ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics and associated risk factors of diabetes in patients with schizophrenia living in communities, and to provide a basis for the prevention of diabetes comorbidity in this population. MethodsA stratified cluster sampling was used to randomly select patients with schizophrenia in Shanghai who participated in the free health examination provided by the National Basic Public Health Services in 2020. Statistical methods were employed to analyze the general demographic data, clinical characteristics, and laboratory test results of the study subjects. ResultsThe study included 3 374 individuals with schizophrenia, among which the prevalence of diabetes was 17.01%. Statistically significant differences were observed in terms of age, education level, urban area type, marital status, employment status, duration of illness, blood pressure, body mass index, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that living in non-central urban areas (OR=1.76, 95%CI: 1.33‒2.32), disease duration of 6‒ years (OR=2.60, 95%CI: 1.07‒6.32), disease duration of 11‒ years (OR=2.72, 95%CI: 1.17‒6.35), disease duration of 16‒ years (OR=3.38, 95%CI: 1.54‒7.42), hypertension(OR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.27‒2.36), obesity (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.15‒2.00), and elevated triglyceride levels (OR=2.78, 95%CI: 2.22‒3.49) were risk factors for diabetes in patients with schizophrenia. ConclusionThe prevalence of diabetes in community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in the general population. It is recommended that appropriate health education and rehabilitation guidance be provided as part of community-based mental health services.

Objective:To investigate the effect of oroxylin A (OrA) on macrophage pyroptosis induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb) infection and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods:An in vitro infection model was constructed by infecting J774A.1 cells with Mtb. The MTT method was used to detect the effect of OrA on the viability of J774A.1 cells. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit was used to detect the release of LDH by J774A.1 cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of pyroptosis-related proteins such as NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), GSDMD-N, caspase1-p20, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) as well as the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-1β in each group. Immunofluorescence was performed to detect the expression and localization of α7nAChR. Results:MTT results showed that OrA had no cytotoxicity to J774A.1 cells at concentrations below 80 μmol/L. OrA reduced the release of IL-1β, down-regulated the expression of NLRP3, GSDMD-N and caspase1-p20 at protein level, inhibited ASC oligomerization, promoted the expression of α7nAChR at protein level, and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. In the presence of α7nAChR agonist PNU282987, the protein levels of GSDMD-N decreased and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 was inhibited.Conclusions:OrA may inhibits Mtb infection-induced macrophage pyroptosis through regulating cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.