Child ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; etiology ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; complications ; diagnosis

Adult ; Bronchi ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Bronchial Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Young Adult

Adult ; Case Report ; Goodpasture Syndrome/physiopathology ; Goodpasture Syndrome/complications* ; Hemoptysis/etiology* ; Human ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Male

Adult ; Aneurysm ; complications ; Bronchial Arteries ; pathology ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; methods ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans

Actinomycosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; etiology ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence

Adult ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; etiology ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; abnormalities ; Recurrence ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Intralobar sequestration (ILS) is an uncommon abnormality that accounts for 75% of all pulmonary sequestrations. Over the years there have been several reports of various presenting signs of which hemoptysis was commonly described, however, massive hemoptysis and hemothorax is extremely rare in literature. We present a case of a 45-year-old man who died of fatal complication from an ILS. This case report shows an uncommon presentation of ILS with massive hemoptysis and hemothorax resulting in a dramatic course of disease and a fatal outcome, and for this reason in the absence of trauma or other causes for massive hemoptysis, hemothorax, or lung hematoma, this possibility should be kept in mind so as to avoid misdiagnosis, and resection of the sequestered tissue should be considered in all patients.
Bronchopulmonary Sequestration ; etiology ; Fatal Outcome ; Hemoptysis ; complications ; Hemothorax ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

PURPOSE: Bronchiectasis is the main cause of hemoptysis. When patients with bronchiectasis develop hemoptysis, clinicians often perform bronchoscopy and bronchial washing to obtain samples for microbiological and cytological examinations. Bronchial washing fluids were analyzed from patients with bronchiectasis who developed hemoptysis, and the clinical impacts of these analyses were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study of patients who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy for hemoptysis in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, a university affiliated tertiary referral hospital, between January 2006 and December 2010 were reviewed. Among them, patients who had bronchiectasis confirmed by computed tomography and had no definite cause of hemoptysis other than bronchiectasis were reviewed. The demographic characteristics, bronchoscopy findings, microbiological data, pathology results and clinical courses of these patients were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 130 patients were reviewed. Bacteria, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were isolated from bronchial washing fluids of 29.5%, 21.3%, and 0.8% patients, respectively. Suspected causal bacteria were isolated only from bronchial washing fluid in 19 patients, but this analysis led to antibiotics change in only one patient. Of the 27 patients in whom NTM were isolated from bronchial washing fluid, none of these patients took anti-NTM medication during the median follow-up period of 505 days. Malignant cells were not identified in none of the patients. CONCLUSION: Bronchial washing is a useful method to identify microorganisms when patients with bronchiectasis develop hemoptysis. However, these results only minimally affect clinical decisions.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bronchiectasis/*complications/microbiology ; Bronchoscopy ; Female ; Hemoptysis/*diagnosis/etiology/microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the causes, clinical features, therapy and treatment outcomes of recurrent hemoptysis in children and to improve the skills of pediatricians in the etiological diagnosis and treatment of recurrent hemoptysis in children.

METHODSThe clinical, laboratory, and imaging data of 39 children with recurrent hemoptysis between January 1996 and February 2013 were collected to retrospectively analyze the age of onset, etiology, amount of hemoptysis, imaging changes, treatment methods, and follow-up outcomes.

RESULTSIn the 39 children, including idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (16 cases, 41%), pulmonary vascular malformation (8 cases, 21%), pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (7 cases, 18%), bronchiectasis (3 cases, 8%), pulmonary tuberculosis (2 cases, 5%), pulmonary cystic fibrosis (2 cases, 5%), and lung tumor (1 case, 3%). The contrast-enhanced lung CT scans and pulmonary and bronchial arteriography revealed varying degrees of lung imaging changes in 35 cases. Of all cases, 51% were classified as degree I, 28% as degree II, and 21% as degree III. All children were treated according to the etiology, with the disease controlled. During 0.5-5 years of follow-up, 3 patients with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis were lost to follow-up, and the other cases did not develop hemoptysis again.

CONCLUSIONSIdiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis is the main cause of recurrent hemoptysis in children. Contrast-enhanced lung CT scans and pulmonary and bronchial arteriography are important methods for the etiological diagnosis of recurrent hemoptysis in children. Treatment methods should be selected according to the etiology.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Recurrence ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Bronchial Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Hemoptysis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology ; Radiography