Results: All 12 patients recovered the same lengths of both lower extremities after shortened replantation and limb lengthening. The lengthened segments gained good bone mineralization, bony union was achieved at lengthened segments and broken end of fracture at 7-16 months (mean, 11.3 months). All patients were followed up 6 months to 5 years (mean, 2 years and 5 months). The range of motion of the knee joint were 0-5° (mean, 3°) in hyperextension and 110-140° (mean, 120°) in flexion. Except for 2 cases of ankle arthrodesis, plantar flexion angles were 15-45° (mean, 26°) and dorsiflexion angles were 10-25° (mean, 15°) in the other cases. The plantar sensation was restored to the S 3 + level in 4 cases, S 3 level in 6 cases, and S 2 level in 2 cases. At last follow-up, the affected limb function were excellent in 7 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 2 cases according to Kofoed functional evaluation criteria.

Objective To establish HPLC fingerprint of Xinjiaxiangruyin standard decoction soasto provide an analytical method for the quality control of Xinjiaxiangruyin granules. Methods HPLC was conducted on a phenonmenex Luna C18 column us? ing acetonitrile - 0.1% H3PO4 in gradient elution modes as mobile phase, where detection wavelength was 280 nm and detection time was 130 min. With chlorogenic acid as reference peak, the Edition 2012 of “chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system” software was used to establish the standard decoction reference fingerprint, which was then compared with the fingerprint of 5 batchs of the granules for similarity evaluation. Results The similarity of the fingerprints between the 5 batches of granules and the standard decoction was higher than 0.90. Conclusion The method is simple, stable and reproducible, which could be used for the quality control of the granules as an adjuvant method.

Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise and nutritional education on blood lipids, physical fitness and exercise behavior among students with high cholesterol level. Methods: A total of 140 male college students with total cholesterol higher than 200 mg/dl were randomly divided into cycling + nutrition education (BE) group; control group (C). The BE group received 6-weeks intervention (3 times a week, 60 minutes each time, exercise intensity of 50%-70% HRR and 60 minutes of nutrition education per week). Blood lipids, physical fitness, daily dietary intake, and exercise behavior before and after intervention was assessed. Results: BMI and waist-to-hip ratio in the BE group were significantly lower than those in the group C[(25.57±1.77) kg/m2 vs (28.88±2.10) kg/m2], [(0.81±0.03) vs (0.87±0.06)]; Cardiopulmonary fitness was significantly better than group C [(54.45 ± 5.31) vs (50.00 ± 5.29)]. The level of TC of group C was significantly higher than that of group BE [(229.90±25.63) mg/dL vs (195.90±34.79) mg/dL], and the HDL-C of group BE was significantly better than group C [(70.30±8.06) mg/dL vs (58.60±10.42) mg/dL]. The conscious activity of the group BE was significantly better than that of the group C[(78.90±4.58) vs (74.10±5.48)], and the conscious dyskinesia in the group C was significantly higher than that in the group BE[(57.30±5.54) vs (51.40±4.87)], group BE The exercise self-efficacy was better than that of group C [(66.80±8.75) vs (57.10±9.09)], and the difference was statistically significant(t=5.33，4.11，6.22，P<0.05). The daily intake of potato, vegetables, fruits, livestock and poultry, fish and shrimp, eggs, milk and beans in the group BE was in a reasonable range, which was significantly better than that before intervention and group C(P<0.01). Conclusion In summary, intervention combined with moderate-intensity exercise and nutrition education shows significant effects in improving cardiopulmonary fitness, HDL-C level, and lowering BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and total cholesterol value; 6-week exercise intervention improves self-conscious sports interests, conscious movement disorders and cognitive self-efficacy; nutrition education intervention helps guide college students to take reasonable dietary behavior and reasonable intake of food.

AIM: To explore the predictive value of the combination of triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index, nesfatin-1, and retinol-binding protein 4(RBP4)for diabetic retinopathy, and provide evidence for early prediction of DR.METHODS: The clinical data of 164 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)who admitted to the hospital between February 2022 and December 2023 were retrospectively collected. Based on the fundus examination results, these patients were divided into two groups: the DR group(n=43), including proliferative DR(PDR, n=19)and non-proliferative DR(NPDR, n=24), and the T2DM without DR group(n=121). The TyG index and the level of nesfatin-1 and RBP4 were measured after admission.RESULTS:T2DM patients with DR had a longer disease duration compared with T2DM patients without DR, and the DR group had higher fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, TyG index, and RBP4 levels, while lower high-density lipoprotein and nesfatin-1 levels(all P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that the duration of T2DM(OR=1.338, 95%CI: 1.059-1.690), glycosylated hemoglobin(OR=5.065, 95%CI: 1.659-15.470), low density lipoprotein(OR=12.715, 95%CI: 2.385-67.790), TyG index(OR=23.057, 95%CI: 2.936-181.073)and RBP4(OR=1.319, 95%CI: 1.028-1.692)were the independent risk factors for DR, while nesfatin-1(OR=0.007, 95%CI: 0.003-0.016)was an independent protective factor for DR. The ROC curves were drawn, and the results indicated that the TyG index, nesfatin-1, and RBP4 had certain predictive values for DR patients with T2DM, with areas under curve(AUC)of 0.804, 0.878 and 0.738, respectively. The combined AUC of the TyG index, nesfatin-1, and RBP4 was 0.946, sensitivity was 83.72%, and specificity was 92.56%. Patients with PDR had a higher TyG index, higher RBP4 level, and lower nesfatin-1 level than patients with NPDR(all P<0.05). Spearman's correlations indicated a positive association between the TyG index, RBP4 and DR degree, and a negative association between nesfatin-1 and DR degree(rs=0.557, 0.392, -0.359, repectively, all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicated a negative correlation between the TyG index and the levels of nesfatin-1, a positive correlation between the TyG index and the levels of RBP4, and a negative correlation between the levels of nesfatin-1 and RBP4 in DR patients with T2DM(r=-0.486, 0.538, -0.592, all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The serum of TyG index and the levels of nesfatin-1 and RBP4 were early predictive markers for DR and were associated with the risk of the occurrence and severity of the disease. Besides, the combined prediction performance of TyG index, nesfatin-1, and RBP4 was better for DR.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of different concentrations of linolenin on inhibiting apoptosis of chondrocytes in the growth plate, and to screen the optimal concentration of linolenin, so as to provide theoretical support for delaying epiphyseal closure and promoting long bone growth in rats. METHODS: Two 4-week-old male SD rats (SPF grade) with a body mass of 80 g were selected. The growth plate cartilage of rat tibia and femur was dissected and isolated in vitro to obtain growth plate chondrocytes for culture. The chondrocytes were observed and identified by inverted phase contrast microscope and typeⅡ collagen immunofluorescence test, and then 20 ng/ml IL-1β was used to induce apoptosis of growth plate chondrocytes as model group, and added with 1, 10, 20, 40 μM linolenin as the experimental group, and 5 μM letrozole as the positive control group. The cells were cultured for 24 and 48 hours respectively. The drug promoted cell proliferation was observed by MTT method, and the drug inhibited cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Contents 1, 10, 20, 40 μM could promote cell proliferation in varying degrees, and the principle was that the drug inhibits IL-1β induced chondrocyte apoptosis in the growth plate, and the optimal concentration of drugs to inhibit apoptosis was 20 μM. CONCLUSION The appropriate concentration of linseed lignans can significantly inhibit the apoptosis of chondrocytes in the growth plate of rats, and the optimal drug concentration is 20 μM. It provides possibility for delayed bone closure and longer growth time to promote bone growth during development.
Male ; Rats ; Animals ; Growth Plate ; Chondrocytes ; Flax ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Apoptosis ; Lignans/pharmacology*

Da Chaihutang from the Treatise on Febrile Disease （Shanghanlun） has the function of harmonizing lesser Yang and discharging internal heat. It is formulated by ZHANG Zhongjing for the concurrent diseases of lesser Yang and Yang brightness and has been widely used in the treatment of digestive system diseases， especially malignant tumors. By review of the articles published in the last 20 years， this paper summarizes the application of Da Chaihutang in treating digestive system tumors from syndrome analysis， clinical research， and mechanism research. Da Chaihutang can treat the syndrome involving lesser Yang and Yang brightness in the digestive system， release interior and exterior to expel pathogen， and remove obstruction by conforming to the descending nature of the six fu-organs. In clinical practice， Da Chaihutang can directly treat digestive system malignant tumors such as liver cancer， pancreatic cancer， intestinal cancer， gastric cancer， and gallbladder cancer. In addition， it can relieve common complications of digestive system malignant tumors， such as cancerous fever， malignant obstructive jaundice， and constipation. Moreover， it can alleviate the adverse reactions caused by Western medical treatment， such as post-embolization syndrome， side effects of chemotherapy， and incomplete postoperative obstruction. Da Chaihutang is effective when used alone as it can relieve clinical symptoms， improve prognosis， and prolong survival of advanced patients and is safe and non-toxic， suitable for long-term use by tumor patients. Regarding the mechanism， Da Chaihutang can promote the apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells， reduce inflammation and inflammatory injury， and improve the liver function. The clear effect and mechanism confirms the anti-tumor effect of Da Chaihutang. This paper comprehensively describes the current research status of Da Chaihutang in the treatment of digestive system tumors and puts forward the deficiencies and improvement measures for the current research， aiming to provide reference for the application of this formula in treating digestive system tumors， the establishment of Chinese and Western medicine treatment schemes of tumors， and the research and development of anti-tumor drugs.

ObjectiveBased on tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α）/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 （TNFR1）/receptor-interacting protein kinases （RIPKs） signaling pathway， this paper aims to study the effect of modified Erchentang on inflammation in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） and explore its mechanism of action. MethodA total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， high， medium， and low-dose groups （20， 10， 5 g·kg^-1·d^-1） of modified Erchentang， and Xiaokechuan group （3.5 mL·kg^-1·d^-1）， with 10 rats in each group. The COPD rat model was established by cigarette smoke combined with lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. The normal group and model group were given the same amount of normal saline for 21 days by gavage administration. The contents of TNF-α and TNFR1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect mRNA expressions of RIPK1， RIPK3， and mixed lineage kinase domain-like （MLKL） in the lung tissue. The protein expressions of RIPK1， RIPK3， and MLKL in the lung tissue were detected by Western blot. The pathological changes in lung tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. ResultCompared with the normal group， the contents of TNF-α and TNFR1 in BALF of the model group were significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the mRNA and protein expression levels of RIPK1， RIPK3， and MLKL in the lung tissue were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the contents of TNF-α and TNFR1 in BALF of high， medium， and low-dose groups of modified Erchentang and Xiaokechuan group were decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RIPK1， RIPK3， and MLKL in the lung tissue were decreased to different degrees （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Erchentang can effectively improve the inflammatory response of lung tissue in COPD rats， and the mechanism may be by inhibiting the activation of the TNF-α/TNFR1/RIPKs signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the expression of CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane (CMTM)domain-containing family in clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)and its significance.Methods Seventy-five samples of ccRCC were collected,including 50 males and 25 females,mean age (59 ± 10)years.There were 34 cases in clinical stage Ⅰ,23 cases in stage Ⅱ,14 cases in stage Ⅲ and 4 cases in stage Ⅳ.The pathological differentiation was 3 cases of grade Ⅰ,1 case of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ,35 cases of grade Ⅱ,10 cases of grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ,18 cases of grade Ⅲ,3 cases of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ and 5 cases of grade Ⅳ.The expression of CMTM3 and CMTM5 proteins in 75 cases of ccRCC and corresponding adjacent normal kidney tissues was detected by tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry.Results The positive expression rate of CMTM3 and CMTM5 was 98.7％,97.3％ in the adjacent normal kidney tissues,and 44.0％,68.0％ in ccRCC tissues(P ＜ 0.05).The expression of CMTM3 and CMTM5 had no correlation with the gender,age,clinical staging and pathological differentiation(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion CMTM3 and CMTM5 could be ccRCC suppressor genes,and their mutation or methylation might be an early event in the carcinogenesis of ccRCC,thus promise them to be potential biomarkers in early diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the antiproliferative effects of beta-sitosterul and its mechanism in hepatoma HepG2 cells.

METHODCell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by high content screening (HCS). The protein expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bcl-2, Bax, tBid and cytochrome c in the HepG2 cells were evaluated by Western Blots.

RESULTbeta-Sitosterul exerted significant antiproliferative effects in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, beta-sitosterul also induced HepG2 cells apoptosis, lost mitochondrial membrane potential, activated caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, up-regulate Bax, tBid protein, down-regulation Bcl-2 protein. However, beta-sitosterul had hardly any effects on QSG7701 cells.

CONCLUSIONbeta-Sitosterul exerted antiproliferative effects and induced HepG2 cells apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway and membrane death receptor pathway.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Sitosterols ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo purpose of study aimed at investigating the technique of culturing oral epithelia in vitro and to set up an experimental model for further reconstructing oral mucosa in vitro.

METHODSThe oral mucosa was taken from young New Zealand rabbits, and the mucosa was digested with enzyme and suspended in liquid to form cellular suspension. Being seeded, the cells were cultured motionlessly. The medium was changed regularly and the cells were subcultured.

RESULTSThe cultured cells were all epithelial cells without fibroblasts, and they were proved to be diploid cells. The cells were subcultured in 1-13 generations which survived for 50-60 days.

CONCLUSIONThe oral epithelium of young New Zealand rabbit can be cultured in vitro, maintaining the ability to proliferate in a certain period. It is a pilot study to reconstruct oral tissue in vitro.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Female ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Male ; Mice ; Mouth Mucosa ; cytology ; Rabbits ; Tissue Engineering