BACKGROUND:Al ogeneic penetrating keratoplasty is the most effective method for treating corneal blindness. However, the incidence of rejections is high after keratoplasty, so it is urgent to develop an immunosuppressive drug with high efficacy and low toxicity. OBJECTIVE:To establish al ogeneic penetrating keratoplasty models and monitor the expression of tumor necrosis factor-αin blank control group and after transforming growth factor-β1 eyedrop during acute rejection period of corneal grafts. METHODS:Al ogeneic penetrating keratoplasty models were established and were randomly divided into blank control group, ciclosporin A group (1%ciclosporin A), and transforming growth factor-β1 group (1μg/ml transforming growth factor-β1 eyedrop). The medications from each group commenced at 1 day after surgery, one eyedrop once, three eyedrops per day. Al the operated eyes were given 0.3%ofloxacin ophthalmic solutions and 0.5%tropicaide ophthalmic solution, three times per day, for 12 days. The corneal grafts were harvested for hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunihistochemical staining (SABC method), to detect tumor necrosis factor-αexpression in corneal grafts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that, corneal grafts were significantly thickened, a large number of histoleucocytes and lymphocytes infiltrated in the blank control group;corneal grafts showed normal thickness and no inflammatory cel s infiltrated in the transforming growth factor-β1 group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that, there were less cel s positive for tumor necrosis factor-αin the transforming growth factor-β1 group compared with the blank control group (P<0.05). Transforming growth factor-β1 eyedrops can reduce the expression of tumor necrosis factor-αin the corneal grafts during acute rejection period, and reduce the inflammatory cel s infiltration in the corneal grafts, which is probably the mechanism of transforming growth factor-β1 to prevent and treat corneal al ograft rejection.

Animals ; Catalysis ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Osseointegration ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Photochemical Processes ; Surface Properties ; radiation effects ; Time Factors ; Titanium ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; radiation effects ; Ultraviolet Rays

Objective To investigate effect of coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet and tumor markers in patients with advanced lung cancer by chemotherapy.Methods 21 cases of advanced lung cancer patients were selected to be the experiment group, and 20 healthy people were selected to be the control group.The experiment group were treated by chemotherapy,coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet and tumor markers were compared before and after the treatment.ResuIts Compared with experiment group before chemotherapy, PT, APTT, TT levels of the patients after chemotherapy were lower, serum FIB concentrations were higher (P<0.05); PC and FPS were lower , D-D, PAI-1 concentration level were higher (P<0.05); PLT, MPV, PDW levels were lower (P<0.05); CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE, CA125 levels were lower (P<0.05).ConcIusion Chemotherapy can enhance the effect of coagulation system in patients with advanced lung cancer, inhibit the fibrinolytic system and reduce the level of tumor markers.

Objective To measure von Willebrand factor(vWF)concentrations and von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease(vWF-cp)activity in plasma of lung cancer patients and to evaluate their clinical significance.Methods The vWF:antigen(vWF:Ag)and vWF-cp activity were measured by using ELISA and residual-collagen binding assay(R-CBA),respectively in 78 patients with lung cancer.The serum and pleural fluid(PLF)of carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA)were measured by radioimmunity assay in 23 patients.Results (1)The level of vWF:Ag in lung cancer patients(107.7?43.7)%was significantly higher than that in benign diseases(71.3?49.5)% and normal controls(82.4?41.3)%(P

Objective To explore the method and the clinical effects of surgical treatment for severe hedge brain injury at frontotemporal bottom. Methods 96 patients with severe hedge brain injury at frontotemporal bottom were scored by GOS before surgery. Then unilateral or bilateral craniotomy was carried out,via a large flap incision in the site of frontotemporal and parietal hair,and the blood clots within the surgical fieldand the inactivation brain tissue having been fell off were removed, and the contusion lesions of brain bottom were exposed, and the inactivation brain tissue was cleared. If the brain injury was serious ,the removal of frontal pole and temporal pole should be proper. Discretion to The removing or replacing the bone flap should be based on consideration of the circumstances. Six nonths or one year after injury,96 patients were scored by GOS again. Results There were 17 cases of grade Ⅰ(17.71%) ,11 cases of gradeⅡ (11.46%),13 cases of gradeⅢ (13.54%),21 cases of grade Ⅳ(21.86%),34 cases of grade Ⅴ (35.42%) in 96 patients. Conclusion Early surgical treatment of severe hedge brain injury at frontotemporal bottom could improve the cure rate and reduce the rate of disability.

Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; blood supply ; pathology ; Multiple Myeloma ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the mechanism of an antifibrotic drug, pirfenidone, in preventing radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Methods Male BALB/C mice were randomized into 4 groups:control group (C), radiation alone group (R), pirfenidone alone group (P), and pirfenidone plus radiation group (P + R). Irradiation was administrated to the whole pulmonary with a single fraction of 12 Gy. The pirfenidone was given 0. 3 ml/kg/d from 3 days prior to irradiation to 12 weeks after.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from right lung was collected for macrophages counting every monthmonthly until 6 months after irradiation, and left lungs were collected and fixed for. The pulmonary fibrosis was assessed by Masson trichrome staining. The plasma transforming growth factor β(TGF-β) was measured by ELISA. The lung hydroxyproline was evaluated by alkaline solution. Results Compared to group R, the counts of macrophages in BALF in group P + R were reduced by 76% and 62%, and hydroxyproline levels were reduced by 21% and 24% at the 4th and 5th months, respectively. The plasma TGF-β decreased from the 3rd month to 5th month. Pirfenidone markedly ameliorated the severity of lung fibrosis at the 4 - 6th month after radiation. Conclusions Pirfenidone can prevent radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the mechanism of which may be the reduced of inflammation and collagen deposition by decreasing macrophages and hydroxyproline.

Objective To study the characteristics of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulin dry powder inhalation and its relative bioavailability as compared with subcutaneous injection of regular insulin. Methods In this open,single-center,randomized,two-period,cross-over,euglycemic glucose clamp study,18 healthy volunteers(14 men and 4 women),aged(24.9?1.7)years,with body mass index(20.6?1.2)kg/m~2, received the insulin dry powder inhalatin(80 U)or regular insulin(15 U)subcutaneous administration.The blood samples of this study at 0,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,110,120,135,150,165,180,195, 210,225,240,270,300,330,360,390,420,450 and 480 rain were taken for serum insulin measurement, meanwhile,glucose infusion rates(GIR)were determined per 5 minutes over a period of 8 hours.Results The C_(max)were(57.9?17.8 vs 114.5?29.7)mU/L(tested vs reference preparation),T_(max)were(46.7?45.6 vs 107.8?33.7)min,GIR_(max)were(3.35?0.98 vs 5.17?1.75)mg?kg~(-1)?min~(-1)and T_(GIRmax)were(88.3?17.0 vs 151.9?34.6)min.The relative bioavailability was(10.26?2.25)%,and the relative bioefficacy was(14.33?7.26)%.Conclusion The study shows that insulin dry powder inhalation is absorbed via lungs and its action sets in earlier than that of the regular insulin injected subcutaneously.These pharmacokinetie and pharmacodynamic data may provide a reliabe guide for further clinical trial.

Objective To study the rationality and possibility of 64 slice spiral CT in the examination of the temporal bone at low dose.Methods The same CT technique and temporal bone mode as those for clinical CT were used,two cranium specimens(four ears)were scanned with Somatom Sensation 64-slice spiral CT at different mA(380,300,200,160,120,80),and muhi-planar reformation was performed.The CT dose index at different mA groups were measured by 10 cm pencil ionization chamber and head dose phantom.Four anatomic structures on axial images(subarcuate fossa,tendon of tensor tympani, facial recess,etc),four anatomic structures on coronal images(scute,crista transversa,fenestra cochleae, etc)and six anatomic structures on double oblique images(malleus,incus,stirrup bone,upper bony semicircular,etc)were chosen to evaluate and grade the reformation images among different mA groups,and to determine the minimum mA value.Ten ears of five patients were used to test the validity of the minimum mA value.Results CT radiation dose was significantly reduced from(47.8?2.7)to(20.1?2.0)raCy (P

Objective:To analyze the concerning guarantee mechanisms during the transformation of the com-munity health service mode. Method:Purposive sampling was adopted. Twelve community health service centers in Beijing, Shanghai, Zhengzhou, and Chengdu, where the transformation of the community health service mode was pi-loted earlier and representative, were selected as the field survey sites. The qualitative method was used to collect da-ta accompanied by the quantitative method. Results: The guarantee mechanisms related to the transformation of the community health service mode could be concluded into four main types:collaboration mechanism, health profession-al training mechanism, incentive mechanism, and policy guarantee mechanism. All of the four mechanisms contribu-ted to the improvement of general teamwork, dual referral systems, and the development of contract and appointment services. Conclusion:During the transformation of the community health service mode, priority strategies include top-down design, health professional training mechanisms, and performance-based incentive mechanism, all of which should be implemented in the future.