Cerebral Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Thrombolytic Therapy

An increase in the dose of chemotherapy enhances the response of many experimental and clinical cancers, but the extent of chemotherapy dose escalation and repeated use is often limited by myelosuppression. The side effects of chemotherapy including bleeding and infection due to myelosuppression have resulted in delayed therapy and a reduction in the therapeutic dose, therefore it is necessary to overcome myelosuppression especially leukopenia in patients with gynecologic malignancies who recieved chemotherapy. This study is undertaken to investigate the clinical effects of rhG-CSF(recombinant human Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor) in 29 patients with gynecologic malignancy who recieved chemotherapy. It was given at a dose of 100 microgram bid/day subcutaneously until significantly increase of leukocyte count in leukopenic patient. The results showed, the rhG-CSF has significantly increased the number and function of leukocyte. The use of rhG-CSF was effective and useful to treat chemotherapy induced leukopenia and to accelerate the recovery from this complications.
Drug Therapy* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans* ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; Leukopenia*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of self-efficacy promoting program on self-efficacy, self-care, and anxiety in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. METHOD: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pre and post design was used. Subjects were 52 cancer patients who received chemotherapy in a hospital. Twenty-six patients were assigned to the experimental and the control groups, respectively. For the experimental group, the CD image for fifteen minutes and two consultations for about ten minutes each were applied. For the control group, ordinary hospital care was applied. The data was collected before and 2 weeks after chemotherapy. RESULT: The scores of self-efficacy and self-care of the experimental group was higher than those of the control group while the state of anxiety of the experimental group was not lower than that of the control group at posttest. CONCLUSION: The self-efficacy promoting program about prevention of infection and hemorrhage increased cancer patients' self-efficacy and self-care but did not decrease anxiety. Further study is needed to find other factors to decrease anxiety and nurses need to consider the concept of self-efficacy in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy when they plan to increase cancer patients' self-care.
Anxiety* ; Drug Therapy ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Referral and Consultation ; Self Care*

Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery ; therapy ; Fibrosis ; complications ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; therapy ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; therapy

BACKGROUNDThe influence of blood pressure (BP) lowering on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients is unclear. To assess the safety and efficacy of aggressive antihypertensive therapies in acute ICH patients, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODSPubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP database up to July 2014 were searched. High-quality randomized controlled trials were included. Low-quality trials were excluded. Serious adverse events were defined as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes were hematoma enlargement (HE) at 24 h after onset, mortality, and favorable clinical outcome at 90 days.

RESULTSFour high-quality trials involving a total of 1427 patients met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Odds ratios (ORs) of primary outcome was 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI ]: 0.82-1.13, P = 0.61). ORs of HE at 24 h after onset, mortality and favorable clinical outcome at 90 days were 0.91 (95% CI: 0.72-1.17, P = 0.47), 0.97 (95% CI: 0.79-1.20, P = 0.81), 1.13 (95% CI: 0.98-1.30, P = 0.09) respectively.

CONCLUSIONSAggressive BP management policies are safe and might have a potency of reducing HE and improving clinical outcome.

Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; Hematoma ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; drug therapy ; Gastric Fundus ; drug effects ; Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Ultrasonography ; methods

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical features of hemophilia A (HA), and the factors associated with the factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitor development.

METHODSOne huandred and thirteen patients with HA were recruited in this retrospective study, among whom, 85 were treated with FVIII replacement therapy. The FVIII inhibitor levels and factors associated with the inhibitor development were correspondingly investigated in these 85 patients.

RESULTSFVIII inhibitor developed in 28.24% of the 85 severe and moderate patients treated with FVIII. Factors of statistical significance (P < 0.05) associated with the low-titer FVIII inhibitor development were as follows: the first enduring adminstration of FVIII, the situation of the patients, and the high dose FVIII used in severe bleeding or major operation.

CONCLUSIONThe development of FVIII inhibitor by Bethesda assay in Chinese hemophilia A patients is not rare, especially that with low-titer. Most of them are severe and moderate patients. The inhibitor development was associated with the following factors: the first adminstration of FVIII for more than 5 days, the severe or moderate conditions of patients, the high dose FVIII used in severe bleeding or major operation.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Factor VIII ; administration & dosage ; Hemophilia A ; therapy ; Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

Endogenously eliminating the hematoma is a favorable strategy in addressing intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study sought to determine the role of retinoid X receptor-α (RXR-α) in the context of hematoma absorption after ICH. Our results showed that pharmacologically activating RXR-α with bexarotene significantly accelerated hematoma clearance and alleviated neurological dysfunction after ICH. RXR-α was expressed in microglia/macrophages, neurons, and astrocytes. Mechanistically, bexarotene promoted the nuclear translocation of RXR-α and PPAR-γ, as well as reducing neuroinflammation by modulating microglia/macrophage reprograming from the M1 into the M2 phenotype. Furthermore, all the beneficial effects of RXR-α in ICH were reversed by the PPAR-γ inhibitor GW9662. In conclusion, the pharmacological activation of RXR-α confers robust neuroprotection against ICH by accelerating hematoma clearance and repolarizing microglia/macrophages towards the M2 phenotype through PPAR-γ-related mechanisms. Our data support the notion that RXR-α might be a promising therapeutic target for ICH.
Anilides/pharmacology* ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/drug therapy* ; Hematoma/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Macrophages ; Microglia ; Neuroprotection ; PPAR gamma ; Retinoid X Receptor alpha

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects of low- and intermediate-dose factor Ⅷ (F Ⅷ) prophylaxis in Chinese adult patients with severe hemophilia A. Methods: Thirty adult patients with severe hemophilia A who received low- (n=20) /intermediate-dose (n=10) F Ⅷ prophylaxis at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University Medical College were included in the study. The annual bleeding rate (ABR), annual joint bleeding rate (AJBR), number of target joints, functional independence score of hemophilia (FISH), quality of life score, and health status score (SF-36) before and after preventive treatment were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results: The median follow-up was 48 months. Compared with on-demand treatment, low- and intermediate-dose prophylaxis significantly reduced ABR, AJBR, and the number of target joints (P<0.05) ; the improvement in the intermediate-dose prophylaxis group was better than that in the low-dose prophylaxis group (P<0.05). Compared with on-demand treatment, the FISH score, quality of life score, and SF-36 score significantly improved in both groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion: In Chinese adults with severe hemophilia A, low- and intermediate-dose prophylaxis can significantly reduce bleeding frequency, delay the progression of joint lesions, and improve the quality of life of patients as compared with on-demand treatment. The improvement in clinical bleeding was better with intermediate-dose prophylaxis than low-dose prophylaxis.
Humans ; Hemophilia A/drug therapy* ; Factor VIII/therapeutic use* ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Hemarthrosis/prevention & control* ; Hemorrhage/drug therapy*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effect and safety of somatostatin in the treatment of postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding in neonates.

METHODSA prospective randomized study was performed, and 126 neonates who underwent surgery for congenital gastrointestinal anomalies were randomly divided into control group, treatment group A, and treatment group B. The neonates in the control group were given routine postoperative hemostasis, and those in the treatment groups were given somatostatin in addition to the treatment for the control group. The neonates in treatment group A were given intravenous injection of somatostatin 0.25 mg as the initial dose and 0.25 mg/h for maintenance, and those in treatment group B were given continuous intravenous pumping of somatostatin at a dose of 3.5 μg/(kg·h). The clinical outcome and complications were compared between the three groups.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the treatment groups had significantly shortened clearance time in occult blood test for gastrointestinal decompression drainage and a significantly lower degree of the reduction in 24-hour hemoglobin (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences between treatment groups A and B. Compared with the control group, treatment group A had significant reductions in heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), blood pressure (BP), and SaO2 after one hour of treatment (P<0.05 ), but there were no significant differences at the other time points between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in monitoring indices between the control group and treatment group B (P>0.05). No neonates in the control group experienced hypoglycemia reaction, and treatment group A had a significantly higher incidence rate of hypoglycemia (20%) than treatment group B (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSomatostatin has a marked clinical effect and good safety in the treatment of neonates with postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding, and the administration of somatostatin by continuous intravenous pumping leads to fewer side effects.

Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; drug therapy ; Prospective Studies ; Somatostatin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use