Objective To investigate the effects of Basiliximab on alloreactive T lymphocytes precursors, hematopoietic progenitor cells by ex vivo assay and prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in mismatched bone marrow transplantation.Methods Two groups were set up: (1) Basiliximab group including 72 leukemia patients subject to haploidentical bone marrow transplantation (BMT) with Basiliximab for prophylaxis of GVHD without ex vivo T-cell depletion. (2) Control group having 15 patients receiving the same regimen before Nov. 2000, without Basiliximab for GVHD prophylaxis. Limiting-dilution method was used to determine the effect of Basiliximab on reactivity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors (CTLP). In the semi-solid hematopoietic culture system, the effect of Basiliximab on the colony proliferation of CFU-GM, BFU-E and CFU-Meg was measured. Results In Basiliximab group, 72 patients established trilineage with full donor hematopoietic reconstitution. Engraftment rate showed no statistical difference between the two groups. The incidence of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ GVHD was 12.5 % (9 cases) in Basiliximab group and 33.3 % (5 cases) in control group respectively (P

Objective To explore the effects of Basiliximab (Simulect) on reducing the incidence of severe acute GVHD in haploidentical bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Methods Nine patients with leukemia received haplotype Allo-BMT from HLA two or three loci mismatched related donor. Most patients were classified as high risk category. The donors of patients were administrated with G-CSF 250 ?g/day for 7 doses prior to marrow harvest. In addition to combination of CsA, MTX, ATG and Mycophenolate mofetil for GVHD prophylaxis, Simulect was administered to prevent severe GVHD. A total 40 mg Simulect was given in two doses of 20 mg each by 30 min intravenous infusion on 2 h before transplantation and day 4 after transplantation.Results All patients were engrafted. 100 % donors hematopoietic cells after transplantation was determined by cytogenetic evidence analysis. None developed the Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD. Eight patients could be evaluated for chronic GVHD. All experienced chronic GVHD confined to the skin. The median follow-up duration was 14 months (range 12～20 months). One patient died from CMV infection on 3 months and one patient died from disease relapse on 14 months. The remaining 7 patients were survived in disease free situation.Conclusion The use of Simulect in haploidentical bone marrow transplantation is effective on preventing acute severe GVHD and improving disease-free survival.

20?10 9 /L was (18 1?3 0) days in the recipients.The incidences of grade I GVHD and II GVHD were 28 6% and 5 7%, respectively. Furthermore, the percentages of CD34 + and CD4 + cells in G CSF stimulated bone marrow increased, concomitant with a significant decline in CD8 + cell count. These data demonstrated that G CSF mobilization remodeled the density of hematopoietic progenitors and T lymphocyte subsets in the bone marrow, which in turn accelerated hematopoietic reconstitution and minimized the incidence of severe acute GVHD after allogeneic transplantation.Transplantation of marrow harvests from donors who are pretreated with G CSF might be a feasible measure for a successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

(0.05)).It was noted that the number of CD4~(+) T cells was less significantly throughout the 18 months after BMT in two groups.The time to reach 200 CD4~(+)cells/ ?l was 6 months,and that to reach normal number of CD4~(+)was 18 months.Median time to reach normal CD3~(+) CD8~(+) and CD19~(+) was 9-12 months,and there was no significant difference between two groups.Conclusions The incidence of severe lethal aGVHD and GVHD-related deaths tended to be less in patients with Basiliximab group than un-treated group in haploidentical BMT.It is useful to use Basiliximab to treat sever GVHD.CD4~(+) reconstitution appeared significantly delayed in two groups.CD4~(+) reconstitution is crucial to control post-transplant opportunistic infections and leukemia relapse.Nevertheless,there was no significant difference in immune reconstitution and the incidence of infection and relapse between the two groups.

Objective To investigate the heterogeneity of immunomodulatory function of exosomes secreted from human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hUC-MSC).Methods Five different hUC-MSCs lines were isolated and cultured.Exosomes were isolated from the supernatant.The expression of specific surface markers CD9,CD63,CD81 and CD44 was detected by flow cytometry.The protein concentration of hUC-MSCs exosomes(hUC-MSCs-ex)was evaluated by the BCA assay.Concanavalin A and rhIL-2 stimulated umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UBMCs) from healthy donor were co-cultured at different concentrations of hUC-MSCs-ex from different cell lines for 72 h.The growth rate of UBMCs was detected by MTT assay.ELISA was used to test the levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α of the supernatants.The UBMCs co-cultured with hUC-MSCs were co-cultured with K562 cells at the ratio of 5∶1.The cytotoxic activity was calculated by MTT assay.Results hUC-MSCs-ex expressed CD9,CD63,CD81and CD44.Different hUC-MSCs lines had different regulating activities on the proliferation,secretion and killing ability of UBMCs.Conclusion hUC-MSCs-ex has heterogeneity of immunomodulatory function on UBMCs.

In this study, the underlying antileukemic mechanisms of homoharringtonine (HHT) were investigated. K562 cell line was used to observe the effects of HHT on the induction of apoptosis and on the expression of the specific chimeric protein P210(bcr/abl), as evaluated by flow cytometric annexin V-PI dual labeling technique and Western blot. The results showed that HHT induced K562 cells to apoptotic death at the concentrations of 5 - 20 ng/ml, and some of the cells became necrotic when exposed to a higher concentration. The amount of P210(bcr/abl) oncoprotein was decreased by approximately 70% when the cells were exposed to HHT for 48 hours, however, that of its partner P145(c-abl) proto-oncoprotein was not affected. It is clear from the study that HHT is an inhibitor of P210(bcr/abl) oncoprotein and therefore promotes the apoptosis of CML cells. It could be promising that HHT be used extensively in the chemotherapy of patients with CML.

To explore the clinic characters,treatments and prognosis of patients with primary bone lym-phoma( PLB ) .The clinical symptoms, signs, X -ray features, pathological morphology, immunophenotype and treatment of 7 patients with PLB were analyzed retrospectively and the pertinent literatures were reviewed.The re-sults showed that the main complains of 7 cases of PBL were local pain.The CT showed osteolytic bone destruc-tion and soft tissue swelling.There were 3 cases of diffuse large B cell lymphoma,1 case of Burkitt-type lympho-ma,1 case of periferal T-cell lymphoma,1 case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma,and 1 case of Hodgkins lym-phoma.2 patients presented with stageⅠ,4 with stageⅡ,and 1 with stage 3.The therapeutic procedure includes local radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and targeted therapy.The clinical presentation of PLB is not spe-cial.The diagnosis and identification of histological type of PLB should be established by histopathological and im-munohistochemistry examinations.Early diagnosis and active therapy could improve the prognosis of PLB.Combi-nation therapy including radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the optimal treatment for PLB.

Objective To investigate the fluoride content in drinking water as well as the current status of endemic fluorosis in 5 counties of Shandong Province,in order to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies.Methods According to the survey data of fluoride content in drinking water in Shandong Province between 2005 to 2007,an epidemiological investigation was carried out in Mudan,Jiaxiang,Wucheng,Pingdu and Boxing Counties from September to November 2013.The fluoride content in drinking water and urine and dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 were investigated in 3-4 major survey villages selected in the five counties.The fluoride content in drinking water was detected by fluoride ion selective electrode method,and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Deans method.Results Fifty-eight drinking water samples were investigated in 16 villages of the five counties.Water fluorine content in Wucheng,Mudan,Pingdu,Boxing and Jiaxiang counties was 4.14,3.84,1.83,1.33 and 0.43 mg/L,respectively.There were 4 counties' fluorine content exceeding the national standard (1.20 mg/L) except Jiaxiang County.The exceeding rate was 100％ in Wucheng and Mudan counties.Urine fluorine content of 320 children aged 8 to 12 in Wucheng,Mudan,Boxing,Pingdu and Jiaxiang counties was 4.51,4.62,1.82,1.30,1.01 mg/L respectively;the total detection rate of dental fluorosis of 574 children was 61.85％ (355/574),the rate of dental damage was 12.89％ (74/574),and dental fluorosis index was 1.27;the detection rate of dental fluorosis in Wucheng,Mudan,Boxing,Pingdu and Jiaxiang Counties was 90.18％ (101/112),97.73％ (86/88),62.22％ (84/135),54.90％ (28/51) and 29.79％ (56/188),respectively.Conclusions The exceeding rate of water fluorine content is very high in 5 counties of severe endenic fluorosis areas in Shandong Province.The urinary fluorine level of the population is still high and the prevalence of dental fluorosis of children is high.Endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province has not yet been effectively controlled,control situation is still grim.

OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical effectiveness of antibiotic combined therapy for febrile neutropenia as an empirical treatment.METHODS We analyzed bacterial epidemiology form Jan 2001 to Feb 2003 and performed a study in 202 neutropenic febrile patients after chemotherapy or(HSCT).Three groups were divided.In first group(84 cases) carbapenems and vancomycin were used.In second group(78 cases)and in third group(40(cases)) used cephalosporin or quinolone.RESULTS Carbapenems plus vancomycin were with response rate of 93%,and(without) vancomycin were only 66%.Cephalosporin or quinolone was with response rate only of 30%.(CONCLUSIONS) Strong antibiotic with vancomycin is effective for treating patients with neutropenia and fever(under) limited bacterial epidemiology.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of rituximab-containing regimens on post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) following haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods The clinical data of 3 cases of PTLD after haploidentical HSCT were analyzed retrospectively. Time to development of PTLD ranged from 57 to 164 days after HSCT.The main symptoms included fever, superficial lymph node enlargement. Epstein-Bart virus (EBV)-positive B-cell PTLD was diagnosed by biopsy of lymph node. Management of 3 patients consisted of withdraw of immunosuppressive treatment, anti-viral therapy, rituximab (375 rng/m2 , per week for four weeks) monotherapy or chemotherapy plus rituximab. Results All the patients had complete remission after treatment. Conclusion PTLD is a serious complication of HSCT especially haploidentical HSCT. Rituximab-containing regimens are potentially effective, well-tolerated with mild toxicity and improve the prognosis of PTLD following haploidentical HSCT.