OBJECTIVETo study the socio-demographic characteristics, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) related behaviors of male clients of female sex workers and their determinants.

METHODSContacting subjects through 5 ways including volunteers of female sex workers (FSWs), sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics, long-distance bus stations, long-distance cargo station while adopting methods as snowballing, employing an anonymous questionnaire. Data was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS(1) The majority of clients were 25-45 years old, married and of junior high school or above educational levels; (2) Among male clients of FSWs, numbers of having had commercial sexual intercourse was between 1 to 240, averaged 24 in the previous year. It significantly related to their occupation and the experience of their friends or colleagues who ever visited female sex workers; (3) 27.98% of them used condom every time during commercial sexual intercourse, which significantly related to the score of knowledge on AIDS, concourse of sex intercourse and inhabitation; (4) 28.36% of them had ever contracted STD, which significantly related to the frequency of commercial sexual intercourse in the previous year, risk awareness of being infected with human immunodeficiency virus, and frequency of condom use during commercial sexual intercourse.

CONCLUSIONThe proportion of always using condom was low among male clients of FSWs, and had had STDs. And it's necessary for active and specific intervention programs to them.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; prevention & control ; Adult ; China ; Condoms ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk-Taking ; Sex Work ; Sexual Behavior ; Unsafe Sex ; statistics & numerical data

Objective To investigate the role of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in the pathogenesis of psoriasis by detecting the level of PCSK9 in the plasma of patients with psoriasis and evaluating its effect on the secretion of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) by peripheral CD4+ T cells.Methods Totally,30 outpatients with psoriasis vulgaris and 30 healthy volunteers (controls) were enrolled from Hospital for Skin Diseases,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between February 2016 and December 2017.Of the 30 patients,16 were males,and 14 were females.Their age varied from 18 to 66 years,and the course of disease ranged from 1 month to 15 years.Peripheral venous blood samples were obtained from the patients and controls,and the plasma and was performed to measure mRNA expression of PCSK9 in the PBMC,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the concentration of PCSK9 in the plasma.Peripheral CD4+ T cells were isolated from the PBMC by magnetic bead method,and divided into 2 groups to be co-cultured with (experiment group) or without PCSK9 protein (control group).After 24-hour treatment,ELISA was conducted to detect the levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A in the culture supernatant.Statistical analysis was carried out by using two-sample t test for the comparison between the two groups,and Pearson correlation analysis for analyzing correlations between the plasma level of PCSK9 and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score in the patients with psoriasis.Results PCSK9 mRNA expression was undetected in the PBMC of the patients with psoriasis and controls.The plasma level of PCSK9 was significantly higher in the patients with psoriasis ([243.58 ± 11.91] μg/L) than in the healthy controls ([199.74 ± 31.09] μg/L,t =5.761,P ＜ 0.001).After co-culture of the peripheral CD4+ T cells from patients with PCSK9 protein,the levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A both significantly increased ([6 150.00 ± 212.13] ng/L,[1 532.00 ± 11.31] ng/L,respectively) compared with the control group co-cultured without PCSK9 protein ([4 650.00 ± 212.13] ng/L,[698.5 ± 266.58] ng/L,respectively;t =7.071,4.418 respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).IFN-γand IL-17A were undetected in the culture supernatant of CD4+ T cells from the healthy controls in the experiment group or control group.Conclusion The plasma level of PCSK9 increases in patients with psoriasis,which may be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis by activating peripheral CD4+ T cells.

Objective:To compare efficacy and safety of 308-nm SQ light-emitting diode (LED) light versus 308-nm excimer light in the treatment of facial vitiligo.Methods:Patients with stable facial vitiligo were retrospectively collected from Department of Physical Therapy, Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from June 2018 to June 2020, who received treatment with 308-nm SQ LED light (LED group) or 308-nm excimer light (excimer light group). The treatment was performed once or twice a week, and patients who had received more than 8 sessions of treatment were included in the analysis of efficacy and safety. Statistical analysis was carried out by using chi-square test.Results:Totally, 68 patients with 90 lesions were enrolled into the LED group, including 36 males and 32 females, aged 25.01 ± 13.37 years; 20 patients with 28 lesions were enrolled into the excimer light group, including 13 males and 7 females, aged 27.15 ± 14.30 years. After 8 and 16 sessions of treatment, there was no significant difference in the response rate between the LED group (23.33%, 46.67%, respectively) and excimer light group (14.29%, 46.43%, χ2 = 1.05, < 0.001, respectively, both P > 0.05). During the treatment, 36 (52.94%) patients in the LED group developed persistent erythema, 17 (85%) in the excimer light group developed persistent erythema or blisters. The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the LED group than in the excimer light group ( χ2 = 16.43, P < 0.001) . Conclusion:Compared with the 308-nm excimer light, the 308-nm SQ LED light showed similar effect but higher safety for the treatment of facial vitiligo.

Aim To reveal the aetion mechanism of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim (TTM) in the treatment of myoeardial ischemia ( MI) by using network pharma¬cology combined with molecular docking.Methods Compounds of TTM were detected and fished out from TCMID, TCM@TAIWAN , BATMAN-TCM database, and the literature data from PubMed , CNK1, and WAN- FANGD database.PharmMapper database was used to find the targets related to compounds, and DISGeNET, GeneCards, DrugBank and OMIM databases were used to find the targets related to Ml.The predictive targets of TTM in the treatment of Ml were obtained.Cytosca- ope 3.1.2 Software and String database were used to build compound-target network and PP1 network.Gene ontology ( GO ) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes ( KEGG ) pathway enrichment analysis were performed by utili¬zing the CludterProfiler Software package of RStudio software.The molecular docking was used for verifying the results of network analysis.Results The 10 active compounds of TTM were screened , and 13 core targets of Ml were predicted, such as ALB, EGFR, MAPK1 , CASP3,ESR1 ,etc.A total of 28 Ml-related signaling pathways were fished out.The results of molecular docking showed that the core active ingredients had good binding activity with the key targets.Conclusion TTM may play a role in the treatment of Ml through regulating multiple ingredients, multiple pathways, and multiple targets.

Objective: To explore the risk intensity and related influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among high-stress rescue workers, and to provide effective tools for the risk assessment of PTSD in military rescue workers. Method: From June to August 2022, cluster sampling was used to select the high-stress rescue personnel of an Army department as the survey subjects. The acute Stress reaction (ASD) scale and PTSD checklist were used to evaluate the risk of PTSD in military rescue personnel. Multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of PTSD. Results: The age of 4 460 subjects was (24.38±4.072) years old, including 4 396 males (98.6%). The positive rate of initial screening for ASD was 2.85% (127/4 460). The positive rate of PTSD was 0.67% (30/4 460). Multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that female, older age, recent trauma exposure history, passive smoking and alcohol consumption were at higher risk of ASD, the values of OR (95%CI) were 4.183 (1.819-9.618), 6.278 (1.363-28.912), 3.094 (1.500-6.379), 2.059 (1.298-3.267) and 2.607 (1.614-4.211), respectively; Lower education level was associated with lower risk of ASD, OR (95%CI) was 0.593 (0.359-0.978); People who are older, thinner, have a history of mental illness, and drink alcohol were at higher risk for PTSD, the values of OR (95%CI) were 20.144 (2.459-165.043), 10.287 (2.218-47.700), 91.104 (8.592-965.980) and 2.866 (1.144-7.180), respectively. Conclusion: Gender, age, education level, passive smoking, alcohol consumption, past history of mental illness and body mass index may be related to the potential risk of PTSD in rescue workers,passive smoking, alcohol consumption, and weight controlling should be focused on to reduce potential risks of PTSD.
Male ; Humans ; Female ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/prevention & control* ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; Risk Assessment ; Military Personnel ; Alcohol Drinking

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to reveal the insomnia burden and relevant influencing factors among informal caregivers (ICs) of hospitalized patients with lung cancer. METHODS: A cross-sectional study on ICs of hospitalized patients with lung cancer was conducted from December 31, 2020 to December 31, 2021. ICs' burden was assessed using the Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Linear and logistic regression models were used to identify the influencing factors. RESULTS: Among 289 ICs of hospitalized patients with lung cancer, 83 (28.72%), 53 (18.34%), and 14 (4.84%) ICs experienced mild, moderate, and severe insomnia, respectively. The scores concerning self-esteem, lack of family support, financial problems, disturbed schedule, and health problems were 4.32 ± 0.53, 2.24 ± 0.79, 2.84 ± 1.14, 3.63 ± 0.77, and 2.44 ± 0.95, respectively. ICs with higher Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADLS) scores were associated with a lower risk of insomnia, with an odd ratio ( OR) and 95% confidence interval ( CI) of 0.940 (0.898-0.983). Among the ICs, female gender ( OR = 2.597), alcohol consumption ( OR = 3.745), underlying medical conditions ( OR = 11.765), long-term caregiving experience ( OR = 37.037), and higher monthly expenses ( OR = 5.714) were associated with a high risk of insomnia. CONCLUSION Of the hospitalized patients with lung cancer, 51.9% experienced insomnia. Patients' ADL, ICs gender, alcohol consumption, underlying medical conditions, caregiving duration, and monthly expenses were influencing factors. Therefore, prompt screening and early intervention for ICs of patients with lung cancer is necessary.
Humans ; Female ; Caregivers ; Activities of Daily Living ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/epidemiology* ; Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology*