Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) can be covalently attached to target proteins and thereby plays a crucial role in regulating the normal functions of cells, such as protein-protein interaction, subcellular localization, DNA repair, cell cycle and transcription factor regulation. Several lines have implicated that sumoylation is important in disease occurrence and development. This brief review will focus on some recent findings about the roles of sumoylation in the etiology and treatment of hematological malignancies.
Animals ; Hematologic Diseases ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Sumoylation

China ; Hematologic Diseases ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; pathology

No abstract available.
Erythrocytes/*pathology ; Hematologic Diseases/blood/*diagnosis/history/pathology ; *Hematology/history/methods ; History, 20th Century ; Humans

To investigate the state and significance of bone marrow angiogenesis in hematological diseases, bone marrow microvascular density (BM-MVD) in plastic-embedded section was examined using acetone-fixed bone marrow tissues embedded in glycol-methacrylate (GMA) resin and by the method of immunohistochemistry. The results showed that bone marrow MVD increased greatly in newly diagnosed hematological malignancies before treatment. BM-MVD in patients with acute leukemia decreased down to the normal range as the controls at the time of complete remission. In the non-remission group, BM-MVD decreased less, but when relapsed it increased again up to the same range as the newly diagnosed hematological malignancies, significant increase of BM-MVD was found in patients with anemia, but in less degree than that in hematological malignancies. It is concluded that bone marrow angiogenesis plays a key role in the pathogenesis and development of hematological malignancy. Antiangiogenic therapy may be able to constitute a novel strategy for the treatment of hematological malignancies including leukemia.
Acute Disease ; Bone Marrow ; blood supply ; pathology ; Hematologic Diseases ; blood ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia ; blood ; pathology ; Microcirculation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; blood ; pathology

To investigate the morphological changes of megakaryocytes with nuclear extrusion and nucleocytoplasmic separation, the morphological characteristics of megakaryocytes in peripheral blood films, bone marrow smears, and bone marrow biopsies from 4 newly diagnosed patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myeloblastic leukemia with maturation (M(2)) and erythroleukemia (M(6)) were studied by using light microscope. The results showed that many kinds of dysmegakaryocytes were observed in bone marrow smears of 4 cases, while in case A (PMF) and case D (M(6)) micromegakaryocytes were ripped apart; in case B (MDS) and case C (M(2)) megakaryocytes were accompanied by nuclear extrusion or nucleocytoplasmic separation, and their bodies were large or giant, the part of nucleus separated from their body and little cytoplasm remained as micromegakaryocytes. The nucleocytoplasmic separation could be displayed by immunocytochemistry stain. It is concluded that the phenomenon of nuclear extrusion and nucleocytoplasmic separation in megakaryocytes suggested the process that dispersed multinuclear releasing towards surround or even totally left the cell body during the megakaryocyte maturation. It also showed that the micromegakaryocytes may be the result of nucleocytoplasmic separation or splittings from multi-separated nucleus.
Aged ; Bone Marrow Cells ; pathology ; Cell Nucleus ; pathology ; Cytoplasm ; pathology ; Female ; Hematologic Diseases ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Megakaryocytes ; pathology ; Middle Aged

Liver involvement is often observed in hematological disorders, resulting in liver abnormality, including unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, monoclonal hyperglobulinemia, portal vein, or hepatic vein thrombosis or portal hypertension, hepatosplenomegaly, or iron accumulation in the liver. Here we summarize the major hematological diseases that often affect the liver: hemolytic anemia, defect in coagulation or anti-coagulation factors, myeloproliferative neoplasm, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma. We hope this review will help clinicians diagnose and manage the patients with liver involvement by hematological disorders.
Hematologic Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; Myeloproliferative Disorders/diagnosis* ; Portal Vein/pathology*

Burkitt Lymphoma ; pathology ; virology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; pathology ; Hematologic Diseases ; pathology ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; pathology ; Hodgkin Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; classification ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the diagnostic value and safety of percutaneous lung biopsy in hematologic patients with lung infection.

METHODS28 cases hematologic patients received CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy when they developed a fever associated with pulmonary nodules or lumps in CT scan whose clinical diagnosis were unclear during or after chemotherapy. Sample of each lesion were drawn twice. The lung tissue was re-scanned after lung biopsy to check up in order to discover bleeding and pneumothorax. Biopsy tissue was examined by bacteria culture, acid-fast staining and pathology. Pathological examination contained HE staining, acid-fast stain, PAS stain, TB-DNA, methenamine silver and others.

RESULTS28 cases contain 24 males and 4 females. Median age was 40 15 - 77 years old. Blood tests were as follows: 3 cases with HGB > 110 g/L, 9 with HGB 90 - 110 g/L, 12 with HGB 60 - 89 g/L, 4 with HGB < 60 g/L. 8 with WBC > 10×10(9)/L, 6 with WBC (4 - 10)×10(9)/L, 13 with WBC < 4×10(9)/L, 1 with WBC < 2×10(9)/L; 14 with PLT > 100×10(9)/L, 5 with PLT (50 - 100)×10(9)/L, 5 with PLT < 50×10(9)/L, 4 with PLT < 30×10(9)/L. 4 cases had mild extended PT, 3 mild extended APTT, 3 FIB lower than normal. Lung CT scans were as follows: 4 cases with simply lesion in right lung, 4 with simply lesion in left lung, 20 with lesions in bilateral lung. 8 cases were diagnosed as fungal infection, 3 as tuberculosis infection, 1 as lung cancer, 1 as pulmonary infiltration of lymphoma, 1 as pulmonary infiltration of leukemia, and 14 as inflammatory changes with no specific diagnosis. 4 cases came with pneumothorax during lung biopsy, mild to moderate in 3 cases and severe in 1 case. Severe patient turned better after CT-guided suction. 3 cases with mild hemoptysis turned better after treatment.

CONCLUSIONWhen hematopathy patients are with pulmonary nodules or lumps in CT scan whose clinical diagnosis is unclear, CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy is safe and conducive to early diagnosis and conducive to early rehabilitation of patients if the coagulation function is basically normal and platelet count is not too low.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Female ; Hematologic Diseases ; microbiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; diagnosis ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Bone Marrow/metabolism ; Bone Marrow/pathology ; Bone Marrow Diseases/diagnosis ; Bone Marrow Examination* ; Comparative Study ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hematologic Diseases/diagnosis* ; Human ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/pathology

The inflammasome is a group of multiprotein complexes in the cytoplasm, which can activate caspase-1 that mediates the maturation and release of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines.NALP1 (NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 1), also known as NLRP1, is the first one of the identified complex inflammasomes with definite ligands mainly involved in the activation of inflammasome assembly and the formation of apoptotic bodies. Moreover, it was also found that NLRP1 plays an important biological role in the development of acute leukemia, the bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell apoptosis and other blood diseases. This review briefly summarizes the structure, activation mechanism, regulation and the role of NLRP1 in the hematopoietic system.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; Hematologic Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Inflammasomes ; Multiprotein Complexes