No abstract available.
Paget Disease, Extramammary

Electrocardiograms were observed in 168 patients with typhoid fever and were analyzed according to the duration of illness and hemoglobin level. The following results were obtained. 1) 124 patients out of 168 patients showed abnormal electrocardiographic findings. 2) The most prevalent abnormal findings were observed during third to fourth week of illness. 3) The lower the hemoglobin level, the higher frequency of electrocardiographic abnormalities were found. 4) Among the electrocardiographic disorders, sinus tachycardia was the most common finding and it was found in 60 cases(35.7%). The major abnormalities were ST-T change, low QRS voltage, prolongation of Q-T interval and prolongation of P-R interval: the over all incidence of these were 26.8%, 15.5%, 13.7% and 9.55 respectively. In addition to the major abnormalities, incomplete right bundle branch block (5.4%), premature ventricular contractions(3.0%) and abnormal Q wave(1.2%) were observed.
Bundle-Branch Block ; Electrocardiography* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Tachycardia, Sinus ; Typhoid Fever*

Filler injection is an extremely popular cosmetic procedure in Korea, but surprisingly few dermatologists are aware of the package inserts in filler products. In the era of legal dispute, it is important that we fully understand the indications, contraindications, and side effects of the individual filler products. The purpose of this paper is to provide a general overview of the contents of package inserts of filler products that are commercially available in Korea, especially in terms of the contraindications of filler injection. The authors emphasize that greater improvement in the Korean package inserts of filler products can be expected. Currently, practicing physicians are usually blamed for filler complications. We also found many significant translational errors. We hope that dermatologists take more interest in filler package inserts by reading this overview.
Dissent and Disputes ; Hope ; Korea* ; Product Labeling*

PURPOSE: This study was to identify the effect of the experience of diabetes education on knowledge, self-care behavior and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C). Further, this study was held to examine about patient's preferred methods of education and re-education frequency. METHODS: 166 type 2 diabetes patients from two hospitals in Incheon participated in this study. Data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: 72.3% patients needed re-education and the average interval of re-education was 8.53 months. Patients preferred education methods were lectures, practical training, and studying from pamphlet. Depending on the frequency of diabetes education, there were significant differences in the level of diabetes knowledge (F=10.88, p<.001) and self-care behaviors (F=4.59, p=.012), but there was not significant difference with HbA1C (F=1.53, p=.220). As to how much the diabetes education helped managing diabetes, there was a significant difference in the level of self-care behaviors (t=2.01, p=.049), but there were not significant differences in level of knowledge (t=1.10, p=.275) and HbA1C (t=-.33, p=.746). The experience of diabetes education was a significant factor which influenced patient's knowledge (t=3.93, p<.001) and self-care behaviors (t=2.21, p<.001). But HbA1C was not influenced by the experience of diabetes education (t=-1.68, p=.096). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to provide diabetes education with appropriate interval and methods and subjects that reflect the needs of patient through the study results.
Education* ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated* ; Humans ; Incheon ; Lectures ; Pamphlets ; Self Care*

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the association between smoking status and adherence to physical activity (PA) guidelines among Korean adults, and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP). Methods: The data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2014 to 2021. When analyzing the effects of smoking and PA on the AIP, smoking status was classified as nonsmoker, former smoker, and current smoker. Meeting the PA guidelines was categorized as not meeting both the moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) guidelines, meeting only the MVPA guidelines, meeting only the MSA guidelines, and meeting both. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to determine the correlation between smoking status and AIP, whether PA guidelines were met and AIP, and the cross-effects. Results: The risk of AIP was about twice as high in current smokers (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.87–2.14) compared to those who had never smoked. When conducting multiple logistic regression analysis using current smokers who met neither the MVPA nor MSA guidelines as the reference group, the risk of AIP was found to decrease in current smokers who met only the MSA guideline (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72–0.98) or both guidelines (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.51–0.84). Conclusion For the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, it is important to engage in both aerobic and strength exercises that meet the PA guidelines, as well as to quit smoking. PA is thought to be able to buffer the effects of smoking.

A 41-year-old woman was admitted because of dyspnea on exertion for one month. She was diagnosed to have systemic lupus erythematosus 4 years ago and has taken prednisolone and azathioprine. One month prior to admission she visited dental clinic for painful gingival swelling and gingival biopsy was performed. Physical examination showed multiple round elevated purpuric rashes in thoracic wall. Gingiva and skin biopsy showed Kaposi's sarcoma. Computed tomography of abdomen and chest revealed ill-defined nodules in both lung fields and multiple small para-aortic lymphadenopathies. Chemotherapy with paclitaxel was given for Kaposi's sarcoma. Prednisolone was tapered. After the 7th course of chemotherapy, the lesions show marked improvement in size and number.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Azathioprine ; Biopsy ; Dental Clinics ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Exanthema ; Female ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Lung ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Paclitaxel ; Physical Examination ; Prednisolone ; Sarcoma, Kaposi* ; Skin ; Thoracic Wall ; Thorax

Since 1931, sporadic reports have appeared noting an apparent association between hyperthyroidism and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Recent various studies suggested that these two diseases may share a similar immunologic background, but the exact mechanism is still a matter of speculation. This 22-year-old female patient visited this hospital because of general weakness and purpura of legs for 2 months. The laboratory findings were compatible with Graves' disease associated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The platelet count was 16000/mm³, hemoglobin was 10.9 g/dl and MCV was 60.1fL. T3 was 490.53 ng/dL, T4 was 24 ug/dL and free T4 was 5.66 ng/dL. Antiplatelet antibody and antimicrosomal antibody were positive. The bone marrow findings were compatible with iron deficiency anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The thyroid biopsy showed adenomatous goiter. She was administered with propylthiouracil, Beta-blocker, iron and prednisolon. On the 10th hospital day, platelet count was 184000/mm³, hemoglobin was 12.0 gm/dL and MCV was 67.5 fL. On the 20th hospital day, T4 was 10.35 ug/dL and free T4 was 2.30 ng/dL. Therefore she was discharged and followed up.
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency* ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Female ; Goiter ; Graves Disease* ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Iron* ; Leg ; Platelet Count ; Propylthiouracil ; Purpura ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic* ; Thyroid Gland ; Young Adult

Bartter syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the association of hypokalemic hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, hyperreninemia, hyperaldosteronemia, short stature and nephrocalcinosis. This disorder presents with hyperplasia of juxtaglomerular apparatus on renal biopsy. We experienced a case of late-onset Bartter syndrome with nephrocalcinosis in a 9-year-old boy, whose chief pictures were muscle weakness, short stature, persistent sterile pyuria and microscopic hematuria. We report this case with a brief review of related literatures.
Alkalosis ; Bartter Syndrome* ; Biopsy ; Child ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ; Male ; Muscle Weakness* ; Nephrocalcinosis ; Pyuria

Nasopharyngeal dermoid is a rare disease which in neonates leads to respiratory failure. We report the CT and MR imaging findings of a case of neonatal dermoid which developed in the Eustachian tube. The neonate involved was referred to our hospital because of respiratory difficulties and cyanosis.
Cyanosis ; Dermoid Cyst* ; Eustachian Tube* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nasopharynx ; Rare Diseases ; Respiratory Insufficiency

PURPOSE: Cancer invasion is induced by several proteolytic enzyme systems associated with the destruction of basement membrane and extracellular matrix. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) have been reported as prognostic factors in breast cancer patients and plasminogen activation is regulated by various factor such as uPAR and growth factor. So we examined the tissue levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue uPAR levels were measured by ELISA assay in 268 breast cancer patients. RESULTS: The median and mean values of tissue uPAR level in breast cancer were 3.5 ng/mg and 4.8+-3.6 ng/mg cytosol protein, respectively. Tissue uPAR level was the highest in T1 stage, but there was no statistical significance between T stage (p >0.05). In nodal stage, there was also no difference in the value of uPAR according to progression. And the value of uPAR expression was not associated with estrogen and progesteron receptor status, number of involved node and percent of node involvement. In TNM stage, tissue uPAR levels were higher in patients with stage I-II than in patients with stage III-IV (p=0.027). In univariate analysis, nodal factor (p=0.0023) and TNM stage (p=0.0004) were significantly associated with overall survival. But, multivariate analysis showed that TNM stage was the only significant prognostic factor (p=0.0002). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that uPAR is mainly associated with initial tumor invasion and other factors might be involved in later stages of cancer progression.
Basement Membrane ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cytosol ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Estrogens ; Extracellular Matrix ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Plasminogen Activators* ; Plasminogen* ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator*