Objective To exPlore the effect of samPle_solVent comPositions on the determination of AstragaliⅣby high Performance liquid chromatograPh_ eVaPoratiVe light scattering detector ( HPLC_ELSD ) . Methods Radix astragali and ganduqing granules serVed as samPles. Methanol,90%methanol,80%methanol,70%methanol,32%acetonitrile,15%acetonitrile, and water were samPle solVents. HPLC_ELSD was used to determine content of astragalosideⅣ. Results The results showed that the 90%methanol solution was an aPProPriate samPle solVent with good system suitability,Precision,accuracy,and,linearity etc. . Conclusion This method benefits the quality control of astragalosideⅣin Radix astragali and agents containing Radix astragali.

Dry eye(DE)is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder arising from numerous pathologies. The pathogenesis of DE includes immune inflammation, oxidative stress, changes in tear film composition, corneal nerve abnormalities, and meibomian gland dysfunction. Among them, the immune inflammatory response is the most crucial in the pathogenesis of DE, which is regulated by both innate and acquired immune responses on the ocular surface. Multiple environmental stresses trigger the ocular surface innate immune response leading to corneal epithelial cell damage and inflammation and activate acquired immunity to participate in the ocular surface immune inflammatory response. Currently, multiple immune cells and inflammatory factors have been shown to be involved in the occurrence and development of DE. This article reviewed the immune progress and focused on the initiation and maintenance of acquired immunity in DE. Through the analysis of the latest viewpoints and research hot spots, we systematically introduced the immunomodulating mechanism underlying the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of DE and provided references for the prevention and treatment of DE.

Stroke is the main cause of death and disability among adults in China and is characterized by high incidence， disability， mortality， and recurrence rates. The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine has great potential in treating stroke and its sequelae. The classic traditional Chinese medicine prescription Da Chengqitang （DCQT） has a long history and proven efficacy in treating stroke. Clinically， DCQT is often used to treat stroke and its sequelae. However， the number and quality of clinical trials of DCQT in treating stroke need to be improved. Because of the insufficient basic research， the active ingredients and multi-target mechanism of action of DCQT remain unclear. Our research group has previously confirmed that DCQT can effectively reverse neurological damage， reduce iron deposition， and downregulate the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the rat model of hemorrhagic stroke. The treatment mechanism is related to the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）-mediated signaling pathway and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling-mediated microglia activation. To clarify the pharmacodynamic basis and anti-stroke mechanism of DCQT， this article reviews the research progress in the treatment of stroke with DCQT in terms of clinical trials， pharmacodynamic material basis， safety evaluation， and mechanisms of absorbed components. This article summarizes 45 major phytochemical components of DCQT， 11 of which are currently confirmed absorbed components. Among them， emodin， rhein， chrysophanol， aloe-emodin， synephrine， hesperidin， naringin， magnolol， and honokiol can be used as quality markers （Q-markers） of DCQT. The mechanism of DCQT in treating stroke is complex， involving regulation of inflammatory responses， neuronal damage， oxidative stress， blood-brain barrier， brain-derived neurotrophic factor， and anti-platelet aggregation. This article helps to deeply understand the pharmacodynamic basis and mechanism of DCQT in treating stroke and provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of DCQT in treating stroke and the development of stroke drugs.

Inflammatory injury of the intestine is often accompanied by symptoms such as damage to intestinal mucosa, increased intestinal permeability, and intestinal motility dysfunction. Inflammatory factors spread throughout the body via blood circulation, and can cause multi-organ failure. Pyroptosis is a newly discovered way of programmed cell death, which is mainly characterized by the formation of plasma membrane vesicles, cell swelling until the rupture of the cell membrane, and the release of cell contents, thereby activating a drastic inflammatory response and expanding the inflammatory response cascade. Pyroptosis is widely involved in the occurrence of diseases, and the underlying mechanisms for inflammation are still a hot spot of current research. The caspase-1 mediated canonical inflammasome pathway of pyroptosis and caspase-4/5/8/11-mediated non-canonical inflammasome pathway are closely related to the occurrence and development of intestinal inflammation. Therefore, investigation of the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis in intestinal injury in sepsis, inflammatory bowel diseases, infectious enteristic, and intestinal tumor is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of intestinal inflammatory injury.
Humans ; Pyroptosis ; Inflammasomes/metabolism* ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 1 ; Inflammation

Animals ; Bleomycin ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Lung ; Male ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Simvastatin/pharmacology*

自噬是细胞内一种高度保守的生理过程，可通过溶酶体系统降解过量或受损的细胞器、有毒的蛋白聚集体和病原体等。最新研究表明，海马钙素样1（HPCAL1）可作为特异性自噬受体和铁死亡的正调节因子。HPCAL1可选择性降解钙粘素2（CDH2），加速脂质过氧化，促进癌细胞铁死亡。iHPCAL1是抑制HPCAL1的小分子化合物，可抑制Erastin诱导的肿瘤细胞铁死亡。此外，它还可以抑制铁死亡诱导的急性胰腺炎。本文通过对HPCAL1在铁死亡中的具体作用机制进行概述，为HPCAL1作为铁死亡相关疾病的潜在治疗靶点提供新思路和理论依据。
Ferroptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Autophagy

Objective: To explore relationship between self-control and health risk behavior among orphans in middle schools. Methods: A total of 415 orphans and 352 non-orphans in middle schools were selected from Hunan, Liaoning, Sichuan, Guangdong and Fujian during Oct. 2017 to Apr. 2018. All the participants were surveyed with the Adolescent Health Related Risky Behavior Inventory (AHRBI) and the Self-Control Scale (SCS). Results: All the orphans in ordinary middle schools obtained significant higher scores in AHRBI (1.76±0.70) than students in orphan schools (1.55±0.40) and non-orphans (1.50±0.37) (P<0.01). Students in orphan middle schools showed significant higher scores in SCS (3.37±0.56) than orphans in ordinary middle schools (3.07±0.63) and non-orphans (3.13±0.60) (P<0.05). Selfcontrol of orphans was significantly associated with 44% lower risk of health risk behaviors (P<0.05). Conclusion Self-control could be seen as a protective factor for health risk behaviors among orphaned children and adolescents. The environment of orphan schools is beneficial to the development of self-control, and thus helps preventing health risk behaviors among orphaned children.

OBJECTIVE: To study the use of mobile phone sports software by the staffs of Centers for Disease Control( CDC)and its impact on their health. METHODS: Using cluster random sampling method,291 staff members of CDC in 7 prefecture-level cities in Hunan Province were selected as research subjects. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the use of mobile phone sports software,and the Sub-Health Scale was used to investigate their health status.The impact of mobile phone sports software on their health was analyzed. RESULTS: The usage rate of mobile phone sports software was 28. 5%(83/291). The utilization rate of mobile phone sports software in postgraduate staffs was higher than that of undergraduates,college graduates and those with less than bachelor's degree( P < 0. 01). The usage rate of mobile exercise software of the CDC staff whose BMI was 18. 5 ~ kg/m~2 was lower than those whose BMI was 24. 0 ~ or 28. 0 ~kg/m~2(P < 0. 001). The sub-health incidence rate in those who used mobile sports software was lower than those who did not( P < 0. 05). The incidences of feeling fatigue,dizziness,lack of attention,upset,more dream,insomnia,poor memory in CDC staffs who used mobile phone sports software were lower than those who did not( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The use of mobile phone sports software has positive effect on health promotion in CDC staffs.

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G) is a scaffold component of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex, which takes principal part in the initiating of protein synthesis. Both two subtypes (eIF4G1 and eIF4G2) of eIF4G were found to be closely related with various tumors. The eIF4G1 expression is significantly up-regulated in breast cancer, cervical cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, prostatic carcinoma and other malignant tumors, compared with those in adjacent tissues; and the eIF4G2 is obviously over-expressed in diffuse large B cell lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia, but low-expressed in bladder transitional cell carcinoma. This paper reviews the progress in the study of the role of eIF4G in tumor genesis, development, diagnosis and prognosis.
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Up-Regulation

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive-behavioral intervention on the stigmatization and coping mode of patients with permanent colostomy.Methods Forty-nine patients with permanent colostomy were divided into control group (n =24) and intervention group (n =25).The control group was given routine nursing and intervention group was given cognitive-behavioral intervention.The social impact scale(SIS) and Medical Coping Mode Questionnaire(MCMQ) were used to evaluate the effect after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention.Results The score of SIS(social rejection,internalized shame,social isolation) and MCMQ (confront,evade) had significant differences between the two groups after 4-week intervention (P ＜ 0.05),and the scores of all items of SIS and MCMQ had significant differences between the two groups after 8-week intervention (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Cognitive-behavioral intervention could effectively improve the stigmatization and coping mode of patients with permanent colostomy.