Hematologic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have the ability to degrade extracellular matrix components. They abnormally express in a variety of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, and play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis through extracellular matrix degradation, which closely relates with the progression and prognosis of the malignant disease. This article reviews progress of study on the mechanism of MMP underlying the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies, including structure of MMP, regulation mechanism of MMP and its relation with proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), angiogenesis and tumor immunology and so on.
Hematologic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinases

Dendritic Cells ; pathology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Skin

MicroRNA (miRNA) are small non-coding RNA that act at the post-transcriptional level, regulating protein expression by repressing translation mRNA target. They can be detected in plants, animal species and viruses, and are involved in numerous cellular processes. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) which is a kind of microRNAs expressed in hematopoietic cells. Recent data indicate that MiR-155 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies through regulating cell signal transduction pathways of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, acting predominantly as an oncomir. MiR-155 may be an important indicator to assess the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with hematological malignancies, including malignant lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndrome. It could be suggested that drugs such as antisense oligonucleotides able to down-regulate miR-155 expression would provide a novel, and possibly specific way to control the growth of a range of haematopoietic malignancies in conjunction with classical cytotoxic therapy. The purpose of this review is to summarize current findings on the role of miR-155 in hematopoietic malignancies and, moreover, to highlight their role as potential therapeutic tools.
Animals ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; MicroRNAs

Dendritic Cells ; pathology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

The nuclear factor kappa B(NF-kappaB) plays a crucial role in inflammatory, immune response, embryo development, cell proliferation and apoptosis, cell cycle control as well as tumorgenesis. In recent years, a variety of investigations have demonstrated that NF-kappaB was closely associated with the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Nowadays, increasingly attention has been paid to the studies on the activation and its mechanism of NF-kappaB in the hematogenic malignancies. So that, in this article, progress on these aspects is reviewed.
Hematologic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism

Recently, along with the thorough investigation on the gene and molecular biology of peroxisome proliferators activated receptorgamma (PPARgamma), the therapeutic effects of PPARgamma ligand and its potential mechanism were gradually recognized. PPARgamma will probably become a new target of oncotherapy and is now extensively followed by researchers. This review focuses the advances of study on PPARgamma distribution in tissue, its function, its ligand in relationship with hematologic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and so on.
Hematologic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Ligands ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism

Humans ; Neutrophils/pathology* ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Sepsis ; Retrospective Studies ; Bacteremia

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological features of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN). METHODS: A total of 13 cases of BPDCN diagnosed in Peking University First Hospital from January 2013 to March 2022 were collected. The clinical features, histopathological characteristics, immunophenotypes and prognosis of the patients were analyzed retrospectively, and the related literatures was reviewed as well. RESULTS: Among the 13 patients, 11 were male and 2 were female, with a median age of 62 years (ranging from 5 to 78 years). Among them, single organ involvement occurred in 5 cases, all of which presented with skin lesions. Two or more organs were involved in other 8 cases (single organ with bone marrow involved in 3 cases; skin, bone marrow and lymph node involved simultaneously in 3 cases; skin, bone marrow, lymph node and spleen involved simultaneously in 2 cases). Histopathologically, it was characterized by the proliferation of medium to large atypical blastic cells, which infiltrated the whole thickness of dermis. When involved, the bone marrow lesions mainly appeared in a diffuse pattern, while the lymph node structure was usually destroyed, and the red pulp of the affected spleen was diffusely invaded. Immunohistochemical staining showed that all the 13 cases were positive for CD4, CD56, and CD123 (13/13) in varying degrees. All the 9 cases expressed TCL1 (9/9). Variable expression of CD68 (KP1) (8/13), TdT (7/12), CD117 (2/6), and high Ki-67 proliferation index (40%~80%) were showed. The neoplastic cells lacked expressions of CD20, CD3, MPO, CD34, or CD30; EBER in situ hybridization were negative (0/9). After definite diagnosis, 6 cases received chemotherapy, among which 1 received adjuvant radiotherapy, and 2 received subsequent bone marrow transplantation. Another 2 cases only received maintenance treatment. The median follow-up time was 14 months (ranging from 6 to 36 months), 5 patients died of the disease (6 to 18 months), 3 patients survived (7 to 36 months up to now), and the remaining 5 patients lost follow-up. CONCLUSION BPDCN is a rare type of malignant lymphohematopoietic tumor with aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. The diagnosis should be made combining clinical features, histopathology, and immunohistochemical phenotype. Attention should be paid to differentiating BPDCN from other neoplasms with blastoid morphology or CD4+CD56+ tumors.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Dendritic Cells ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology* ; Skin/pathology*

Cancer-associated fibroblasts （CAF） are a key component of the tumor microenvironment, which can secrete a variety of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, directly and indirectly support cancer cells, also alter the immune cellular environment by inhibiting the activity of immune effector cells and recruiting immunosuppressive cells, thereby allowing cancer cells to evade immune surveillance. CAF has been proven to be associated with the development, progression, and poor prognosis of solid tumors. However, the role of CAF in hematological malignancies is still unclear. This article reviews the research progress of CAF in hematological malignancies.
Humans ; Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts/pathology* ; Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Hematologic Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Fibroblasts/pathology*