Objective To evaluate the effects of propofol on glomerular and renal tubular functionsMethods Twenty-five patients without renal disease were randomly assigned to two groups: propofol group(n=13) and enflurane group(n=12), The creatinine, urea nitrogen, uric acid(UA) , ? 2 -microglobulin( ? 2-MG) concentrations in serum and urine were measured before induction of anesthesia, and 1, 2, 3, and 24h after induction Albumin(ALb), immunoglobulin G(IgG), pH, and protein in urine were also examinedResults In both groups , the urine concentrations of ? 2-MG , ALb and IgG were significantly increased following the administrations compared with those before induction of anesthesia (P

Objective To investigate the effects of anesthesia and operation on glomerular and renal tubular function Methods Forty patients without renal disease were assigned to 4 groups: general anesthesia + minor operation; general anesthesia +major operation; epidural block + minor operation and epidural block + major operation The concentration of ?_2-microglobulin(?_2-MG)、albumin(Alb)and immunoglobulin G(IgG)in urine were measured before operation ,1h following operation and 24h after operationResults In the groups of major operation, the concentrations of ?_2-MG, Alb and IgG in urine increased significantly during and after operation(P005)Conclusions The influences on renal glomerular and tubular function during perioperation are related to the degree of operative stimulation, but do not to the anesthesia

It remains a common problem that the evaluation model of course learning for stu-dents is so simple in the higher education of China. Moreover, the teachers are usually used to evalu-ating student's course learning by summative appraisal and ignore process appraisal, so that the stu-dents are usually lack of learning enthusiasm for self study. Besides, the course learning evaluation of students generally lacks the uniform and detail standard in the country. To resolve these problems, a comprehensive evaluation model of course learning based on the principle of talent evaluation has been practiced and improved since 2007 in some basic medical courses at our university. This model is composed of four parts:the evaluation of mastering basic knowledge, the evaluation of the ability to resolve problems through applied knowledge, the evaluation of practical study and the evaluation of learning initiatives. The model has showed in the practice the characteristics of powerful operability, pluralistic evaluating indicators, combining summative appraisal and process one, reflecting objectively the mastering degree of expertise of students and promoting the self-study of students.

Molecular biology is the fundamental course of life science,and its experimental teaching is difficult to offer due to its long process and need of expensive equipments.Virtual laboratory platform is an important approach for practice teaching in recent years.This article discussed the advantages and requirements,provided the experience of its applying at our university,and suggested that virtual laboratory platform can play a key role in molecular biology experimental teaching.

Objective To investigated the efficacy and toxic effects of combined chemotherapy of vinorelbine plus cisplatin or carboplatin in patients aged ≥ 70 years and with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods One hundred patients with lung cancer aged ≥70 years were enrolled in the study.Fifty patients in chemotherapy group were assigned to receive vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 at the first day and the fifth day plus cisplatin 60-70 mg/m2 or carboplatin 250 mg/m2 at the second day.All treatments were repeated every 3 or 4 weeks.Another fifty patients aged ≥ 70 years were taken as control group, not receiving treatment.The primary endpoint was survival.Results Forty-five patients were evaluable for response and the partial remission rate was 35.6% (16/45).One year survival rate was 37.8% and median survival time was 9.75 months in chemotherapy group.The median survival time was 4.0 months for patients in control group.All 50 patients in chemotherapy group were evaluable for toxic side effects.WHO grade Ⅲ incidences of leucopoenia, neutropenia and anemia were 38.0%, 52.0% and 2.2%, respectively.Grade IV incidence of neutropenia was 35.5%.WHO grade Ⅲ incidences of fatigue, constipation and vomit were 22.0%, 8.0% and 14.8%,respectively.Five patients failed to complete the treatment due to side effects.Conclusions Combined chemotherapy of vinorelbine plus platinum drugs is effective and tolerated in patients aged over 70 years with advanced NSCLC.Even patients with stable clinical effects shows benefit of survival time.

Objective To explore the effect of the gene silencing of phosphatidic acid-preferring phospholipase A1 (PA-PLA1) on insulin secretion in mouse insulin-secreting cell line MIN6. Methods The siRNA expression vector of mouse PA-PLA1 gene targeting was constructed using mouse PA-PLA1 mRNA sequence available in GenBank, and MIN6 cells were transfected with the vector. Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western-blotwere applied to screen efficient RNAi-vector. After transfection with obtained efficient RNAi-vectors for 48 hours, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion experiments were conducted, and the changes of insulin secretion were examined. Results Four siRNA expression vectors of mouse PA-PLA1 gene targeting were confirmed to be successfully constructed by the analyses of enzyme cleavage and sequencing. The results of fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot analyses indicated that the siRNA expression vectorpGPU6-PA-PLA1-1885was the most effective RNAi-vector in the four vectors. The expression levels of the PA-PLA1 mRNA and protein of the MIN6 cells transfectedwith pGPU6-PA-PLA1-1885 decreased to 46.3% and 33.9% of that of the control, respectively, and meanwhile the insulin secretion levels of the cells decreased to 65.0% of that of the control (P < 0.05). Conclusion The gene silencing of phosphatidic acid-preferring phospholipase A1 might decrease insulin secretion in MIN6 cells.

BACKGROUNDTo evaluate the activity and toxicity of paclitaxel as second-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSForty patients with recurrent advanced NSCLC were enrolled. Thirty-six patients were managed with regular regimen. Paclitaxel 135 mg/m², 3 h, on day 1; DDP 75 mg/m² or carboplatin 300-350 mg/m² on day 2. Four patients were managed with weekly regimen. Paclitaxel 60 mg/m²,3 h, on days 1,8,15; DDP 75 mg/m² on day 2. It was repeated every three or four weeks, up to two to four cycles.

RESULTSThirty-six cases were evaluated for response and 27 for survival. The objective response rate was 13.9% (5/36). At least one tumor-related symptom relief was observed in 21 patients (58.3%). The median survival duration was 26.4 weeks and 1-year survival rate was 8% (4/36). The main toxicities included myelosuppression, fatigue and myalgia-arthralgia neuropathy.

CONCLUSIONSPaclitaxel has advantage to be well-tolerated and improve tumor-related symptom. Further studies with standardization of dose and regimen will be needed to clarify its role in the second-line treatment.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of Serratia marcescens (S311) vaccine in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion.

METHODSThirty-four patients with malignant pleural effusion were given S311 as intrapleural injection with a dose of 10(9) U (0.32 mg) on D 1, 8 and 15, and observed for four weeks.

RESULTSThe overall response rate (CR + PR) was 97.1% (CR in 12 patients and PR in 21 patients). The systemic toxicity was mild, including fever (82.4%), pleuritic pain (50.7%), nansea (26.5%), dyspnea (17.5%) and chills (5.9%).

CONCLUSIONSerratia marcescens vaccine is effective for malignant pleural effusion, with tolerable toxic effects. Further study is warranted.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacterial Vaccines ; adverse effects ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Chest Pain ; chemically induced ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Fever ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pleural Effusion ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Serratia marcescens ; immunology ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDUroacitides is a group of cell differentiation inducers, which is purified from fresh human urine. Preclinical studies of Uroacitides have showed that cancer cells could be induced to differentiate, and the growth of cancer cells could be inhibited by Uroacitides. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and toxicity between Uroacitides combined with NP regimen and NP alone in treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSForty-two cases of advanced NSCLC were randomized into Uroacitides+NP and NP groups. NP group: NVB 25mg/m² on days 1 and 8, DDP 75mg/m² on day 1. Uroacitides combined with NP group: Uroacitides of 300mL was given through subclavian catheter daily for 7 days prior to the NP chemotherapy, then concurrently with NP regimen for 2 cycles, except the days of administration of chemotherapy.

RESULTSIn the Uroacitides+NP group, the overall response rate was 44.4%, and 20.0% in the NP group (P > 0.05). The median survival time was 9 months in the Uroacitides+NP group and 6 months in the NP group (P=0.0287). The main toxicities were myelosuppression, gastrointestinal reaction and alopecia, and there was no significant difference in incidences of toxicities between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSUroacitides combined with NP regimen shows a good curative effect and low toxicity, and may significantly prolong the median survival time for advanced NSCLC.

BACKGROUNDTo evaluate the efficacy, side-effects, median survival duration and survival rate of vinorelbine (NVB) combined with cisplatin (DDP) in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSA total of 220 patients with inoperable NSCLC received NVB and DDP combined chemotherapy: NVB 25-30 mg/(m²*d) on days 1 and 5 (or 8), DDP 60-80 mg/(m²*d) on day 2. The schedule was repeated every 28 days. The efficacy and side-effects were analysed and followed-up after at least two cycles of chemotherapy.

RESULTSThe overall response rate (CR+PR) was 30.9% (68/220). The response rate was 31.3% (51/163) in initial treatment group, and 29.8% (17/57) in retreatment group. The median survival duration was 8.3 months. The 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 39.23%, 19.31% and 6.32%, respectively. The main side-effects were myelosuppression and digestive tract reactions.

CONCLUSIONSVinorelbine plus cisplatin is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for non small cell lung cancer and myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxicity.