Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; analysis ; Humans ; Male

Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; analysis ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology ; *Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated/*analysis ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/*analysis ; Humans ; Male

Hemoglobin (Hb) Yamagata is a rare Hb variant, which has been reported only twice-one case each in Japan and Korea. This variant arises from a Lys --> Asn substitution due to a mutation of AAA to AAC or AAT at codon 133 of the beta-globin gene. This study reports the third case of a patient detected with Hb Yamagata [HBB: c.399A>T; p.Lys133Asn] and discusses the effect of this variant on HbA1c measurement. This variant was detected in a 70-yr-old Korean man with diabetes mellitus during a routine follow-up. The HbA1c concentration determined using Variant ll Turbo (Bio-Rad, USA) was abnormally high at 47.9%. It was impossible to measure the HbA1c level accurately using Variant ll Thalassemia Mode (Bio-Rad, USA). However, the HbA1c levels analyzed by HLC-723 G7 (Tosoh, Japan), Cobas Integra (Roche, Switzerland) and NycoCard (Axis-Shield, Norway) were 5.0%, 8.0%, and 7.9%, respectively. This study shows that Hb Yamagata interferes with the accurate measurement of HbA1c levels in a diabetic patient. Taking these findings into consideration, we think that an immunoassay or affinity chromatography can be used as an alternate method for measuring the HbA1c level in a patient with this variant. In conclusion, a patient can be inferred to have an Hb variant if the HbA1c concentration is abnormally high or low or if there is a discrepancy between the results obtained using different methods, and if the clinical status of the patient suggests the presence of abnormal Hb. Subsequently, the HbA1c values can be determined by methods based on different principles.
Aged ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated/*analysis ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/*analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; beta-Globins/genetics

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible causes of abnormal hemoglobin electrophoresis results. METHODS: The hemoglobin electrophoresis results of 5 696 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from September 2018 to July 2021 were collected, and the abnormal results and clinical significance were analyzed. RESULTS: The results of 486 patients (accounting for 8.53%) were abnormal, of which 300 cases had increased HbA2, 135 cases had decreased HbA2, 44 cases had increased F alone, and 7 cases had abnormal hemoglobin bands. Among the 486 patients, 246 patients were thalassemia gene positive (the positive rate was 50.62%), including 29 cases of α thalassemia, 208 cases of β thalassemia and 9 cases of αβ thalassemia. Among the patients with elevated HbA2, 68.67% were detected β thalassemia, 3.00% αβ thalassemia, 9.33% were suspected to be caused by macrocytosis, 6.33% by thyroid dysfunction, and 12.67% by uncertainty of the method. Among the patients with reduced HbA2, 21.48% were detected α thalassemia, 60.00% iron deficiency anemia, 8.15% were suspected to be caused by thyroid dysfunction, and 10.37% by uncertainty of the method. Among the patients with elevated F alone, the results of thalassemia gene detection were negative, 40.91% of them were suspected to be caused by macrocytosis, 27.27% by hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin, 29.55% by special physiological condition of pregnant women, and 2.27% by hyperthyroidism. Abnormal hemoglobin bands were detected in 7 patients, including 4 cases of hemoglobin D, 2 cases of hemoglobin E, and 1 case of hemoglobin J. CONCLUSION Thalassemia, iron deficiency anemia, macrocytosis such as megaloblastic anemia and non-severe aplastic anemia, thyroid dysfunction, hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin, abnormal hemoglobin diseases, the uncertainty of the method are all important causes of abnormal hemoglobin electrophoresis results. In clinical work, the patient's indicators should be comprehensively analyzed to determine the possible cause.
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; beta-Thalassemia/genetics* ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Fetal Hemoglobin/analysis* ; alpha-Thalassemia ; Blood Protein Electrophoresis ; Hemoglobin A2/analysis* ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/analysis*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence and the gene mutation frequencies and patterns of β-thalassemia (β-Thal) in ethnic Han children in Chongqing city.

METHODA total of 1726 children were screened by using automatic hemocytic analyzer, cellulose acetate electrophoresis and fetal hemoglobin alkali denaturation test. Samples with mean corpuscular volume (MCV) < 80 fl, cell hemoglobin content (MCH) < 27 pg and hemoglobin A2 (HbA2) levels >3.3%, fetal hemoglobin (HbF) >2% for β-Thal screening indicators. The positive samples of screening indicators were detected and identified by PCR-reverse dot blot method for 18 common β-Thal mutations in Chinese populations, unknown mutations samples were subjected to DNA sequencing analysis of the β-globin gene.

RESULTTwenty-five cases of β-Thal carriers were observed from the 1726 samples, with 24 cases of β-Thal heterozygote and one case of double heterozygote. Therefore, the β-Thal carrier rate was 1.51%. After 1726 peripheral venous blood samples analyzed by hematological parameters, 164 positive cases of β-Thal screening indicators were found, with the positive rate being 9.50% (164/1726). A total of 6 different gene mutations were detected, the four most common mutations were as the following: CD41-42, IVS-II-654, CD17 and beta E. These four mutations as the major types in this area accounted for 88.00% of all the mutations. In addition, one rare mutation of 5 'UTR; + (43 -40) was found, and one case of the hemoglobin variant of Hb Zurich was reported in Chinese people for the first time.

CONCLUSIONChongqing is a high risk region of the β-Thal. Epidemiological Data from the research was useul for the genetic counseling and the prevention of β-Thal major.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Counseling ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; genetics ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; analysis ; genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mutation ; genetics ; Prevalence ; beta-Globins ; genetics ; beta-Thalassemia ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; genetics

Hereditary hemolytic anemia comprises a group of disorders in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they are produced in the bone marrow; various hereditary factors can cause this condition, including production of defective Hb and erythrocyte membrane. Recently, we identified Hb Koriyama, a rare Hb variant that was undetectable in Hb electrophoresis and stability tests, in a patient with severe hemolytic anemia. This is the first study to show the nucleotide-level sequence variations in Hb Koriyama. On the basis of our results, we conclude that unstable Hb may not be detectable by conventional Hb electrophoresis or stability tests. Thus, we suggest further genetic workup in cases of unexplained hereditary hemolytic anemia.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Anemia, Hemolytic/blood/*diagnosis ; Child ; Female ; Gene Duplication ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/*genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Cyanosis in children is most often caused by pulmonary disease, or cyanotic heart disease but is rarely caused by hematological problems such as methemoglobinemia and sulfhemoglobinemia. Abnormal hemoglobins with a reduced oxygen affinity are an exceptionally uncommon cause of cyanosis in children. Hemoglobin-M (Hb-M) is rapidly auto-oxidized into the met-form resulting in the loss of its O2-binding ability. This hemoglobinopathy is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and is characterized by marked cyanosis. Hb-M affects the anesthetic management because of the anomalous absorption spectrum of Hb-M in standard pulse oximetry. Sufficient O2 delivery should be maintained by keeping a high FiO2 and intermittently checking the O2 delivery state using arterial blood gas analysis. We reported our experience of the anesthetic management of a patient with hemoglobin M.
Absorption ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Child ; Cyanosis ; Heart Diseases ; Hemoglobin M ; Hemoglobinopathies ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Methemoglobin ; Methemoglobinemia ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; Sulfhemoglobinemia

OBJECTIVETo analyze genotypic profiles and understand the relationship between the genotype and phenotype of Hb H disease in Guangxi province.

METHODSHematologic and Hb analyses on the cases were performed to detect their alpha thalassemia genotypes using PCR method and DNA sequencing.

RESULTSAn unusual case was identified in one of the 298 patients with Hb H disease diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from October 2002 to November 2003. The 25-year-old male patient, a native of Yulin in Guangxi province, had had jaundice and splenomegaly since childhood, and he had never received blood transfusion. Hematologic examinations revealed his hemoglobin 107 g/L, RBC 4.9+10(12) g/L, MCV 76.2 fl, MCH 21.8 pg, MCHC 287 g/L, HCT 0.373, reticulocyte 3%. Hb analysis showed the level of Hb H + Hb Bart's 34.41%. PCR and DNA sequencing confirmed the genotype of a deletion at codon 30 of alpha2 globin gene and SEA alpha-thalassemia-1.

CONCLUSIONThis unusual case had no anemia, but had higher level of Hb H and Hb Bart's when compared to those non-deletional Hb H disease cases such as Hb CS-H, HbQS-H and alpha2 codon 31 mutation combined with SEA alpha-thalassemia-1 previously reported in mainland China. The discovery and recognition of this gene mutation and related genotype and phenotype is of importance to the genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in Guangxi province where the incidence of alphathalassemia is very high.

Adult ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Genotype ; Hemoglobin H ; genetics ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; alpha-Thalassemia ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of using next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) to screen the neonatal thalassemia genes.

METHODSPlantar blood of 206 cases of neonatal born in our hospital were randomly collected to be made into dried blood, which can be screened for thalassemia genes by next-generation sequencing, and then a further analysis would be performed on the basis on the detection results.

RESULTSIn 206 cases of neonates tested, the thalassemia gene mutations in 22 cases were screened, including 11 cases of alpha-thalassemia, 11 cases of beta-thalassemia, 5 cases of new mutations. Out of 11 cases of alpha-thalassemia 7 cases were proved to be the gene deletion, accounting for 64% (7/11), and the specific genotype distribution was as follows: 4 cases of αα/-α(3.7), 2 cases of αα/-SEA, 1 case of αα/-α(4.2), the remaining 4 cases with point mutations (4/11, 36%): Hb Part-Dieu hybrid, Hb Quong Sze hybrid, Hb Westmead hybrid, HBA1: c. 95 + 9 c > T (rewly discovered gene mutation). The whole 11 cases of β-thalassemia are proved to be with beta chain point mutations, 7 kinds of mutation genotype were detected , CD17 (A->T) is the most common point locus mutation, accounted for 27% (3/11), and 50 G>A hybrid in 2 cases, 1 cases of Hb Hamilton hybrid, IVS-II-654 (C->T) in 1 case. The remaining 4 cases are of the new gene point mutation, they are as follows respectively: HBB: c. 316-116 c>A, HBB: c.316-248G>T, HBB: c.315 + 63 T>c, HBB: c. -23 A>G.

CONCLUSIONThe next-generation sequencing technology can be used to screen neonatal plantar dried blood for the thalassemia genetic mutation, which not only can effectively detect thalassemia gene types, but also can look for new gene mutations. The advantages of this method include easy collecting samples, precise result and wide use for clinical diagnosis, thus possibly give an early diagnosis for thalassemia.

DNA Mutational Analysis ; Gene Deletion ; Genotype ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; genetics ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mutation ; Point Mutation ; alpha-Thalassemia ; genetics ; beta-Thalassemia ; genetics