No abstract available.
Hemifacial Spasm*

No abstract available.
Hemifacial Spasm*

Vestibular Paroxysmia and facial spasm may be caused by vascular compression of the vestibular and facial root entry zone. We report a case of paroxysmal nystagmus accompanied by facial spasm and which is well visualized by three-dimensional reconstruction images. The 3-dimensional reconstruction image supports the view that vestibular paroxysmia may occur with hemifacial spasm simultaneously due to vascular compression.
Hemifacial Spasm ; Spasm

No abstract available.
Hemifacial Spasm* ; Parotid Gland*

No abstract available.
Blinking* ; Facial Nerve* ; Hemifacial Spasm*

Afloqualone is a centrally acting muscle relaxant and has been used in therapy for musculotensive diseases. A 35-year-old female had been taking afloqulaone for a left hemifacial spasm for one month. The patient visited our hospital with erythematous papules and patches on the sun exposed area. A photopatch test with afloqualone ointment with the concentration of 0.1%, 1%, 5% turned out negative. An oral provocation test was also done and it showed a positive result with a decrease of MED to UVA (10 J/cm²).
Adult ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic* ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; Humans ; Solar System

On the proposed fluorescein clearance test by Pflugfelder and Tseng, measurements of volume and concentration of instilled fluorescein, being changed by tear secretion, pumping action, during confined time, are able to discern tear turnover rate(tear clearance). We performed TBUT, Schirmer test and modified FCT to the 60 eyes of healthy person, to the 36 eyes of essential blepharospasm patient, and to the 32 eyes of hemifacial spasm patients. We modified the FCT to economize time. Under the topical anesthesia with 0.5% propacaine, test was performed after instilling a 20 microliter of Flucaine(0.25% fluorescein sodium, and 0.5% propacaine) into the conjunctival sac and standard Schirmer strip was then placed for another 10 minutes. The length of the portion was measured and the concentration of tint fluorescein was graded into 5 degrees(photodocumented classification under the cobalt blue light)(FCT 1). Waiting 10 minutes, a standard Schirmer strip was placed into with nasal stimulation and length and concentration was also measured(FCT 2). The agreement of classification was determined with Kappa values for evaluation for reproducibility and and reliability of FCT. The intra-observer agreement(examination repeated twice) was k=0.84 and the inter-observer agreement(two obsevers' examination) was k=0.77, which revealed a consistent result. Patients with blepharospasm was indicated decreased basal secretion compared with normal control(p<0.001) and also showed delayed tear clearance whith represented significant increased concentration(p<0.001). We concluded that FCT was revealed high reproducibility by intra-observer and inter-observer agreement and test may be useful diagnostic method to evaluate delayed tear clearance.
Anesthesia ; Blepharospasm* ; Classification ; Cobalt ; Fluorescein* ; Hemifacial Spasm ; Humans ; Tears

The authors present a case of isolated dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in the transverse sinus, which developed six years after microvascular decompression caused by hemifacial spasm via suboccipital craniectomy. The lesion was successfully treated by transarterial embolization using Onyx. We reviewed the related radiologic and therapeutic features of DAVF involving an isolated sinus and described the feasibility of the use of Onyx.
Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations ; Hemifacial Spasm ; Microvascular Decompression Surgery

Forty-one patients with hemifacial spasm received botulinum A toxin in total 73 visits. In 68 of 73 visits(93%), substantial improvement with peak effect(change in severity of hemifacial spasm 22 ) was obtained, with a mean total dose of 12.5 units. Mean severity of hemifacial spasm before and after treatrnent were 3.8 and 1.1 respectively on a 0-5 scale. Mean muscle dose of orbicularis oculi was 9.0 units There was a significant association between muscle dose and post-treatment weakness of orbicularis oculi(Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.42691). There was also a striking and significant association between post-treatment weakness of orbicularis oculi and peak effect(Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.74883). Lagophthalmos occurred only in 2 of 28 visits (7%) who received lesser than 10.0 units for orbicularis oculi as compard to 22% in the higher dose group. But peak effects showed no significant difference between the two groups(p =O.I30). We suggest that the occurrence of lagophthalmos can be reduced with the dose lesser than 10.0 units for orbicularis oculi, maintaining the significant effect.
Botulinum Toxins, Type A* ; Hemifacial Spasm* ; Humans ; Strikes, Employee

A series of 61 cases of primary hemifacial spasm have been evaluated by means of blink reflex and needle electromyography and their result compared with unaffected site. The R1 and R2 response and late acti-ity. After activity in blink reflex. And electrical activity in EMG at rest were observed. The results of study were as in the followings: 1) The arnplitude of large R1 and R2 responses were increased in affected side in contrast to unaffected side. 2) late activity(72.2%) and after activity(83.6%) were observed in only affected side at rela-ti-ely Iong duration, as well as regular interval spontaneous repetivive discharges in EMG at rest. This result of large R1 and R2 responses could be compatible with ephaptic ransmission, but late activity, after activity, and spontaneous repetitive MUPs could be explained hyperexcitability of the facial motor nucleus rather than autoexcitation of peripheral facial nerve. Additionally the authors thought that the use of conventional blink reflex as well as specialized blink reflex tests could be very useful for the diagnosis of hemifacial spasm and for the evaluation of it's course.
Blinking* ; Diagnosis ; Electromyography* ; Facial Nerve ; Hemifacial Spasm* ; Needles