The primary objective for the treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the brain is to reduce the risk of hemorrhage. The risk of hemorrhage is known to increase with the presence of an aneurysm associated with AVM. The purpose of this report is to describe the development of visual complications after the embolization of a hemorrhagic anterior choroidal artery feeding AVM with an associated aneurysm and to describe the possible causes.
Adult ; Arteries ; Choroid/*blood supply ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*adverse effects ; Hemianopsia/*etiology ; Human ; Intracranial Aneurysm/*complications ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/*complications/*therapy ; Male

The primary objective for the treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the brain is to reduce the risk of hemorrhage. The risk of hemorrhage is known to increase with the presence of an aneurysm associated with AVM. The purpose of this report is to describe the development of visual complications after the embolization of a hemorrhagic anterior choroidal artery feeding AVM with an associated aneurysm and to describe the possible causes.
Adult ; Arteries ; Choroid/*blood supply ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*adverse effects ; Hemianopsia/*etiology ; Human ; Intracranial Aneurysm/*complications ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/*complications/*therapy ; Male

INTRODUCTIONFor occipital cortex strokes resulting in vision disorders, questions about the viability of residual visual cortex remain.

CLINICAL PICTUREIn a patient with a one-year-old, left, complete, homonymous hemianopia due to a right, posterior cerebral artery, ischaemic infarct, we assessed the visual cortex with fMRI retinotopic mapping prior to starting vision restoration therapy.

OUTCOMEThe patient was found to have residual neurovascular function and retinotopic representation in the surviving visual cortex around the infarcted area.

CONCLUSIONThe ability to respond to stimuli in part of the blind field, though not consciously perceived, suggests the potential for recovery.

Hemianopsia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neural Conduction ; physiology ; Stroke ; complications ; physiopathology ; Visual Cortex ; pathology

No abstract available.
Behcet Syndrome/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Hemianopsia/diagnosis/*etiology/physiopathology ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulse Therapy, Drug ; Steroids/administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields

Granulomatous hypophysitis is a rare pituitary condition that commonly presents with enlargement of the pituitary gland. A 31-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with a severe headache and bitemporal hemianopsia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an 18 x 10-mm sellar mass with suprasellar extension and compression of the optic chiasm. Interestingly, brain MRI had shown no abnormal finding 4 months previously. On hormonal examination, hypopituitarism with mild hyperprolactinemia was noted. The biopsy revealed granulomatous changes with multinucleated giant cells. We herein report this rare case and discuss the relevant literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Female ; Giant Cells/pathology ; Granuloma/complications/*diagnosis/therapy ; Headache/etiology ; Hemianopsia/etiology ; Humans ; Hyperprolactinemia/etiology ; Hypopituitarism/etiology ; Inflammation/complications/*diagnosis/therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Optic Chiasm/pathology ; Pituitary Diseases/complications/*diagnosis/therapy ; Pituitary Function Tests ; Pituitary Gland/*pathology/surgery ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome

A 69-year old man presented to us with decreased vision in his right eye and a relative afferent pupillary defect. Under the presumption that he was suffering from retrobulbar optic neuritis or ischemic optic neuropathy, visual field tests were performed, revealing the presence of a junctional scotoma. Imaging studies revealed tumorous lesions extending from the sphenoid sinus at the right superior orbital fissure, with erosion of the right medial orbital wall and optic canal. Right optic nerve decompression was performed via an endoscopic sphenoidectomy, and histopathologic examination confirmed the presence of aspergillosis. The patient did not receive any postoperative antifungal treatment; however, his vision improved to 20 / 40, and his visual field developed a left congruous superior quadrantanopsia 18 months postoperatively. A junctional scotoma can be caused by aspergillosis, demonstrating the importance of examining the asymptomatic eye when a patient is experiencing a loss of vision in one eye. Furthermore, damage to the distal optic nerve adjacent to the proximal optic chiasm can induce unusual congruous superior quadrantanopsia.
Aged ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Aspergillosis/*complications/diagnosis ; Decompression, Surgical/methods ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endoscopy/methods ; Eye Infections, Fungal/*complications/diagnosis/therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemianopsia/*complications/diagnosis/therapy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Optic Nerve/pathology ; Scotoma/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Sphenoid Bone/surgery ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Fields