Ceftriaxone-induced immune haemolytic anemia is rare but severe complication of this type of antibiotics. In this article, we present a 43-year old patient who suffered from ceftriaxone-induced haemolysis complicated with acute portal vein thrombosis. After successful salvage and transfusion, we underwent thrombolysis via superior mesenteric artery route. Totally recanaliztion achieved. Repeated CT venography showed portal vein still patent with 6 months oral anti coagulation treatment.
Adult ; Ceftriaxone ; adverse effects ; Female ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Humans ; Portal Vein ; pathology ; Venous Thrombosis ; physiopathology

BACKGROUND: The identification of in vitro hemolysis (IVH) using a hematology analyzer is challenging because centrifugation of the specimens cannot be performed for cell counts. In the present study, we aimed to develop a scoring system to help identify the presence of hemolysis in anticoagulated blood specimens. METHODS: Thirty-seven potassium EDTA anticoagulated blood specimens were obtained, and each specimen was divided into 3 aliquots (A, B, and C). Aliquots B and C were mechanically hemolyzed by aspirating 2 and 5 times, respectively, using a 27-gauge needle and then tested; aliquot A was analyzed immediately without any hemolysis. After the cells were counted, aliquots B and C were centrifuged and the supernatants were tested for the hemolytic index and lactate dehydrogenase levels. RESULTS: The 4 hematologic parameters were selected and scored from 0 to 3 as follows:< 34.0, 34.0-36.2, 36.3-38.4, and > or =38.5 for mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC, g/dL); <0.02, 0.02, 0.03, and > or =0.04 for red blood cell ghosts (10(12)/L); <0.13, 0.13-0.38, 0.39-1.30, and > or =1.31 for difference value (g/dL) of measured hemoglobin and calculated hemoglobin; and <0.26, 0.26-0.95, 0.96-3.34, and > or =3.35 for difference value (g/dL) of MCHC and cell hemoglobin concentration mean. The hemolysis score was calculated by adding all the scores from the 4 parameters. At the cutoff hemolysis score of 3, the IVH of aliquots B and C were detected as 64.9% and 91.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The scoring system might provide effective screening for detecting spurious IVH.
Anticoagulants/*pharmacology ; *Blood Specimen Collection ; Edetic Acid/pharmacology ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Hemolysis/drug effects ; Humans

To study the hemolytic effect of polyphyllin II (PP II) mediated by anion channel protein and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), in order to initially reveal its hemolytic mechanism in vitro. In the experiment, the spectrophotometric method was adopted to detect the hemolysis of PP II in vitro and the effect of anion channel-related solution and blocker, glucose channel-related inhibitor and multi-target drugs dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and diazepam on the hemolysis of PP II. The scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe the effect of PP II on erythrocyte (RBC) morphology. The results showed that PP II -processed blood cells were severely deformed into spherocytes, acanthocyturia and vesicae. According to the results of the PP II hemolysis experiment in vitro, the anion hypertonic solution LiCl, NaHCO3, Na2SO4 and PBS significantly inhibited the hemolysis induced by PP II (P < 0.05), while blockers NPPB and DIDS remarkably promoted it (P < 0.01). Hyperosmotic sodium chloride, fructose and glucose at specific concentrations notably antagonized the hemolysis induced by PP II (P < 0.05). The glucose channel inhibitor Cytochalasin B and verapamil remarkably antagonized the hemolysis induced by PP II (P < 0.01). The hemolysis induced by PP II could also be antagonized by 1 gmol x L(1) diazepam and 100 μmol x L(-1) DHEA pretreated for 1 min (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the hemolytic mechanism of PP II in vitro may be related to the increase in intracellular osmotic pressure and rupture of erythrocytes by changing the anion channel transport activity, with GLUT1 as the major competitive interaction site.
Animals ; Diosgenin ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Erythrocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Hemolytic Agents ; pharmacology ; Sheep

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) on hemolysis and antioxidant system of normal mice and its impact on the functions, while evaluating the oxidation reduction property of CR and berberine.

METHODIn the whole animal experiment, normal mice were orally administered with CR at the dose of 1.2 g x kg(-1) for three days. Their blood were collected to detect the hemoglobin in plasma, the content of serum bilirubin, the number of peripheral blood reticulocytes, the T-AOC in whole blood, measure the contents of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of RBC membrane, determine the activity of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase, fluidity, and observe its impact on the liquidity and deformability of RBCs. According to the electrical and biochemical experiment, the voltammetric behaviors of CR and berberine on glassy carbon electrode were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry. In the RBC in vitro experiment, the impact of Coptidis Rhizoma on autoxidation hemolysis rate of RBCs of normal mice was observed.

RESULTThere was no significant effect on hemoglobin, serum bilirubin, and reticulocyte count in normal mice administrated with CR at the dose of 1.2 g x kg(-1), and so is on RBC membrane SOD, G6PD, MDA, GSH and whole blood T-AOC activity. In addition, CR had also no significant effect on Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase activity, and no notable impact on the fluidity and deformability of RBCs. There were two oxidation peaks at -0.27 V and 0.60 V induced by CR and one oxidation peak induced by berberine at 0.56 V, with no reduction peak at fly-back. CR could significantly inhibit oxidative hemolysis in RBCs at the dose of 0.125-2 g x L(-1) in vitro.

CONCLUSIONThe normal dose of Coptidis Rhizoma can not cause hemolysis of RBC, and also can not change antioxidant system and functions of RBC, CR and berberine show antioxidant (reducing) properties.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Berberine ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Erythrocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Female ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice

OBJECTIVETo study comparatively the cytotoxicity induced by acid bentonite and organic bentonite.

METHODSThe cytotoxicity of two kinds of bentonite was detected using CCK8 assay, neutral red uptake (NRU) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay, apoptosis assay and hemolysis assay. In hemolysis assay human erythrocytes served as target cells and were exposed to the two kinds of bentonite at the doses of 0, 0.3125, 0.6250, 1.2500 and 2.5000 mg/ml for ten min. In other four assays, human B lymphoblast cells (HMy2.CIR) served as target cells and were exposed to the two kinds of bentonite at the doses of 0, 10, 20, 30, 60, 120 and 180 microg/ml for four h.

RESULTSIn hemolysis assay, the hemolysis rates induced by two kinds of bentonite at all doses were significantly higher than that of control (P<0.05); in CCK-8 assay, the cellular activities in acid bentonite group at the doses > or =30 microg/ml and in organic bentonite group at the doses > or =20 microg/ml were significantly lower than that of control (P<0.01); the similar results appeared in NRU assay and LDH assay, and the dose-effect relationship was observed in above 4 assays. In apoptosis assay, the early apoptosis cell rates in acid bentonite group at the dose of 180 microg/ml and in organic bentonite group at the doses of 120,180 microg/ml were significantly higher than that of control (P<0.05). Moreover, the results of five in vitro assays indicated the cytotoxicity induced by organic bentonite was higher than that induced by acid bentonite.

CONCLUSIONTwo kinds of bentonite could induce cytotoxicity, such as apoptosis and damage of cell membrane. The cytotoxicity of organic bentonite is higher than that of acid bentonite due to the different industrial treatment and characteristics of two kinds of bentonite particles.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bentonite ; toxicity ; Cell Line ; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic ; Erythrocytes ; drug effects ; pathology ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the anaphylaxis and hemocytolysis of 6 kinds of tween-80 injection from different source.

METHODThe Hartley albinism guinea pig was used to carry on the active systematic anaphylaxis (ASA) and the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). The in vitro hemolytic experiment and the hemocytolysis was observed by means of spectrophotometry on the domestic rabbit.

RESULTThe result of ASA and PLA of 6 kinds of tween-80 injection from different source assumed the negative. In observation time, the temolysis rate of 3 kinds of tween-80 injection are more than 5%, while the others are also more than 5% only in the highly concentrated test tube.

CONCLUSIONSix kinds of tween-80 injection from different source have not caused the immune-mediated anaphylaxis, but it may have hematolysis tendency on intravenous injection. The hemocytolysis of tween-80 may not be entirely caused by the impurities. It is worthy of further study that the physical and chemical properties of the product itself and the undeserved concentration is doubtful whether there is also some internal relations with the generation of hemolytic.

Anaphylaxis ; chemically induced ; Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Injections ; Male ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; drug effects ; Polysorbates ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Coptis chinensis on oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes in mice.

METHODAcetylphenyhydrazine (APH)-induced oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes in mice were used. The contents of free hemoglobin of blood plasma, indirect bilirubin of serum, reticulocytes of blood, and malondialdehyde (MDA) of erythrocytes were measured. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione hormone (GSH), and glucose-6-phosp hate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) of erythrocytes were also determined and the total-antioxygen capability (T-AOC) of blood was analyzed.

RESULTThe levels or amount of free hemoglobin of blood plasma, indirect bilirubin of serum, reticulocytes of blood and MDA of erythrocytes were higher in APH (0.03 g x kg(-1))-induced mice than normal mice. The activity or content of SOD, GSH and G-6-PD was lower in APH-induced mice than in normal mice. Primaquine (0.058 g x kg(-1)) could aggravated the degree of elevated hemolysis of erythrocytes in APH-induced mice. C. chinensis (0.6 g x kg(-1) could deprssed significantly the elevated levels of indirect bilirubin in serum. The levels of free hemoglobin of blood plasma, indirect bilirubin of serum, reticulocytes of blood, the production of SOD and GSH and T-AOC were also decressed by C. chinensis (0.6 g x kg(-1)).

CONCLUSIONC. chinensis suppressed t he degree of hemolysis of erythrocytes in APH-induced mice due to the suppression of the production of lipid peroxidation and increasing of the activity of antioxidase of erythrocytes.

Animals ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Erythrocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Female ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phenylhydrazines ; adverse effects ; Plasma ; metabolism ; Random Allocation

HPS1-D, an active polysaccharide,was isolated and purified from Hedysarum polybotrys. HPS1-D was obtained after treated with Savage method and H2O2, and purified with DEAE-cellulose 52 and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography. Then physicochemical property analysis, GC, methylation, partial acid hydrolysis, and NMR method were used to study chemical structural of HPS1-D. The conformation was primarily analyzed with GPC-MALLS method and Congo red reaction. The anti-complementary activity of HPS1-D was evaluated with the hemolysis assay. HPS1-D was a heteropolysaccharide and consisted of D-glucose, L-arabinose, (7.2:1.3). HPS1-D proved to be a neutral sugar, with 1, 4-and 1, 4, 6-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl residues in backbone ,and 1, 5-and 1, 3, 5-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl residues in branches. HPS1-D has a random coil state conformation with monodisperse mass distribution in 0.9% NaCl solution. And HPS1-D had triple-helix conformation in concentrate of NaOH solution. Anti-complementary activity of HPS1-D was closed to its positive control heparin.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Mice ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Puerarin injection has been widely used for the treatment of cardiac/cerebral blood vascular diseases. The clinical statistical investigation had confirmed that puerarin injection can induce acute intravascular hemolysis, which effected the use of puerarin injection seriously. The review was focus on the research progress of the hemolysis of puerarin injection including the work in laboratory and clinic. The potential hemolysis mechanism and allergen of the puerarin injection were summarized and discussed.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Humans ; Isoflavones ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Models, Animal ; Pueraria ; chemistry

In the current study, we synthesized a 16-residue-long peptide VR with the aim of inspecting the feasibility to design beta-hairpin-like antimicrobial peptide. The peptide was designed by alternating arrangement of arginine and valine and linking two stranded antiparallel beta-sheet with a short loop segment (DPG) and a disulfide bridge. Antimicrobial and hemolytic activities were investigated. Melittin was chosen as a control peptide. We also tested bactericidal kinetics and salt sensitivity. Results show that VR had similar antibacterial activity compared with melittin. However, VR displayed much less hemolytic activity than melittin. These results suggest that VR had higher cell selectivity than melittin. The antibacterial activity of VR was not inhibited in the presence of 25 and 50 mmol/L NaCl. VR still possessed antibacterial activity in the presence of 100 mmol/L NaCl. Collectively, the de novo peptide VR displayed high antimicrobial activity, low hemolytic activity, and salt resistant, indicating that VR was a promising candidate for novel antimicrobial applications.
Anti-Infective Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Arginine ; chemistry ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; Drug Design ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Valine ; chemistry