Objective To study the MSCT appearances of thymic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs)and its correlation with the WHO histological grade.Methods MSCT features of 16 patients with thymic NETs confirmed by pathology were analyzed retro-spectively.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to tumor's grade,i.e.low and intermediate grade,high grade.Results There were 8 patients in low and intermediate grade,8 in high grade.No difference was found among tumor location,size,tumor morphology,calcification,pericardiac thickening,pericardial effusion,pleural thickening,pleural effusion,disappearance of fat line around tumor and mass-pulmonary interface with irregular shape,but significant difference was detected in lymph node metastasis. On enhanced MSCT scanning,statistical difference was detected in linear enhancement of the blood vessels in the tumors,but no difference was found between necrosis and peripheral vessel invasion.Conclusion MSCT findings of different grades in thymic NETs have some characteristics and can be helpful in the grades of predictability.

Objective To investigate the correlation of CT features and pathological characteristics with epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene mutations in invasive peripheral pulmonary adenocarcinoma.Methods The amplification refractory mutation system was used to determine EGFR mutations in 1 9 3 surgically resected invasive peripheral pulmonary adenocarcinomas.CT features and pathological characteristics were analyzed retrospectively.Results The total EGFR mutation rate was 62.2% (120/193).Among the features on CT,the maximum tumor diameter (Dmax)in axial plane CT images was significantly smaller in patients with EGFR mutations than that with wild-type EGFR patients [(2.52 ± 1.01)cm vs (3.11 ± 1.34)cm,P<0.05].Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)results indicated that Dmax=2.01 cm was the diagnosis threshold in forecasting EGFR gene mutations,with the sensitivity and specificity of 79% and 64%,respectively.The frequency of EGFR mutations was significantly greater in tumors with ground-glass opacity(GGO)than that without GGO (78.0% vs 56.6%,P<0.05),and in tumors without cystic airspaces than that with cystic airspaces (65.5% vs 40.0%,P<0.05).No correlations were observed between EGFR mutations and other CT features,including GGO/tumor ratio(G/T),lobulation,spiculation,pleural retraction,vascular convergence,air bronchograms,and vacuole signs (P>0.05).Among pathological characteristics,compared with other subtypes,EGFR mutations occurred most frequently in lepidic predominant adeno-carcinomas (77.5% vs 58.2% in other subtypes,P<0.05),and the least frequently in solid predominant adenocarcinomas(26.3%vs 66.1% in other subtypes,P<0.05).The EGFR mutation rate was significantly higher in tumors without lymph node metastases than that with lymph node metastases (66.9%vs 50.9%,P<0.05).Conclusion The CT features and pathological characteristics may be useful indicators to predict EGFR mutation status in invasive peripheral pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To explore high chest resolution CT (HRCT) manifestations of early stage corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-2019). Methods: Chest HRCT findings of 31 COVID-2019 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Chest HRCT showed vary degrees changes of pneumonia within 1 week of onset. Multiple lesions (3 or more lesions) were found in 23 cases. Lesions affected 2 and more pulmonary lobes were observed in 24 cases, while single pulmonary lobe involvement was observed in 7 cases. Multiple ground-glass opacity (GGO) was noticed in 22 patients, while in other 9 cases multiple GGO mixed consolidation were found, all had fuzzy boundaries. The lesions presented at peripheral lungs in 25 cases, while in 6 cases presented at peripheral combined and central lungs. Lesions of irregular morphology were observed in 26 cases, while rounded morphology and sphericity were observed in the other 5 cases. Air bronchogram was noticed in 26 cases, thickening vascular in the lesions were found in 29 case, thickened intralobular interstitium in 24 cases, thickened interlobular interstitium in 6 cases, centrilobular nodules in 2 cases and a small amount of pleural effusion in 1 case. Conclusion: The early chest HRCT manifestations of COVID-2019 have certain characteristics. Combination of clinical history and chest HRCT manifestations is conducive to early diagnosis COVID-2019.

OBJECTIVE: To locate the recurrent laryngeal nerve fascicles in vagus and investigate the effect of the split-vagus nerve procedure to repair the paralyzed vocal cord in rats. METHOD: The method of dissection and acetylcholinesterase histochemical staining of neural fibers were used to locate the recurrent laryngeal nerve fascicles in vagus. Then 60 SD rats were divided into three groups. In experimental group right recurrent laryngeal nerve were incised and anastomosed to recurrent laryngeal nerve fascicles in vagus by means of the split-vagus nerve procedure. In control group right recurrent laryngeal nerve were incised and sutured immediately by means of end-to-end nerve anastomosis. In normal group rats were not treated by any elements. Three months later, rats from each group were examined for vocal cord movement and nerve regeneration by using fibrolaryngoscope and nerve electromyography. RESULT: The recurrent laryngeal nerve fascicles is in the medial-anterior segment of the vagus and its diameter is about one-fourth as large as the vagus. Three months after operation, the effect of the split-vagus nerve procedure bad not significant difference compared with the control group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The location of the recurrent laryngeal nerve fascicles in vagus provides important anatomical guideline for surgery. The split-vagus nerve procedure has a similar treatment effect compared with end-to-end nerve anastomosis. This microsurgical technique provides a new method for repairing recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Animals ; Nerve Regeneration ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ; surgery ; Vagus Nerve ; surgery ; Vocal Cord Paralysis ; surgery

Objective: To determine the current prevalence of health risk behaviors among college students in Henan Province, and to conduct an in depth analysis of the impact of cumulative ecological risks on health risk behaviors, so as to provide scientific basis for promoting healthy development of adolescents. Methods: Using a multi stage stratified cluster sampling method, 9 743 college students from six universities in Henan Province were included as the research subjects from April to June 2023. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the College Student Cumulative Ecological Risk Scale and the China Urban Adolescent Health Related Behavior Survey Questionnaire (University Version). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, Chi square test and binary Logistic regression. Results: The reporting rates of unhealthy eating behavior, unhealthy weight loss behaviors, lack of physical activity, daily risk behaviors, negative emotions, current smoking behavior current drinking behaviors, Internet addiction emotions and dangerous sexual behaviors among college students in Henan Province were 40.2%, 39.5%, 76.0%, 13.7%, 28.1%, 11.3%, 12.7%, 5.9% and 2.2%, respectively. The reporting rates of negative emotions, current smoking behaviors, current drinking behaviors, dangerous sexual behaviors and daily risk behaviors of college students were higher in boys than in girls ( χ 2=44.00, 995.20, 902.49, 121.95, 103.09, P <0.05). In terms of reporting rates of unhealthy diet, unhealthy weight loss and lack of exercise behavior, girls were higher than boys ( χ 2=107.59, 13.01, 145.83, P <0.05). Cumulative ecological risk was positively correlated with overall health risk behaviors. For every unit increase in the cumulative ecological risk index, the risk of health risk behaviors among college students increased by 48%. Conclusions The prevalence of health risk behaviors among college students is relatively common. It should adrocate for a healthy lifestyle, reduce the cumulative ecological risk and the occurrence of health risk behaviors to promote the healthy development of adolescents.

Background: The influencing factors of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were explored to develop and validate a DKD diagnostic tool based on nomogram approach for patients with T2DM. Methods: A total of 2,163 in-hospital patients with diabetes diagnosed from March 2015 to March 2017 were enrolled. Specified logistic regression models were used to screen the factors and establish four different diagnostic tools based on nomogram according to the final included variables. Discrimination and calibration were used to assess the performance of screening tools. Results: Among the 2,163 participants with diabetes (1,227 men and 949 women), 313 patients (194 men and 120 women) were diagnosed with DKD. Four different screening equations (full model, laboratory-based model 1 [LBM1], laboratory-based model 2 [LBM2], and simplified model) showed good discriminations and calibrations. The C-indexes were 0.8450 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8202 to 0.8690) for full model, 0.8149 (95% CI, 0.7892 to 0.8405) for LBM1, 0.8171 (95% CI, 0.7912 to 0.8430) for LBM2, and 0.8083 (95% CI, 0.7824 to 0.8342) for simplified model. According to Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, good agreement between the predicted and observed DKD events in patients with diabetes was observed for full model (χ2=3.2756, P=0.9159), LBM1 (χ2=7.749, P=0.4584), LBM2 (χ2=10.023, P=0.2634), and simplified model (χ2=12.294, P=0.1387). Conclusion LBM1, LBM2, and simplified model exhibited excellent predictive performance and availability and could be recommended for screening DKD cases among Chinese patients with diabetes.

Background: The influencing factors of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were explored to develop and validate a DKD diagnostic tool based on nomogram approach for patients with T2DM. Methods: A total of 2,163 in-hospital patients with diabetes diagnosed from March 2015 to March 2017 were enrolled. Specified logistic regression models were used to screen the factors and establish four different diagnostic tools based on nomogram according to the final included variables. Discrimination and calibration were used to assess the performance of screening tools. Results: Among the 2,163 participants with diabetes (1,227 men and 949 women), 313 patients (194 men and 120 women) were diagnosed with DKD. Four different screening equations (full model, laboratory-based model 1 [LBM1], laboratory-based model 2 [LBM2], and simplified model) showed good discriminations and calibrations. The C-indexes were 0.8450 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8202 to 0.8690) for full model, 0.8149 (95% CI, 0.7892 to 0.8405) for LBM1, 0.8171 (95% CI, 0.7912 to 0.8430) for LBM2, and 0.8083 (95% CI, 0.7824 to 0.8342) for simplified model. According to Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, good agreement between the predicted and observed DKD events in patients with diabetes was observed for full model (χ2=3.2756, P=0.9159), LBM1 (χ2=7.749, P=0.4584), LBM2 (χ2=10.023, P=0.2634), and simplified model (χ2=12.294, P=0.1387). Conclusion LBM1, LBM2, and simplified model exhibited excellent predictive performance and availability and could be recommended for screening DKD cases among Chinese patients with diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression and significance of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in subjects with allergic inflammation of respiratory tract. METHOD: Thirty-nine subjects with allergic rhinitis and asthma (allergic rhinitis and asthma group) and twenty-one subjects with only allergic rhinitis (allergic rhinitis group) were divided into two group. Bronchial and nasal biopsy specimens were taken and were stained with HE. The expression of VCAM-1 in nasal and bronchial mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry technique. RESULT: The amounts of eosinophils within bronchial mucosa of allergic rhinitis and asthma group were significantly higher than that of allergic rhinitis group (t=12.81, P<0.01). The difference of VCAM-1 expression between allergic rhinitis group and allergic rhinitis and asthma group was not statistically significant . The amounts of VCAM-1 positive cell in bronchial mucosa of allergic rhinitis and asthma group were significantly higher than that of allergic rhinitis group (t=9.43, P<0.01). The number of VCAM-1 positive cells in bronchial mucosa was significantly positively correlated with the number of eosinophils in bronchial mucosa of allergic rhinitis and asthma group (r=0.783, P<0.01). CONCLUSION This study shows that upregulation of VCAM results in generalized airway inflammation in patients with allergic rhinitis.
Adult ; Asthma ; complications ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Rhinitis ; complications ; metabolism ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

Objective: To analyze current status of physical exercise of primary and middle school students in Henan province, and to explore its relationship with physical fitness. Methods: Data on physical exercise and related indicators among 9-18 years old students was retrieved from Henan Provincial Student Physical Fitness and Health Survey in 2019. Physical fitness index (PFI), body mass index (BMI) was calculated. ANOVA was used to compare differences of physical exercise between men and women, urban and rural areas. Correlations between physical exercise with PFI and BMI were evaluated. Results: The majority of students had two PE classes per week (41.9%), daily active recess (44.5%), one sports meeting in each school year (46.8%), and half to one hour of physical exercise per day (50.1%). Boys were more likely to exercise than girls, while rural students were more likely to excecise than urban students. The proportion of parents who support sports activities in their spare time was the highest (75.8%), and the proportion of parents who both like sports was the highest (47.3%). PFI was positively correlated with exercise scores and negatively correlated with non exercise scores. BMI was negatively correlated with exercise scores and positively correlated with non exercise scores ( r =0.12, -0.13, -0.20, 0.14, P ＜0.01). Conclusion Physical exercise of primary and middle school students in Henan is satisfactory.Exercise scores are positively correlated with physical fitness, but negatively correlated with BMI.

Objective: To analyze dental caries and associated factors among primary and middle school students in Henan Province, so as to provide reference for dental caries prevention and control. Methods: The data of physical health survey of students in Henan Province in 2019 was analyzed for caries and other related index of students aged 7, 9, 12, 14 years. Chi square test was used to compare detection rate of caries by sex and residence, analysis of variance was used to compare the height between with and without risk of caries, and Logistic regression analysis was conducted for the influencing factors of caries. Results: The caries rate was 56.6%. And the male students (53.4%) was lower than the female students (59.7%). The urban students (53.4%) was lower than the rural students (59.8%)( χ 2=52.31,54.00, P <0.01). The height of the caries free group was higher than that of the caries group, and the height difference was 0.5-1.6 cm; the prevalence of caries decreased with the increase of age( χ 2=992.01, P < 0.01 ). The detection rate of anemia in caries group (16.7%) was higher than that in caries free group (14.9%)( χ 2=7.98, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ( OR =0.82) gender ( OR =1.27) urban area and rural ( OR =1.26) overweight ( OR =0.67) and obesity ( OR = 0.67 ) were all influencing factors of dental caries( P <0.01). Conclusion Dental caries is high among primary and middle school students in Henan Province, and dental caries affects their growth, development and nutritional status, and the prevention and control measures of dental caries among primary and middle school students should be strengthened.