Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) can be covalently attached to target proteins and thereby plays a crucial role in regulating the normal functions of cells, such as protein-protein interaction, subcellular localization, DNA repair, cell cycle and transcription factor regulation. Several lines have implicated that sumoylation is important in disease occurrence and development. This brief review will focus on some recent findings about the roles of sumoylation in the etiology and treatment of hematological malignancies.
Animals ; Hematologic Diseases ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Sumoylation

China ; Hematologic Diseases ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; pathology

No abstract available.
Erythrocytes/*pathology ; Hematologic Diseases/blood/*diagnosis/history/pathology ; *Hematology/history/methods ; History, 20th Century ; Humans

To investigate the state and significance of bone marrow angiogenesis in hematological diseases, bone marrow microvascular density (BM-MVD) in plastic-embedded section was examined using acetone-fixed bone marrow tissues embedded in glycol-methacrylate (GMA) resin and by the method of immunohistochemistry. The results showed that bone marrow MVD increased greatly in newly diagnosed hematological malignancies before treatment. BM-MVD in patients with acute leukemia decreased down to the normal range as the controls at the time of complete remission. In the non-remission group, BM-MVD decreased less, but when relapsed it increased again up to the same range as the newly diagnosed hematological malignancies, significant increase of BM-MVD was found in patients with anemia, but in less degree than that in hematological malignancies. It is concluded that bone marrow angiogenesis plays a key role in the pathogenesis and development of hematological malignancy. Antiangiogenic therapy may be able to constitute a novel strategy for the treatment of hematological malignancies including leukemia.
Acute Disease ; Bone Marrow ; blood supply ; pathology ; Hematologic Diseases ; blood ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia ; blood ; pathology ; Microcirculation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; blood ; pathology

To investigate the morphological changes of megakaryocytes with nuclear extrusion and nucleocytoplasmic separation, the morphological characteristics of megakaryocytes in peripheral blood films, bone marrow smears, and bone marrow biopsies from 4 newly diagnosed patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myeloblastic leukemia with maturation (M(2)) and erythroleukemia (M(6)) were studied by using light microscope. The results showed that many kinds of dysmegakaryocytes were observed in bone marrow smears of 4 cases, while in case A (PMF) and case D (M(6)) micromegakaryocytes were ripped apart; in case B (MDS) and case C (M(2)) megakaryocytes were accompanied by nuclear extrusion or nucleocytoplasmic separation, and their bodies were large or giant, the part of nucleus separated from their body and little cytoplasm remained as micromegakaryocytes. The nucleocytoplasmic separation could be displayed by immunocytochemistry stain. It is concluded that the phenomenon of nuclear extrusion and nucleocytoplasmic separation in megakaryocytes suggested the process that dispersed multinuclear releasing towards surround or even totally left the cell body during the megakaryocyte maturation. It also showed that the micromegakaryocytes may be the result of nucleocytoplasmic separation or splittings from multi-separated nucleus.
Aged ; Bone Marrow Cells ; pathology ; Cell Nucleus ; pathology ; Cytoplasm ; pathology ; Female ; Hematologic Diseases ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Megakaryocytes ; pathology ; Middle Aged

Liver involvement is often observed in hematological disorders, resulting in liver abnormality, including unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, monoclonal hyperglobulinemia, portal vein, or hepatic vein thrombosis or portal hypertension, hepatosplenomegaly, or iron accumulation in the liver. Here we summarize the major hematological diseases that often affect the liver: hemolytic anemia, defect in coagulation or anti-coagulation factors, myeloproliferative neoplasm, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma. We hope this review will help clinicians diagnose and manage the patients with liver involvement by hematological disorders.
Hematologic Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; Myeloproliferative Disorders/diagnosis* ; Portal Vein/pathology*

Burkitt Lymphoma ; pathology ; virology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; pathology ; Hematologic Diseases ; pathology ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; pathology ; Hodgkin Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; classification ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the diagnostic value and safety of percutaneous lung biopsy in hematologic patients with lung infection.

METHODS28 cases hematologic patients received CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy when they developed a fever associated with pulmonary nodules or lumps in CT scan whose clinical diagnosis were unclear during or after chemotherapy. Sample of each lesion were drawn twice. The lung tissue was re-scanned after lung biopsy to check up in order to discover bleeding and pneumothorax. Biopsy tissue was examined by bacteria culture, acid-fast staining and pathology. Pathological examination contained HE staining, acid-fast stain, PAS stain, TB-DNA, methenamine silver and others.

RESULTS28 cases contain 24 males and 4 females. Median age was 40 15 - 77 years old. Blood tests were as follows: 3 cases with HGB > 110 g/L, 9 with HGB 90 - 110 g/L, 12 with HGB 60 - 89 g/L, 4 with HGB < 60 g/L. 8 with WBC > 10×10(9)/L, 6 with WBC (4 - 10)×10(9)/L, 13 with WBC < 4×10(9)/L, 1 with WBC < 2×10(9)/L; 14 with PLT > 100×10(9)/L, 5 with PLT (50 - 100)×10(9)/L, 5 with PLT < 50×10(9)/L, 4 with PLT < 30×10(9)/L. 4 cases had mild extended PT, 3 mild extended APTT, 3 FIB lower than normal. Lung CT scans were as follows: 4 cases with simply lesion in right lung, 4 with simply lesion in left lung, 20 with lesions in bilateral lung. 8 cases were diagnosed as fungal infection, 3 as tuberculosis infection, 1 as lung cancer, 1 as pulmonary infiltration of lymphoma, 1 as pulmonary infiltration of leukemia, and 14 as inflammatory changes with no specific diagnosis. 4 cases came with pneumothorax during lung biopsy, mild to moderate in 3 cases and severe in 1 case. Severe patient turned better after CT-guided suction. 3 cases with mild hemoptysis turned better after treatment.

CONCLUSIONWhen hematopathy patients are with pulmonary nodules or lumps in CT scan whose clinical diagnosis is unclear, CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy is safe and conducive to early diagnosis and conducive to early rehabilitation of patients if the coagulation function is basically normal and platelet count is not too low.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Female ; Hematologic Diseases ; microbiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; diagnosis ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Bone Marrow/metabolism ; Bone Marrow/pathology ; Bone Marrow Diseases/diagnosis ; Bone Marrow Examination* ; Comparative Study ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hematologic Diseases/diagnosis* ; Human ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/pathology

The basic laboratory test for diagnosis of hematological diseases most widely used is microscopic examination of blood smear slides. The purpose of development of integrated hematological management program of microscopic examination is to improve effectiveness of microscopic examination of blood smear slides and to offer references consistent and easy to use. The lists of various blood cells and hematological diseases were prepared, and 2,589 microscopic photo slides were made corresponding to these lists. The images made of microscopic photo slides were developed through multimedia PC and slide scanner. Thirty-seven references always used for hernatological diagnosis were arranged in the form of tables and figures. With integration of these images and references, an application software consists of functions such as reports of peripheral blood cell morphology and bone marrow examination, stepwise learning of diagnostic procedures, finding hematology atlas and references, and reports of other special hematology laboratory tests was developed. The development tool was Visual FoxPro (version 5 .Oa, Microsoft, USA). Internet hematology atlas contained in the homepage of Department of Clinical Pathology of Seoul National University Hospital were also prepared. The contents developed in this study may be a good guideline for diagnosis of hematological diseases. As a good supporting material, hematology atlas, references and internet homepage will be basic study materials that will help medical students and clinicians understand the workflow of hematological diagnosis.
Blood Cells ; Bone Marrow Examination ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Hematologic Diseases ; Hematology* ; Humans ; Internet ; Learning ; Multimedia* ; Pathology, Clinical ; Seoul ; Students, Medical