ObjectiveTo investigate the association of BANK1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) in Chinese Han. MethodsTwo hundreds and twenty-one RA patients and 310 healthy controls who were Chinses Han population from Huashan Hopital and Changzheng Hospital in Shanghai,China were included.DNAs were extracted from peripheral whole blood for study.Samples were genotyped for three variants rs10516487,rs17266594 and rs3733197 in BANK1 by unlabelled probe high resolution melting (HRM) assay.The genotype frequencies of the detected polymorphisms were analyzed in relation to RA and the production of autoantibodies in RA patients.ResultsThe Tr genotype frequency was much higher in RA patients than in healthy controls(X2=6.241,P=0.044).The frequencies of rs10516487 G allele,rs17266594 T allele and rs3733197 G allele were increased among RA patients compared with healthy controls,although they didn't reach statistical significance.The rs10516487 and rs17266594 were found in strong linkage disequilibrium(D'=0.993,r2=0.985).And also the major TGG haplotype of 3-SNP was significantly associated with RA patients[P=0.037,OR =1.345,95％CI (1.018-1.776)].ConclusionBANK1 rs17266594 polymorphism is susceptible to RA,while rs10516487 and rs17266594 are linked in Chinese Han population.BANK1 SNPs TGG haplotype may contribute to RA susceptibility,too.

Objective To evaluate the effect of using standardized patients (SP) in psychiatry class teaching.Methods A standardized patient was used when giving instructions on seven years clinic medicine students of Fudan university,the effect of this teaching model was assessed.Results Totally 96.19％ of students believed that standardized patients teaching model was better than the traditional model.Students in classes of using standardized patients scored higher than students in classes without using standardized patients.Conclusion The standardized patients teaching mode,recognized by almost all students,is believed to help students to better master the knowledge of psychiatry.

Objective The aim of the study was to observe the features of nail fold microcirculation in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and to compare these findings in SSc patients with patients with other connective tissue diseases.Methods Forty patients with SSc and thirty-seven patients with other connective tissue diseases were included in the study and all the patients reported symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon in the hands were also included.Nail fold capillaroscopy (NFC) was performed and the abnormality of nail fold microcirculation between the two groups were compared.The relations between nail fold capillaroscopic findings and clinicolaboratory parameters in SSc patients were analyzed.Statistical analysis were carried out by t-test and Chi-square.Results The loss of capillaries and dilated and giant capillaries and hemorrhage as well as neoangiogenesis were hallmarks of the scleroderma capillary findings,which could be detected by nail fold capillaroscopy.The abnormalities of nail fold microcirculation in SSc patients were more severe and more specific than those in other connective tissue disease patients.The total scores of nail fold capillaroscopy test were obviously higher in SSc patients with lung or esophagus involvement than those patients without these organ involvement,meanwhile,the total scores of nail fold capillaroscopic findiugs were elevated in SSc patients with anti-Scl70 antibody than those with negative group.Conclusion The nail fold capillaries of patients with SSc have specific abnormalities,and nail fold capill-aroscopy could distinguish between SSc and other connective tissue diseases,therefore it could be used as a promising tool for early detection of patients who may have the potential to develop scleroderma and it is also helpful in assessing disease severity.

With the promulgation of a series of laws and regulations in our country, the requirement for stand-ardized management of clinical research process are gradually clear, and higher requirements on the following-up review management of ethics committee also are put forward. Through concluding and summarizing 128 noncompli-ance/violation or protocol deviation reports accepted by a hospital in recent two years, this paper analyzed four main problems including that the researchers at management level failed to report or report timely; the researchers reported in irregular filling;the same type of violation/deviation program happened repeatedly and the rectification to the review opinions of ethics committee was ineffective, and also put forward the corresponding suggestions, in order to strengthen and perfect the standard management of noncompliance/violation or protocol deviation report.

Objective To investigate the in vitro metabolites and metabolic pathways of phenethylamine new psychoactive substances 2C-B-FLY and 25B-NBOH in human liver microsomes.Methods The human liver microsome incubation model was established,and the samples were centrifuged,blow-dried and re-dissolved after 3 h of co-incubation in a water bath at 37℃.The samples were detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography Q Exactive mass spectrometry in ESI+mode,and the parent drug and its metabolites were examined by applying Full scan-ddMS2 data-dependent acquisition mode.Results After in vitro incubation with human liver microsomes,2C-B-FLY was metabolised to produce a total of four phase I metabolites and one acetylated phase II metabolite,which underwent metabolic reactions such as hydroxylation,debromination,and N-acetylation.25B-NBOH was metabolised to produce a total of eight phase I metabolites and two glucuronidated phase II metabolites,which comprised the major biotransformation reactions of O-demethylation,hydroxylation,amine dehydrogenation,N-dealkylation and glucuronidation.Conclusion This study describes the metabolites and metabolic pathways of 2C-B-FLY and 25B-NBOH in a human liver microsomal incubation system,providing a scientific basis for the in vivo detection of new psychoactive substance of the phenethylamine group.