Objective To discuss the repairing methods of the wound after upper lip lesion excision.Methods The wound after upper lip lesion excision was repaired by expanded pedicled submental flap.The 3 cm-long incision was located in 1 cm to sub-mandible.The 100 ml expander was placed beneath the platysma,and the aqueducts and spigots of the expanders were laid out of the skin.After complete expansion,the spastic scars of the upper lip and nasal bottom were resolved,the nasal columella and upper lip were put back to the normal position.The pedicled submental flap was transferred to the wound after upperlip excision according to the size of the wound.The pedicle was severed after 3 weeks.Results There were 5 cases of the expanded pedicled submental flap to repair the wound after upper lip excision.The flap survived without complications.The appearances were satisfied by the patients.Conclusions The method of the expanded submental flap is suitable for the wound after upper lip excision.

Objective To investigate the application of the frontal branch of superficial temporal vessels pedicled flap in repairing lower eyelid ectropion.Methods Eight cases were collected from patients diagnosed with lower eyelid ectropion in our hospital from April 2012 to April 2015.In phase 1 of operation,the dilators were implanted into the frontal branch of superficial temporal vessels and fully expanded by normal saline injection;In phase 2,the scar of lower eyelid was incised,and the expanded forehead flaps were transferred to cover the wound after the lower eyelid released back to normal anatomy location;In phase 3,the flap delay operation was manipulated 3 weeks after phase 2,and the left wound after scar excision was finished by pedicle division 1 week later.Results All patients in the study showed a good appearance and function of lower eyelid.There were no complications such as flap congestion and necrosis occurred.Meantime there were no relapses observed according to the follow-ups ranging from 6 months to 1 year.Conclusions The application of the frontal branch of superficial temporal vessels pedicled flap shows a promising procedure in treatment of lower eyelid ectropion.

Objective To investigate the application of expanded local flap in repairing extremity scars.Methods Thirty patients with extremity scars contracture as a result of trauma,surgery or infection during July 2000 and March 2013 were included.There were 11 male and 19 female patients with age ranging from 11 to 34 years.Tissue expansion,scar resection,flap transfer and scar management were involved in this process.Results There 24 patients suffered from upper extremity scars and 6 patients suffered from lower extremity scars.Expander exposure was noted in 3 patients,and 3 patients suffered from infection during the expansion.During the 6-month to 1-year follow-up,all patients satisfied with the results in terms of the skin texture,color,flexibility after the treatment with expanded local skin flap.Conclusions The expanded local flaps are suitable for the repair of the longitudinal and oblique scars in the extremities.

Objective:To explore the choice of skin flap design and clinical effects of skin soft tissue expansion in the treatment of body surface lesions.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2020, the Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University performed skin and soft tissue expansion in 148 patients with scars and nevus, including 83 males and 65 females. The age ranged from 4 to 52 years. According to the distance of the donor area, the expanded flap was divided into adjacent local flap and distal pedicled axial flap. An appropriate volume expander was embedded under the donor area flap. The expander was expanded regularly for 8-24 weeks, and the displacement of expander and other complications were avoided.Results:A total of 212 dilators were implanted in 148 patients, and the damaged area was completely repaired after 1 or 2 dilation operations. The expanded flaps were effectively used. The flap transfer was consistent with the first-stage design, with fewer auxiliary incisions, hidden and inconspicuous scars, and maximum repaired area was 22 cm×18 cm; the incidence of dilator complications (16 cases with 21 dilators) was 9.90%.Conclusions:Paying attention to the reasonable design and selection of flap in stage Ⅰ operation can make effective use of expanded flap in stage Ⅱ operation, fully repair body surface lesions, reduce auxiliary incision and achieve the best repair effect.

Objective To observe the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on the rate of skin expansion and the immediate retract rate of skin flaps in rats,and to explore new methods for drug-assisted skin expansion.Methods 18 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.After BTX-A or normal saline was injected intradermally into the back marking area,an expander was implanted.The expanders were inflated periodically by injecting normal saline to reach the designated intraexpander pressure.The inflation volume was recorded and the area of marked region was measured regularly.After 4 weeks of expansion,the expanded tissues were harvested and the immediate retract rates were measured.The hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe the thickness of epidermis,dermis and the fibrous capsule,while Masson staining for detection of fibrous capsule collagen.Immunohistochemical staining with α-smooth muscle actin for myofibroblasts was also performed.Results The mean inflation volume and area of marked region of BTX-A group were significantly greater than those of the control group.There were lower immediate retract rate,thinner fibrous capsule,less collagen content and fewer α-SMA positive myofibroblasts in the fibrous capsule of the BTX-A group with statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).There was no signigicant difference in the thicknesses of epidermis and dermis between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions BTX-A can inhibit the formation of fibrous capsule to promote skin expansion,while reducing the immediate retract rate.It possess a potential for assisting effectively skin expansion.

Objective:To analyze the effects of microvascular invasion (MVI) and anatomical hepatectomy on early recurrence and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The data of 246 patients with HCC admitted to 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Beijing Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital from July 2008 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including 208 males and 38 females, aged (53.8±9.6) years. According to the occurrence of MVI, 246 patients were divided into the MVI group ( n=83) and control group ( n=163, without MVI). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, preoperative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), maximum tumor diameter, intraoperative blood loss were compared between the two groups. The recurrence-free survival and cumulative survival were compared between the two groups before and after the inverse probability weighted correction for propensity score. Results:The propensity score was calculated by logistic regression model. After inverse probability weighted correction, the virtual sample size was 247 cases (82 cases in MVI group and 165 cases in control group). The proportion of HBV infection, with a serum level of AFP > 200 μg/L, the maximum diameter of tumor and the intraoperative blood loss were higher in MVI group (all P<0.05). The risk of early recurrence in patients undergoing anatomical hepatectomy ( n=107) was lower than that in patients undergoing non-anatomical hepatectomy ( n=139) (univariate Cox regression analysis of HR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.42, P=0.020), but the overall survival was comparable (univariate Cox regression analysis of HR=1.66, 95% CI: 0.80 to 3.42, P=0.200). The recurrence-free survival (RFS) of MVI group was lower than that of the control group, and the postoperative cumulative survival rate was also lower before the inverse probability weighted correction of the tendency score. The RFS in MVI group was lower than that in control group after the tendency score was adjusted by inverse probability weighting ( HR=2.62, 95% CI: 1.61 to 4.27, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the cumulative survival between the MVI and control group ( HR=2.09, 95% CI: 0.89 to 4.93, P=0.050). Conclusion:MVI is associated with early postoperative recurrence in patients with HCC, and the early recurrence rate after anatomical hepatectomy is lower than that after non-anatomical hepatectomy.

Objective:To investigate the effect of folding and filling the orbicularis muscle flap of the inferiorcentral pedicle in correction of sunken upper eyelids.Methods:From August 2020 to April 2022, 39 female patients aged 36-63 (47.1±6.3) years with dermatochalasis and sunken upper eyelid were admitted to the Plastic Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University. During the surgery, the orbicularis oculi muscle in the skin resection area was preserved and a muscle flap was formed with the central part of the lower margin of the incision as the pedicle, which was folded deep and filled in the anterior orbital septal space. 6 months after surgery, the Park method was used to compare the effects before and after surgery, and the doctors and patients were scored on the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, respectively.Results:Unilateral upper eyelid hematoma appeared in 1 patient and healed after local acupuncture and aspiration, unilateral incision induration appeared in 2 patients, and gradually disappeared after 6 months of follow-up. The wounds of other patients healed in one stage. All the 39 patients were followed up for 6-12 months. The scores of the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale at 6 months after surgery were (4.12±0.95) for doctors and (3.82±1.27) for patients. Park method showed that the degree of sunken upper eyelid after surgery was significantly better than that before surgery, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-7.721, P=0.000). Conclusions:The folding and filling of the orbicularis muscle flap of the eye with the inferior central pedicle can correct the laxity of the upper eyelid and improve the sunken upper eyelid. This operation can make full use of local tissue, and the effect is simple and lasting.

Objective:To investigate the effect of B7-H3 gene on the biological function of fibr-oblastlike synoviocytes (FLS) in osteoarthritis (OA).Methods:Synovial tissue of five cases of OA and synovial tissue of 4 normal knee were obtained, and the primary cell lines were isolated and cultured. The expression of B7-H3 in OA synovial tissue and primary OA-FLS were studied by immunohi-stochemistry, real time-poly merase chain reaction (PCR) and FACS. According to sites 996 and 1041 of B7-H3, corresponding siRNA was designed and the expression of B7-H3 in FLS was silenced and down-regulated. The inhibition of B7-H3 and its protein in target cells was determined by Western blot and FACS. The migration and invasion ability of B7-H3 in target cells were analyzed by scratch assay and Transwell assay. CCK8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation ability, and CBA assay was used to detect cytokines and chemokines in cell culture supernatant. GraphPad Prism 8.0 software was used to analyze the experimental data. The normal distribution data was expressed as mean±standard deviation ( Mean± SD). The comparison between data was performed by T test, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The abnormally high expression of B7-H3 in fibro-blast-like synoviocytes of OA was detected. Compared with siNC, si996 and si1041 inhibited the expression of B7-H3 in OA-FLS. In the Transwell migration experiment, the mean cells number of random view in the siNC group, the si996 group, and the si1041 group indicating decreased migration ability of OA-FLS [siNC vs si996 (100.3±3.7) /view vs (48.7±1.2) /view, t=13.24, P<0.001; siNC vs si1041 (100.3±3.7) /view vs (59.7±1.9) /view, t=9.80, P<0.001). In the Transwell invasion experiment, the mean cells number of random view in the siNC group, in the si996 group, and in the si1041 group indicating decreased invasion ability of OA-FLS [siNC vs si996 (127.3±5.6) /view vs (39.7±3.3) /view, t=13.49, P<0.001; siNC vs si1041 (127.3±5.6) /view vs (57.3±1.9) /view, t=11.85, P<0.001]. The secretion of IL-6 [siNC vs si996 (248±21) pg/ml vs (111±12) pg/ml, t=24.08, P=0.002; siNC vs si1041 (248±21) pg/ml vs (46±5) pg/ml, t=13.21, P=0.006], IL-8 [siNC vs si996 (118.1±15.6) pg/ml vs (47.1±5.4) pg/ml, t=6.68, P=0.022; siNC vs si1041 (118.1±15.6) pg/ml vs (10.0±1.3) pg/ml, t=13.08, P=0.006], CXCL8 [siNC vs si996 (178.8±6.4) ng/ml vs (83.2±2.7) ng/ml, t=13.77, P=0.005; siNC vs si1041 (178.8±6.4) ng/ml vs (93.5±2.8) ng/ml, t=12.23, P=0.007] and CCL2 [siNC vs si996 [(184.1±5.1) ng/ml vs (109.4±5.9) ng/ml, t=9.57, P=0.011; siNC vs si1041 (184.1±5.1) ng/ml vs (97.1±1.5) ng/ml, t=16.39, P=0.004] was decreased . Conclusion:B7-H3 may regulate the migration, invasion, cytokine secretion and other biological functions of OA-FLS, providing clues for further study of B7-H3's involvement in the pathogenesis of OA.

This article summarized the general situation,impact and evaluation of voice disorders in children.According to the five models of clinical research in the field of speech therapy and audiology,the research on behav-ioral intervention of voice disorders in children was organized as follows:Model 1 involved studies on treatment se-lection and efficacy prediction.Model 2 focused on efficacy exploration and clinical trial preparation.Model 3 encom-passed studies on clinical implementation and efficacy verification.Model 4 involved comparative studies that explore different treatment methods.Model 5 focused on the analysis of social cost.These models could be used as a refer-ence for scientific research and clinical professionals.