Objective To investigate the relationship between ovary excision and serum levels of TNF ?, TGF ? 1. Methods Serum levels of TNF ? and TGF ? 1 in ovariectomized rats were measured by ELISA. Results The serum levels of TNF ? were increased〔(53 88?16 35)ng/L〕, but the TGF ? 1 were decreased 〔(6 78?0 75)?g/L〕 in ovariectomized rats when E 2 decreased compared with those of the Sham group( P

Objective To investigate the consumption rate of non-iodized salt,and evaluate the iodine status and goiter prevalence among school children in high water iodine areas of Henan Province from 2014 to 2015.Methods In the 20 counties with high water iodine,one township was randomly selected from each location (east,west,south,north and middle) in each county;secondly,4 villages were selected from each chosen township;thirdly,15 households were selected to collect salt samples from each chosen village.In the 10 chosen counties,one village with high water iodine was selected and water samples were collected;one school was sequentially selected from the chosen village and 100 school children aged 8-10 were chosen to collect their urine samples and measure their thyroid volume.Salt iodine was tested by semi-quantitative method;iodine contents of urine and water were tested by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophometry;thyroid volume was measured by ultrasound method.Results In the 20 counties with high water iodine,4 440 salt samples were collected and tested both in 2014 and 2015;the rates of non-iodized salt were 98.2％ (4 363/4 440) in 2014 and 98.3％ (4 366/4 440) in 2015.In the 10 chosen counties,the median water iodine contents from the chosen villages were 202.0 μg/L in 2014 and 235.0 μg/L in 2015;970and 999 urine samples of the students from the chosen villages were collected and tested in 2014 and 2015,and the median urinary iodine contents were 251.9 μg/L in 2014 and 290.6 μg/L in 2015;937 and 948 students were examined in 2014 and 2015,the goiter rates were 3.4％ (32/937) in 2014 and 7.8％ (74/948) in 2015.Stratified by water iodine,the urinary iodine contents and goiter rates of school children increased with the rise of water iodine content.When the water iodine content exceeded 300 μg/L,goiter rate of school children was 8.4％,which was higher than other groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions After stopping the supple of iodized salt in high water iodine areas,the current iodine status and goiter rate of school children are still higher than normal levels.Both noniodized salt supply and water improvement to reduce water iodine content should be taken in the areas with water iodine higher than 150 μg/L.

Objective To know the rural doctors' knowledge,belief and practice on iodine deficiency disorders(IDD),as well as their capability on health education communication in Ye County,Henan Province.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 50 rural doctors in Ye County,Henan Province.Topics covered include:sales of salt purchases,daily supervision and monitoring activities of salt,the health effects of salt,the situation of rural doctors trained,the situation of rural doctors participated in health education and related recommendations.Results ①Twenty-nine of the rural doctors knew exactly the advantage of salt iodization.②Thirty-nine of the rural doctors had taken part in the half quantitative detection of salt once or twice a year and 15 of them knew the supervision activities of salt industry department.③Forty-nine of the rural doctors believed salt iodization was beneficial to health and 48 of them were willing to participate in health education on IDD.④The major ways of their acquiring health knowledge were promotional materials [54.0％ (27/50)],TV [50.0％ (25/50)],and lecture/training [24.0％ (12/50)].⑤Thirty-seven of the rural doctors had taken part in health education on IDD.They were used to use booklets [68.0％ (34/50)],promotional slogan [36.0％ (18/50)],broadcast [24.0％ (12/50)],and doctor consultation [24.0％ (12/50)].⑥Twenty-eight of the rural doctors thought the current health education on IDD was better.They hoped to reduce the price of salt,strengthen supervision,receive more training and health education on IDD.Conclusions The rural doctors remain relatively lack of knowledge on IDD.Rural doctors have the initiative and responsibility to conduct health education on IDD,but their pattern is still a one-way propagation.

Objective To build a digitized 3D model of the pulmonary venous system of Chinese people for the purpose of providing anatomic information of the pulmonary venous system for anatomic teaching,imaging diagnosis and surgical operation of pulmonary diseases. Methods The primal images from the first Chinese visible human data set of chest were converted into image sequence only cantaining the sections of pulmonary veins after manual registration and image segmentation.Then these images were imported into 3DMed software to build a 3D model of the pulmonary venous system through threshold registration algorithm. Results The three dimensional structures of the pulmonary venous system were reconstructed entirely.All reconstructed structures could be displayed individually or jointly,and could be rotated continuously on any plane.Conclusion The branches and the spacial characters of the pulmonary venous system can be clearly shown on the reconstructed 3D model.It will help anatomy teaching and provide morphological data for image diagnosis and lung operations.

Objective To understand the fairness of health resources of endemic diseases institutions in Henan Province,to provide evidence for endemic allocation of health resources for the government.Methods Health-related data resources in endemic disease prevention and control institutions were collected in Henan Province,including personnel,business space area,the value of equipment,and health funding,etc.The percentages of population distribution and geographical distribution of health resources were calculated; Lorenz curves of demographic fairness and geographic fairness were drawn.According to Lorenz curve (Gini coefficients of the population and the geographical distribution were calculated based on Lorenz curve),Gini coefficients were used to evaluate the fairness of the endemic disease prevention institutions for health resource allocation.Results As can be seen from Lorenz curve,the population fairness of endemic disease prevention and health personnel was the best,but the number of senior officers was less and the total value of equipment owned was low.The geographical fairness of all the indicators of health resources was poorer,and geographic fairness among senior officers was the worst.The Gini coefficient of health technical personnel,senior personnel,undergraduate or above personnel,value of equipments,area of business room and health funding allocation determined by the population distribution was less than 0.4.The health resources were relatively fair and reasonable according to the distribution of population.The Gini coefficients of all the indicators determined by the distribution of geography were higher than those determined by the distribution of population.Furthermore,the geographic Gini coefficient of senior personnel was above 0.4 which was in the vigilance state.Conclusions The equality of health resources determined by population distribution in the institutions for endemic diseases control in Henan is superior to those determined by geographic distribution.The allocations of health resources of endemic diseases control in different areas are unbalanced.

OBJECTIVE: We used the SD rat's bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured in vitro to observe the effects of Bugu Mixture on the apoptosis and to explore the molecular biologic mechanism of the treatment of osteoporosis with Bugu Mixture. METHODS: BMSCs were separated from the bones of the extremities of SD rats in vitro. The morphologic changes, the apoptosis cell cycles, the mitochondrion membrane potential changes, and the Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression were observed, and the effects of Bugu Mixture on the course of cell apoptosis were evaluated. RESULTS: The earlier use of Bugu Mixture could decrease the cells blocked in G0/G1 phase, and promote their synthesis of DNA in S phase. The expression of Bcl-2 was higher in the Bugu Mixture group than that in the all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induced group, and the expression of Bax was lower in the Bugu Mixture group than that in the ATRA induced group. The mitochondrion membrane potential descended significantly in the Bugu Mixture group than that in the ATRA induced group. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of the treatment of osteoporosis with Bugu Mixture is that the earlier use of Bugu Mixture can decrease the amount of apoptostic cells induced by ATRA, thus promoting the cell mitosis and restraining the apoptosis. It can also act as a protector to Bcl-2 located on the mitochondrion membrane. By preventing the transferring of the Bax protein from cell-plasma to mitochondrion membrane, it takes the advantage of Bcl-2 in forming Bcl-2/Bax homodimer so as to prevent the opening of the permeability transition pore to avoid the changing of mitochondrion membrane potential and the destruction of biosynthesis caused by the mitochondrion release of apoptosis inducing factors and to reach the objective of restraining apoptosis.

The rotary cell culture system(RCCS)was used to simulate the microgravity environment, and FRTL-5 cells were divided into simulated microgravity group(SMG)and normal gravity group(NG). FRTL-5 cells were harvested after treatment for 6, 12, 24, and 36 h, the cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and the cells cycles were detected by flow cytometry. The ultrastructure of FRTL-5 cells was observed under laser confocal microscope with FITC-labeled technique. The MTT assay showed that the proliferation of FRTL-5 cells was significantly inhibited after RCCS treatment for 6, 12, 24, and 36h compared with NG(P<0.05), in which the most obvious effect was observed at 24h. The flow cytometry showed that the proportion of FRTL-5 cells at G1 stage in RCCS group was increased significantly after 6, 12, 24, and 36h compared with NG(P<0.05), while the proportion of FRTL-5 cells at S stage was decreased significantly(P<0.05)except that cultured with RCCS for 6 h. The proportion of FRTL-5 cells at G2/M stage was decreased in early phase(6-12 hours)of RCCS culture, with the lowest at 12h and transient increase at 24h of RCCS culture. The laser confocal microscope revealed that there were local microfilament depolymerization, tension fibers decrease, structure disorder, cellular pseudopodia reduction, and irregular shape among FITC-labeled FRTL-5 cells cultured with RCCS for 36h. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2018, 34: 598-601)

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status among children aged 8-10 years old in Henan Province after five years of implementation of new standard iodized salt,and to provide evidence for scientific adjustment of control strategy.Methods In 2017,according to "Henan Surveillance Program on Iodine Deficiency Disorders",children aged 8-10 years old (half males and half females) were chosen as research targets.In nonhigh iodine areas of 156 non-high iodine counties (cities,districts) and high iodine counties (cities,districts) in Henan Province,household salt samples were collected;in 113 counties (cities,districts),urine samples were collected;in 67 counties (cities,districts),thyroid volume was measured.Salt iodine was tested by direction titration,the salt samples from Sichuan and other enhanced salt samples were tested by the arbitration method;urinary iodine was tested by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophometry;thyroid volume was measured by ultrasound method.Results In 2017,totally 31 174 household salt samples of 8-10 years old children were collected and tested,the median of salt iodine was 25.8 mg/kg;the coverage rate of iodized salt was 95.0％ (29 613/31 174) and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 85.6％ (26 673/31 174).Totally 22 442 urine samples were collected and the median of urinary iodine content was 208.0 μg/L.Totally 13 439 school children were examined thyroid volume and the goiter rate.was 1.5％ (196/13 439).Conclusions After the promotion of new standard iodized salt,the iodine nutritional status of children aged 8-10 years old in Henan Province is appropriate.However,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt is lower,so the universal salt iodization prevention and control strategies should be performed for a long time.At the same time,health education of iodine deficiency knowledge should be strengthened.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Henan Province after implementation of new standard of iodized salt, and to provide evidence for scientific adjustment of control strategy.Methods:In 2018, according to "Henan Surveillance Program on Iodine Deficiency Disorders", 5 townships were randomly picked out based on their sub area positions of east, west, south, north and middle in each county in the non-high iodine areas of 156 non-high iodine and high iodine counties (cities, districts). Then 20 pregnant women were sampled in each chosen township to collect and determine their salt and urinary iodine contents. The iodine level in salt was determined by direction titration; the salt samples from Sichuan and other enhanced salt samples were detected by arbitration; iodine content in urine was tested by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophometry.Results:In total, 15 430 household salt samples of pregnant women were collected and determined; the coverage rate of iodized salt was 95.4% (14 721/15 430) and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 87.0% (13 426/15 430); the median of salt iodine was 25.8 mg/kg. Totally 15 378 urine samples were collected and the median urinary iodine was 188.0 μg/L. The medians of urinary iodine of early, middle and late pregnant were 190.2, 188.9 and 186.0 μg/L, respectively.Conclusions:After the implementation of new standard of iodized salt, the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Henan Provence is totally appropriate. The surveillance of iodine status and the universal salt prevention and control strategies among pregnant women should be continuously presented to ensure the moderate amount of iodine intake.