After surgery, the lesion proven to be invasive was defined as being in the underestimated group and the lesion proven to DCIS was defined as being in the correctly diagnosed group. We determined the underestimation rate of DCIS and we retrospectively reviewed and compared the clinical, pathologic and radiologic features of the two groups. RESULTS: The underestimation rate of DCIS was found to be 28% (14 of 50 lesions). The underestimation of DCIS was significantly frequent for a clinically palpable lesion (78.6% (11/14) vs. 30.5% (11/36), respectively, p = 0.002). The sonographically maximal diameter of a lesion was significantly larger in the underestimated group than that in the accurately diagnosed group (28.4 +/- 14.0 mm vs. 17.6 +/- 10.3 mm, respectively, p = 0.017) and underestimation was significantly frequent when the sonographic lesion size was > 20 mm (p = 0.012). There was no significant difference in terms of age, the lesion type, the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category or the pathologic features between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The underestimation rate of DCIS was 28% for sonographically guided 14-gauge core needle biopsy of the breast. Clinical symptoms such as a palpable lesion and a sonographic lesion size > 20 mm were the factors related with the underestimation of DCIS.
Biopsy, Large-Core Needle ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Humans ; Information Systems ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Dental Enamel* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

No abstract available.
Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

Angiography and transcatheter embolization were performed in 12 patients with massive UGI bleeding from March 1990 to Feburuary 1996. These patients were all men of a mean age of 46 years (range, 33~76 years). Causes of bleeding were duodenal ulcer(5 cases), pseudoaneurysm(3 cases) due to chronic pancreatitis, hemobilia(2 cases) due to trauma, gastric mucosal injury(1 case) due to drug ingestion. Celiac arteriography and superior mesenteric arteriography were performed. Embolization was done in 12 patients. Embolic agents were steel coils. Eleven patients show an extravasaton of contrast media on angiography. In one patient who shows no extravasation, an pseudoaneurysm in gastroduodenal artery was found. Sources of bleeding were gastroduodenal artery(8), right hepatic artery(2), left hepatic artery(1), and left gastric artery(1). Bleeding was successfully controlled in all 12 patients. Two patients, however, rebled and an operation was performed. In one patient with pseudoaneurysm, bleeding recurred 13 days after embolization. This patient underwent second embolotherapy and operation 14 days later. There were no complication related to the procedure. Angiographic localization and transcatheter embolization can be an safe and effective treatment for massive UGI hemorrhage, especially in patients considered poor candidate for operation.
Aneurysm, False ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Contrast Media ; Eating ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; Steel

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of the MR urography (MRU) in the diagnosis of hydroureteronephrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients with hydronephrosis (26 cases) underwent MR urography, using a 1.5T MR scanner (Signa Horizon, GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, U.S.A). The causes of hydronephrosis included benign ureteral stricture (12), ureteral stones (8) and malignant strictures (6), and were confirmed by operation, biopsy, conventional urography or clinical follow up. For MRU, a fat suppressed, respiratory-triggered, heavily T2-weighted fast spin echo (FSE) pulse sequence was used, and the 3-dimensional MR images were subsequently processed by a maximum-intensity-projection algorithm. We evaluated the success rate of MRU and its accuracy in determining the level and cause of obstruction, and compared the degree of hydroureteronephrosis seen on MRU with that seen on conventional urography. RESULTS: In all cases, a urogram was successfully obtained. In determining the degree of hydroureteronephrosis and the level of obstruction (in the upper ureter in 11 cases, in the mid-ureter in four, and in the lower ureter in 11), MRU findings matched those of conventional urography. In 24/26 cases (92%), MRU accurately determined the cause of urinary tract obstruction ; the two exceptions were in cases involving ureteral stones. CONCLUSION: MRU is a promising, noninvasive diagnostic method for evaluating hydroureteronephrosis, especially in children, pregnant women and patients with an allergic reaction to iodinated contrast material.
Biopsy ; Child ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Hypersensitivity ; Pregnant Women ; Ureter ; Urinary Tract ; Urography*