The articles regarding needle-embedding treatment for hemifacial spasm published before September 30, 2019 were searched from SinoMed, Wanfang, CNKI, VIP and PubMed database, and were analyzed and summarized from treatment methods, acupoint selection, stage differentiation and action mechanism. As a result, 45 Chinese articles were obtained. The needle-embedding treatment was divided into intradermal needling and acupoint thread-embedding; the top five acupoints were Sibai (ST 2), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Dicang (ST 4), Jiache (ST 6) and spasm trigger points. The basic research of needle-embedding treatment for hemifacial spasm is weak, and the literature regarding stage differentiation is insufficient, which are in need of further study.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Hemifacial Spasm/therapy* ; Humans ; Meridians ; Needles

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo search for a convenient, safe and effective method for treatment of facial spasm.

METHODSThree hundred and ninety cases of facial spasm were divided into 2 groups in order of visiting: medication group of 200 cases were treated with routine medicine, and acupuncture and laser treatment group of 190 cases treated with acupuncture plus laser radiation. After treatment of 30 days, their therapeutic effects were summarized.

RESULTSThe total effective rate, the cured rate and the 6-month recurrence rate were 93.7%, 64.7%, 6.7% in the acupuncture and laser treatment group, and the corresponding figures were 62.0%, 32.0% and 33.9% in the medication group respectively, with a very significant difference between the two groups in the therapeutic effect (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture plus laser radiation is a convenient and safe method for treatment of facial spasm.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; therapy ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects of fire needle therapy and filiform needle therapy on facial spasm.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-seven cases of such disease were divided into two groups. The treatment group (n=79) were treated with fire needle therapy at Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Cuanzhu (BL 2) and Quanliao (SI 18), and the control group (n=48) with filiform needle therapy at the same acupoints as those in the treatment group. Their therapeutic effects were compared.

RESULTSThe cured rate and the effective rate were 64.6% and 92.4% in the treatment group, and 45.8% and 87.5% in the control group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFire needle therapy is an effective therapy for facial spasm, with a therapeutic effect better than that of filiform needle therapy.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUNDHemifacial spasm (HFS) is a facial nerve disorder characterized by episodic involuntary ipsilateral facial muscle contraction. Information on Chinese patients with HFS has not been well-characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical feature and the treatment status of HFS across China.

METHODSA cross-sectional study including 1003 primary HFS patients had been carried out in 15 movement disorder clinics in China in 2012. The investigated information was acquired from questionnaires and medical records including demographic data, site of onset, aggravating and relieving factors, treatments prior to the investigation, etc.

RESULTSIn this study, the ratio of male to female was 1.0:1.8, the mean age at onset was (46.6 ± 11.5) years. About 1.0% patients were bilaterally affected. The most often site of initial onset was the orbicularis oculi muscle. The most often affected sites were orbicularis oculi, zygomatic, and orbicularis oris muscles. Stress/anxiety and relaxation were most often aggravating and relieving factors, respectively; 2.3% patients had family history, 28.4% cases were combined with hypertension, and 1.4% patients were with trigeminal neuralgia. Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection was the most commonly used treatment, followed by acupuncture and oral medication. BTX-A maintained the highest repeat treatment ratio (68.7%), while 98.4% patients gave up acupuncture. The mean latency of BTX-A effect was (5.0 ± 4.7) days, the mean total duration of the effect was (19.5 ± 11.7) weeks, and 95.9% patients developed improvements no worse than moderate in both severity and function. The most common side effect was droopy mouth.

CONCLUSIONSThe onset age of HFS in China is earlier than that in western countries. The most often used two treatments are BTX-A injection and acupuncture, while the latter kept the poor repeat treatment ratio because of dissatisfactory therapeutic effect.

Adult ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; therapeutic use ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuromuscular Agents ; therapeutic use

Adult ; Anxiety ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; therapeutic use ; Dystonia ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Hemifacial Spasm ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mastication ; Neuromuscular Agents ; therapeutic use ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of Mailuoning on the facial nerve demyelination of Hemifacial spasm and provide the data for therapy of Hemifacial spasm.

METHOD24 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into control group, Saline group and Mailuoning group, on the latter two groups the models of Hemifacial spasm were made by the temporal superficial artery closely contacting the main trunk of facial nerve at stylomastoid foramen. From the 5th week, the Saline and Mailuoning were injected intravenously into ear margin for 2 weeks on Saline and Mailuoning group respectively. At the 7th week, the MDA and SOD in serum were measured, mean while the microstructure and ultrastructure of facial nerve were observed on 3 animal groups.

RESULTThe MDA decreased obviously (P < 0.05) and SOD increased significantly (P < 0.01) in Mailuoning group comparing with that of Saline group, while the MDA and SOD showed insignificant changes of Mailuoning group and control group. The facial nerve severely demyelinated and axons retrogressively changed in Saline group but mild in Mailuoning group.

CONCLUSIONMailuoning injection has a significant protective effect on the facial nerve demyelination of Hemifacial spasm and the very important applied value for therapy of Hemifacial spasm.

Animals ; Demyelinating Diseases ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Facial Nerve ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Neuroprotective Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVE: Tiapride has been used effectively in the clinic for the treatment of dyskinesias and tic disorders including Tourette syndrome. The purpose of the retrospective study is to evaluate the effectiveness of tiapride with the horn of saiga tatarica in treatment of hemifacial spasm. METHOD: Twenty-eight patients with idiopathic hemifacial spasm, who were previously treated with carbamazepine, or acupuncture, or botulinum toxin injection, but refused to continue the previous therapies, were treated with tiapride, at a dosage of 50 mg/time once to thrice per day, combined with the horn of saiga tatarica at a dosage of 0.15 g to 0.30 g/time once per day. The dosage of tiapride can been up to 100 mg/time once to thrice per day in some cases if necessary. The effectiveness of the therapy was evaluated from the time of three months after the beginning of the treatment. The main efficacy parameter was the degree of spasm reduction, that is, the classification of spasm before versus after the treatment. RESULT: The duration of following up is between 3 months and 12 months. Twenty-five cases out of 28 patients have demonstrated a significant reduction of spasm. Of which, eight cases were completely relieved, 12 cases marked relieved and 5 cases partially relieved. The effective rate is 89.29%. CONCLUSION Tiapride combined with the horn of saiga tatarica was effective and safe in reducing hemifacial spasm. However, further data from blinded trials and long-term following up are required before this treatment can be considered to be one of the main medical treatment options for hemifacial spasm.
Adult ; Animals ; Antelopes ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; drug therapy ; Horns ; Humans ; Male ; Materia Medica ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tiapamil Hydrochloride ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanism of Mailuoning injection (MLN) in protecting facial nerve from injury.

METHODSThe New Zealand white rabbit model with facial spasm was established by compressing superficial temporal artery to make artificial demyelinated lesion of the main peripheral facial nerve trunk. The successful establishment was confirmed by using electrophysiological technique to determine abnormal muscle response (AMR) which is a characteristic for facial spasm. MLN was injected continuously through ear marginal vein for 2 weeks. The change of CGRP expression in facial nerve was detected by immunohistochemical technique.

RESULTSAs compared with the model group, CGRP expression in facial nerve was significantly increased in the MLN group (P <0.01), and CGRP immunoreactive positive fibers were not seen in the shamoperation group. In the model group, the facial nerve fibers degenerated obviously, myelin sheath loosened and dissociated, the turgent axons with vacuole or even completely disappeared. But the facial nerve lesion was lessened in the MLN group.

CONCLUSIONMLN has a significant protective effect on facial nerve demyelination in rabbits with facial spasm, which is closely related with its effect in improving CGRP expression in the facial nerve.

Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Facial Nerve ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Injections ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation