Aim To determine TAT-tCNTF penetration ability and to investigate the effects of the fusion protein on SH-SY5Y cells against toxicity induced by ?-amyloid peptide 25-35(A?25-35 ).Methods The conjugate(TAT-tCNTF)of TAT(47-57)of HIV-1 and the truncated human CNTF active fragment was genetic engineered and expressed in E.Coli.Immunofluorescence was used to identify cell permeation ability across membrane.MTT assay was used to measure the survival of SH-SY5Y cells injured by A?25-35.And Hoechst 33342/PI double staining was used to observe the morphology of cell apoptosis and necrosis.LDH was measured by spectrophotometric method.Results The expression vector of pBV220-TAT-tCNTF was constructed successfully.Western blot showed the recombinant fusion protein could bind specifically with CNTF antibody.The immunofluorescence assay clearly demonstrated that TAT-tCNTF did penatrate into the cells while little rhCNTF pass across the cells.Double staining and LDH release assay demonstrated that TAT-tCNTF could promote significantly the survival of the cells.Conclusions TAT-tCNTF with high activities and effective transmembrane ability is obtained for the first time.The fusion protein protects SH-SY5Y cells from death after A?25-35 exposure.

Aim To determine TAT-Tcntf penetration ability and to investigate the effects of the fusion protein on SH-SY5Y cells against toxicity induced by β-amyloid peptide 25-35(Aβ_(25-35) ).Methods The conjugate(TAT-tCNTF)of TAT(47-57)of HIV-1 and the truncated human CNTF active fragment was genetic engineered and expressed in E.Coli.Immunofluorescence was used to identify cell permeation ability across membrane.MTT assay was used to measure the survival of SH-SY5Y cells injured by Aβ_(25-35).And Hoechst 33342/PI double staining was used to observe the morphology of cell apoptosis and necrosis.LDH was measured by spectrophotometric method.Results The expression vector of pBV220-TAT-tCNTF was constructed successfully.Western blot showed the recombinant fusion protein could bind specifically with CNTF antibody.The immunofluorescence assay clearly demonstrated that TAT-tCNTF did penatrate into the cells while little rhCNTF pass across the cells.Double staining and LDH release assay demonstrated that TAT-tCNTF could promote significantly the survival of the cells.Conclusion sTAT-tCNTF with high activities and effective transmembrane ability is obtained for the first time.The fusion protein protects SH-SY5Y cells from death after Aβ25-35 exposure.

Objective:To characterize the injury to the ipsilateral ankle joint after low energy spiral fracture of the distal tibia.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 80 patients with distal tibial spiral fracture who had been treated at Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from March 2010 to March 2021. There were 61 males and 19 females with an age of (43.5±12.5) years. Their mean follow-up time was 67.0 (38.5, 90.0) months. All patients underwent preoperative X-ray examination, 64 ones preoperative CT examination, and 30 ones preoperative MRI examination. Of the 80 patients, 3 received conservative treatment with plaster external fixation, 3 closed reduction and intramedullary nail fixation, and 74 plate fixation. Statistically analyzed were incidence of posterior malleolus fracture, characteristics of posterior malleolus fracture lines, normal matching rate of the ipsilateral ankle joint, positive rate of intraoperative Cotton test or stress external rotation test of ipsilateral ankle joint, positive rates of passive pronation-external rotation and supination-external rotation stress tests during follow-up, incidences of short-term ankle pain (≤2 years) and medium-long term pain (>2 years) after operation, injuries to the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament, the deep medial malleolus deltoid ligament and the posterior malleolus, and incidence of ankle injury.Results:The diagnostic rate for posterior malleolus fracture was 16.3% (13/80) on X-ray film, 60.9% (39/64) on CT and 76.7% (23/30) on MRI. 74.5% (35/47) of the posterior malleolus fracture lines opened on the lateral side. The normal matching rate of the ipsilateral ankle joint was 96.3% (77/80). The positive rates of intraoperative Cotton test and stress external rotation test were 34.8% (8/23) and 7.1% (1/14), respectively. The positive rates of passive pronation-external rotation and supination-external rotation stress tests during follow-up were 46.2% (12/26) and 34.6% (9/26). The incidences of postoperative short term (≤2 years) and medium-long term (>2 years) ankle pain were 37.7% (29/77) and 20.8% (16/77). MRI examination showed that the rates of injury to the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament, deep medial malleolus deltoid ligament and posterior malleolus were 80.0% (24/30), 80.0% (24/30) and 76.7% (23/30). The incidence of ankle injury was 88.8% (71/80).Conclusions:It is highly probable that spiral fracture of the distal tibia is complicated with ipsilateral ankle injury. The medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, and posterior malleolus are prone to the following hidden injuries while the ankle joint is normally matched in the most cases: injury to the deep deltoid ligament in different degrees, rupture of the inferior tibiofibular anterior ligament and posterior malleolus fracture. Therefore, the ankle injury is likely to be missed in diagnosis. The secondary torsion injuries to the pronation-external rotation and supination-external rotation at the leg are likely to cause ipsilateral ankle injury.

Adult ; Aged ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; complications ; therapy ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spleen ; Young Adult

Objective: To assess diet-related knowledge and behavior among primary and middle-school students in five cities of Anhui, and to provide evidence for nutrition education and intervention strategies. Methods: A multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 045 students in five cities(Huaibei,Bengbu,Ma anshan,Hefei and Wuhu) of Anhui for a questionnaire survey on nutrition knowledge, diet behavior, food preferences, and diet education. Results: The overall rate of good nutritional awareness was 38.3%; students had the highest rate of awareness on plain water being the healthiest drink(91.6%). The overall rate of healthy food preferences was 51.5%, with milk and dairy products being the highest rated (66.4%). The overall rate of good diet behavior was 85.8%, with eating most meals on time and in appropriate quantities being the highest rated (87.7%). The overall rate of students with good diet education was 25.0%, while the rate of table cleaning was 73.0%. Middle school students had more knowledge of nutrition(χ 2=28.8), while primary school students had better healthy food preferences and diet behaviors(χ 2=31.3，77.6), and girls were more frequently involved in setting and clearing the table(χ 2=12.2)(P<0.05). Conclusion Insufficient nutrition knowledge, clear food preferences, unhealthy dietary behaviors, and a lack of diet education were observed in primary and middle school students in Anhui. Specific nutritional education in school settings should be developed, home school cooperation should be strengthened, and diet education activities should be increased to help primary and middle school students form a healthy lifestyle.

As an oral antidiabetic drugs,metformin has been widely used to treat various diseases such as gestational diabetes mellitus,polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity in pregnant women.Current literature suggests that intrauterine metformin exposure has no significant impact on perinatal outcomes of the offspring,such as neonatal hypoglycemia,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,premature delivery and others.However,considering the possible transfer of metformin across the placental barrier,intrauterine metformin exposure may potentially influence the development of placenta and the fetus,cell metabolism,and hormone levels.According to the "Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases" theory,the long-term effect of intrauterine metformin exposure on the growth,metabolism,reproductive function and neuropsychological development of offspring reviewed here still need continuous attention.

UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) plays a key role in detoxification of many potentially harmful compounds and drugs. UGT1A1 inhibition may bring risks of drug-drug interactions (DDIs), hyperbilirubinemia and drug-induced liver injury. This study aimed to investigate and compare the inhibitory effects of icotinib and erlotinib against UGT1A1, as well as to evaluate their potential DDI risksUGT1A1 inhibition. The results demonstrated that both icotinib and erlotinib are UGT1A1 inhibitors, but the inhibitory effect of icotinib on UGT1A1 is weaker than that of erlotinib. The ICvalues of icotinib and erlotinib against UGT1A1-mediated NCHN--glucuronidation in human liver microsomes (HLMs) were 5.15 and 0.68 μmol/L, respectively. Inhibition kinetic analyses demonstrated that both icotinib and erlotinib were non-competitive inhibitors against UGT1A1-mediated glucuronidation of NCHN in HLMs, with thevalues of 8.55 and 1.23 μmol/L, respectively. Furthermore, their potential DDI risksUGT1A1 inhibition were quantitatively predicted by the ratio of the areas under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of NCHN. These findings are helpful for the medicinal chemists to design and develop next generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors with improved safety, as well as to guide reasonable applications of icotinib and erlotinib in clinic, especially for avoiding their potential DDI risksUGT1A1 inhibition.

Objective : The polishing effects of different compositions of chairside polishing systems on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) were compared to provide a reference for the rational selection of polishing systems for this material in clinical settings. Methods : A total of 108 specimens were made from ShushijieTMPEEK crown and bridge materials, Bio-PAEK® dental PEEK, and BioHPP® PEEK. Thirty-six specimens of each material were randomly divided into 6 groups on average based on their polishing technique: OptiDisc®, Super-Snap® Rainbow Technique Kit, VITA ENAMIC®Clinical Polishing Set, Sof-LexTM Diamond Polishing System, Visio.lign Finishing Kit for Composite Veneers, and CERAMAGE Polishing Kit, LavaTM Ultimate ceramic and VITA ENAMIC ceramics were set as the control groups, and 6 specimens were made in each material, polished by Sof-LexTM Diamond Polishing System and VITA ENAMIC® Polishing Set clinical, respectively, according to the manufacturers’ suggestions. The surface roughness (Ra value and Sa value) and gloss of each set were measured. The surface morphologies of the polished specimens were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results : Surface roughness (Ra value and Sa value) and gloss were mainly influenced by the type of polishing system, and they varied between PEEK material types. The Sof-LexTM Diamond Polishing System produced the highest surface roughness and the lowest gloss values for PEEK materials, while the Super-Snap® Rainbow Technique Kit, Visio.lign Finishing Kit for Composite Veneers and CERAMAGE Polishing Kit resulted in low surface roughness values. The Visio.lign Finishing Kit for Composite Veneers and CERAMAGE Polishing Kit exhibited high gloss values. Polishing paste particles were observed embedded on the surfaces of the PEEK materials polished by the Visio.lign Finishing Kit for Composite Veneers; the surfaces of specimens polished by the CERAMAGE Polishing Kit were smooth, without polishing paste particle residue. Using the same polishing system, the best polishing results were obtained with BioHPP® among the PEEK materials tested. The surface roughness values of the three tested PEEK materials polished by the CERAMAGE Polishing Kit were similar to those of the LavaTM Ultimate ceramic and VITA ENAMIC ceramic, but the gloss was higher than that of both. Conclusion CERAMAGE Polishing Kit was recommended for polishing all three tested PEEK materials, achieving a good polishing effect, with similar surface roughness and higher gloss characteristics comparable to those of polished computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin-matrix ceramics.