No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome*

In a series of 20 young rats, three cortical lesions were made in each hemisphere. Two of these lesions were filled with avitene and gelfoam, while the third was left empty as a control. The animals were killed successively on weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8 after the operation. The results were as follows : 1) Although there was no difference in the type of tissue reactions, avitene was more rapid and profound than gelfoam in the process and degree of inflammatory reaction at the same periods. 2) Avitene biodegradaded more rapidly than gelfoam. 3) The extent of fibrosis and adhesion to the surrounding brain tissues were not grossly different between these two agents but more profound histopathologically in avitene at the same periods. With these results, we could conclude that the avitene was superior to the gelfoam as the hemostatic agent in neurosurgical area.
Animals ; Brain* ; Collagen ; Fibrosis ; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable ; Rats

No abstract available.
Child* ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Humans

Nerve conduction studies help delineate the extent and distribution of the neural lesion. The nerve conduction was studied on upper (median, ulnar and radial nerves) and lower (personal, posterior tibial and sural nerves) extremities in 83 healthy subjects 23 to 66 years of age, and normal values were established (Table 1). The mean motor terminal latency (TL): median, 3.6 (±0.6) milliseconds; ulnar, 2.9 (±0.5) milliseconds; radial nerve, 2.3 (±0.4) milliseconds. Mean motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) along distal and proximal segments: median, 61.2 (±9.1) (W-E) and 57.8 (±13.2) (E-Ax) meters per second; ulnar, 63.7 (±9.1) (W-E) and 50.6 (±10.0) meters per second. Mean sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV): median, 34.7 (±6.7) (F-W), 63.7 (±7.1) (W-E) and 62.8 (±12.3) (E-Ax) meters per second; ulnar, 38.0 (±6.7) (F-W), 63.4 (±7.5) (W-E) and 57.0 (±10.1) (E-Ax) meters per second; radial, 45.3 (±6.8) (F-W) and 64.2 (±11.0) (W-E) meters per second; sural nerve, 43.4 (±6.1) meters per second. The amplitudes of action potential and H-reflex were also standardized. Mean H latency was 28.4 (±3.2) milliseconds. And, the fundamental principles, several factors altering the rate of nerve conduction and clinical application of nerve stimulation techniques were reviewed.
Action Potentials ; Adult* ; Extremities ; H-Reflex ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Neural Conduction* ; Radial Nerve ; Reference Values ; Sural Nerve

No abstract available.
Audiometry*

We report a case of Eosinophilia- Myalgia syndrome with central nervous system (CNS) involvement following ingestion of the essential amino acid, tryptophan. The Eosinophilia- Myalgia syndrome can be diagnosed when there is a severe myalgia and peripheral eosinophilia in the absence of other diseases causing eosinophilia. This condition has been associated with the ingestion of the tryptophan in many cases, but the amount and duration of ingestion have been yet to be elucidated. Although many cases have been reported, few cases involved the CNS. We present a 28 year- old male who complained of a severe myalgia and disorientation after taking the taken tryptophan for 2 weeks. Thorough examination revealed the peripheral eosinophilia, vasculitis on brain MRI, abnormal VEP, and muscle atrophy on muscle biopsy. Symptoms improved with the steroid pulse after discontinuation of the tryptophan.
Biopsy ; Brain ; Central Nervous System* ; Eating* ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Muscular Atrophy ; Myalgia ; Tryptophan* ; Vasculitis

The classification of thoracolumbar spinal injuries has been based on morphological criteria, mechanism or both. Recently Denis and Macfee insisted no the middle column of the spine but their classification is useful as a morphologic description. Especially, the classification and decision of treatment are difficult in the burst fracture. So we have applied the new classification described by Gertzbein that considers the morphologic patterns and mechanism of injury and compared with another classifications. We studied 28 cases of the thoracolumbar burst fracture who were treated and followed up at Wonkwang university hospital from May, 1988 to March, 1992. We classified burst fracture according to the three kind of classifications and CT finding. 1. The burst fracture associated with flexion-distraction injury was revealed 5 cases(about 18%). 2. In the treatment, Type A injuries requires the use of distractive and type B requires compressive forces in the correcting the deformity.
Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Spinal Injuries ; Spine

Anticoagulant(heparin, warfarin) or thrombolytic agent(urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator) can be one of the causes of spontaneous ICH. Even though ICH related with anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents represent low incidence and slow progression, the final outcome usually very poor. Recently the use of anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents have been increased for recanalization of cerebral and myocardial infarction. Therefore, the importance of possible ICHs related to these agents need to be reemphesized. The authors analysed 18 patients of ICH related with anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents to evaluate the underlying mechanism, their characters, the factors which influence the formation of ICH and the prognosis. Eighteen cases of ICH related with anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents were analysed through the medical record, operation record and brain CT. In this study, patients in sixth decade showed the highest incidence. The most common primary disease was middle cerebral infarction(67%). Urokinase was most commonly infused for recanalization of cerebral and myocardial infarction. The mean duration between drug administration and hemorrhagic attack was 59 hours(with range from 1 hour to 96 hours). After onset of the hemorrhage, fourteen of eighteen cases revealed prolonged prothrombin time more than 1 1/2 to 2 times of control and nine of fourteen cases revealed prolonged thrombin time more than 1 1/2 to 2 times of cotrol. The mean volume of ICH was 31cc and locations of hemorrhage were lobar(45%), ganglionic(22%), thalamic(22%) and cerebellar(11%) in decreasing orders. Brain CT scans revealed that 12 cases were single hematoma and 6 cases were multiple hematoma. Twelve cases were treated conservatively and six cases were operated with stereotactic surgery(3 cases) and open craniotomy (3 cases). One case with stereotactic surgery and the other case with craniotomy were reoperated because of rebleeding and retained hematoma, respectively. The neurological condition before administration of anticoagulants and thromb-olytic agents was relatively good, but suddenly deteriorated after hemorrhage attack. Almost all cases(94%) prese-nted poor porgnosis as wholly dependent, vegetative and dead at discharge except one case of small cerebellar ICH. In this study, previously existed infarction and anticoagulants itself contributed to the occurrence of intracerebral hemorrhage. The prolonged prothrombin time may be useful predictable value in the formation of ICH. Although we could not find definitive factors to influence the prognosis, the mortality rate of multiple hematoma was much higher than single hematoma. The final outcome of these patients were very poor. Therefore, the choice of agents, dosage and duration of administration should be considered more judicious.
Anticoagulants* ; Brain ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Craniotomy ; Fibrinolytic Agents* ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Plasminogen ; Prognosis ; Prothrombin Time ; Thrombin Time ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

Two patients with traumatic aneurysm were children below 10 years and the aneurysmal sac located at the peripheral branch o f the anterior cerebral artey. One of the traumatic aneurysm had been found by rupture of aneurysmal sac during medical treatment under the impression of traumatic cerebral hemorrhage. The other had been found during disabiliy evaluation with unruptured status. In the latter case, traumatic aneurysm was suspected by the small sized enhancing lesion below the falx cerebri in Brain CT scan and confirmed by transfemoral carotid angiography. We clipped neck of these traumatic aneurysm successfully. So. we report these two cases of traumatic aneurysms with review of the literatures.
Aneurysm* ; Angiography ; Arteries* ; Brain ; Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic ; Child ; Humans ; Neck ; Rupture ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed