Helicobacter pylori (HP) is an infectious pathogen which can easily infringe gastric mucosa. If the body is infected by HP, it can release cytokines, such as TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6. These cytokines can regulate the absorption and transformation of bone, promote the formation of osteoclast, and then cause localized or systemic osteoporosis. HP infection may decrease the level of estrogen and vitamin B12, which is considered as a risk factor for osteoporosis. Helicobacter pylori infection is related with the occurrence of gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric malignancies, and these diseases and treatments are associated with osteoporosis. Meanwhile the application of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) can influence absorption of calcium, decrease the level of serum calcium and increase the risk of fracture. Gastrostomy may cause bone metabolism disorders.
Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; etiology

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium that was first isolated in 1982. Since then, H. pylori infection in humans has been shown to be associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma as well. The epidemiology, transmission, and pathogenicity of H. pylori has been a subject of intensive study. Successful treatment improves the cure rate of peptic ulcerations and treatment with antimicrobials also decreases the recurrence rate of these diseases. Better regimens having less toxicity and a good eradication rate have also been developed. A better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms relating to H. pylori induced mucosal damages would result in more options for the prevention of peptic ulcers and carcinogenesis. Korea has a relatively high incidence of H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. Growing interest has developed in view of its importance in being associated with various gastroduodenal diseases. Furthermore, along with a high incidence of H. pylori-related disease in Korea, because the interaction between H. pylori, host factors and environmental factors is important in disease pathogenesis, we need to have precise data on the characteristics of H. pylori-related diseases that occur in Korea. In the present report we review the epidemiology, transmission route, diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment methods and relationship with gastroduodenal diseases with in special references to basic and clinical data that have been published.
Dyspepsia/etiology ; Helicobacter Infections/*complications/diagnosis/etiology ; *Helicobacter pylori ; Human ; Korea ; Peptic Ulcer/etiology ; Stomach Neoplasms/etiology

The study was aimed to explore the relationship between infection of Helicobacter Pylorus (H. Pylorus) and etiology of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and evaluate whether H. Pylorus eradication can increase platelet count in patients with ITP. The data-bases of cqvip, Wanfang, TsingHua TongFang, CNKI and PubMed were searched, inclusion and exclusion criteria and heterogeneity test were determined. The studies of H. Pylorus infection and ITP were investigated with fixed effect mode Meta-analysis. Relationship between H. Pylorus infection and etiology of ITP, H. Pylorus eradication and curative effect of ITP were comprehensively and quantitatively evaluated. OR > 1 indicated that factor of exposure was the risk factor of disease; OR < 1 suggested that factor of exposure was the protective factor of disease; OR = 1 revealed that there were no correlation between factor of exposure and diseases. 95%CI was the confidence interval of total OR. The results showed that a total of 211 cases and 210 controls from 5 studies was included to evaluate the exposure of H. Pylorus between ITP patients and controls, the pooled OR was 1.73 (95%CI = 1.12 - 2.67); a total of 458 cases and 305 controls from 13 studies was included to evaluate the relationship between H. Pylorus eradication and curative effect of ITP, the pooled OR was 6.53 (95%CI = 4.44 - 9.61). It is concluded that H. Pylorus infection plays a role in the etiology of ITP. Eradication of H. Pylorus increases platelet count in patients with ITP. H. Pylorus eradication can be used as the first line measure to treat H. Pylorus-positive ITP.
Helicobacter Infections ; therapy ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Platelet Count ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; etiology ; microbiology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo probe into the correlativity of Helicobacter pylori (HP) with cerebral infarction and the possible mechanism.

METHODSComprehensively discuss the data of studies on the clinical correlativity of HP with cerebral infarction and the possible pathogenic mechanisms.

CONCLUSIONMost scholars hold that HP infection is one of risk factors of cerebral infarction. At present, the theory about positive correlation tendency between HP infection and occurrence of cerebral infarction has not been defined. For the mechanism about HP infection possibly inducing cerebral infarction, studies indicate that HP is involved in attack of cerebral infarction possibly alone or via influencing other risk factors, and the pathogenic mechanism mainly include inflammation, immunology and metabolism and so on. However, whether HP infection is a risk factor for attack of cerebral infarction, and the accurate pathogenic mechanisms need further be studied scientifically.

DNA Methylation ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; etiology ; genetics ; Telomerase ; physiology

Adult ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Hyperemesis Gravidarum ; etiology ; Pregnancy

Adolescent ; Bile Reflux ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastritis ; etiology ; Gastroscopy ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; diagnosis ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Male

The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinicopathologic features of Helicobacter heilmannii-associated gastritis and to compare H. heilmannii-associated gastritis with H. pylori-associated gastritis. We reviewed 5,985 consecutive gastric biopsy specimens. All cases of chronic gastritis with Helicobacter infection were evaluated with the Updated Sydney System, and the grades of all gastritis variables were compared between H. heilmannii-associated gastritis and H. pylori-associated gastritis groups. There were 10 cases of H. heilmannii-associated gastritis (0.17%) and 3,285 cases of H. pylori-associated gastritis (54.9%). The organisms were superficially located within the mucous layer without adhesion to epithelial cells. Interestingly, in one case many intracytoplasmic H. heilmannii organisms were observed in parietal cells with cell damage. A case of low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma concomitant with H. heilmannii infection was detected. Compared to H. pylori-associated gastritis, H. heilmannii-associated gastritis showed less severe neutrophilic activity (p<0.0001), mononuclear cell infiltration (p=0.0029), and endoscopic findings of chronic gastritis devoid of erosion or ulcer (p=0.0309). In conclusion, we present the detailed clinicopathologic findings of H. heilmanniiassociated gastritis compared to H. pylori-associated gastritis. H. heilmannii-associated gastritis is uncommon and milder than H. pylori-associated gastritis, however it may be noteworthy with respect to the development of MALT lymphoma.
Stomach Neoplasms/etiology/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Lymphoma, Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue/etiology/pathology ; Humans ; *Helicobacter pylori ; *Helicobacter heilmannii ; Helicobacter Infections/*pathology ; Gastritis/*pathology ; Female ; Adult

OBJECTIVES: Considering the geographic differences in the prevalence of virulence factors such as CagA or VacA of H. pylori isolated from Korean adults compared with those from western countries, the establishment of a mouse model infected with H. pylori isolated from Korean adults is needed to investigate the pathogenesis and to develop vaccines against H. pylori infection in Korea. The aim of this study was to establish the BALB/c mouse model infected with H. pylori isolated from Korean. METHODS: Six-week-old BALB/c mice were inoculated intragastrically with 10(9) CFU of H. pylori. Loss of glandular architecture, erosions and infiltration of inflammatory cells within the lamina propria compared with normal gastric mucosa were scrutinized. Evidence for H. pylori infection was assessed by rapid urease test of gastric mucosa and by microscopic examination using the H & E stain and Warthin-Starry silver stain. RESULTS: Rapid urease test was positive in 55% of all inoculated mice. Definite histologic changes and the evidence of H. pylori colonization were observed in the H. pylori infected group. Significant infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed 6 weeks after the last inoculation and the level of serum IgG against H. pylori was increased from 2 weeks after the last inoculation. CONCLUSIONS: The H. pylori isolated freshly from Korean adults could colonize the stomach of BALB/c mice and induce pathologic alterations that mimics human gastric diseases. This model would facilitate the investigations for the pathogenetic mechanisms of H. pylori infection.
Adult ; Animal ; Base Sequence ; DNA Primers/genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa/pathology ; Helicobacter Infections/pathology ; Helicobacter Infections/etiology* ; Helicobacter pylori*/pathogenicity ; Helicobacter pylori*/isolation & purification ; Helicobacter pylori*/genetics ; Human ; Korea ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Virulence/genetics

No abstract available.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*adverse effects ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*etiology ; Helicobacter Infections/*complications ; *Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract