Objective To investigate the relationship of sperm morphology with seminal plasma zinc and sperm acrosin activity in male infertile patients.Methods 455 patients with male infertility were divided into 5 groups and 8 groups according to age and sperm morphology respectively.The sperm morphology,seminal plasma zinc and sperm acrosin activity were detected by the Diff-Quik stain,modified 5-Br-PAPS and modified Kennedy methods respectively.Results The percentages of morphologically normal sperm and seminal plasma zinc concentration in the infertile men groups were not different in various age groups(P >0.05 ).The sperm acrosin activity in the age group of 36-50 years was remarkably decreased (P <0.05),while which in other age groups had no statistical difference(P >0.05).Seminal plasma zinc concentration in the infertile men groups were not different in the 8 groups (P >0.05 ).Sperm acrosin activity was decreased with the percentage decrease of morphologically normal sperm (r =0.93,P <0.01).Conclusion The percentage of morphologically normal sperm is not affectd by the age and the seminal plasma zinc,which is positively correlated with the sperm acrosin activity.

This study observed the protective effect of hypercapnic acidosis preconditioning on rabbit heart suffered from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hypercapnic acidosis was established in animals with mechanical hypoventilation before ischemia-reperfusion. Thirty-two rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, with each having 8 animals in term of the degree of acidification: hypercapnic acidosis group A (group A), hypercapnic acidosis group B (group B), hypercapnic acidosis group C (group C), ischemia and reperfusion group (group IR). Animals in group IR were ventilated normally (tidal volume: 15 mL/kg, breathing rate 35 bpm). The PETCO(2) was maintained at the level of 40-50 mmHg for 30 min. Animals in groups A, B, C received low-frequency, low-volume ventilation to achieve hypercarbonic acidosis and the target levels of PETCO(2) were 75-85,65-75, 55-65 mmHg, respectively, with levels being maintained for 5 min. The animals then were ventilated normally to lower PETCO(2) to 40-50 mmHg. The left anterior branch artery of all the animals was ligated for 30 min and reperfused for 180 min. Then the infarct size was calculated. The cardiomyocytes were morphologically observed and ECG and hemodynamics were monitored on continuous basis. Acid-base balance was measured during procedure. Our results showed that the infarct size was (48.5+/-11.5)% of the risk area in the control group and (42.4+/-7.9)% in group C (P>0.05). Mean infarct size was significantly smaller in group B (34.5%+/-9.4%) (P<0.05 vs control group) and group A (31.0%+/-9.1%) (P<0.01 vs control group). It is concluded that HA-preconditioning can effectively protect the myocardium.
Acidosis, Respiratory/*physiopathology ; Hypercapnia/*physiopathology ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial/*methods ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/*prevention & control ; Random Allocation

Objective To compare cable tension band fixation with other 3 fixations in terms of biomechanical stability for tibial avulsion fractures of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).Methods Eighty fresh porcine knees were randomized into 4 equal groups (n =20).For each knee,all the soft tissues were removed only to keep the femur-ACL-tibia complex.The knee complexes were used to create fracture models of standard Meyers-Mc Keever type Ⅲ at the ACL attachment region using a swing saw.The fracture fragments in the 4 groups were subjected to fixation respectively with intramedullary lag screws,high-strength suture,tension band wire and cable tension band.All the specimens were subsequently tested on a Material Testing Machine at a load rate of 60 mm/mm.The 4 groups were compared in terms of ultimate failure load,yield load,and fragmental displacement under single-cycle loading and multi-cyclic loadings.Results Cable tension band fixation displayed significantly higher ultimate failure,higher yield load and lower fragmental displacement than all the other 3 fixations (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion As cable tension band fixation,which is convenient and economical,provides better biomechanical stability than other 3 fixations for tibial avulsion fractures of the ACL,it may allow earlier functional and weight-bearing exercise after operation.

This study observed the protective effect of hypercapnic acidosis preconditioning on rabbit heart suffered from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hypercapnic acidosis was established in animals with mechanical hypoventilation before ischemia-reperfusion. Thirty-two rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, with each having 8 aminals in term of the degree of acidification: hypercapnic acidosis group A (group A), hypercapnic acidosis group B (group B), hypercapnic acidosis group C (group C), ischemia and reperfusion group (group IR). Animals in group IR were ventilated normally (tidal volume: 15 mL/kg, breathing rate 35 bpm). The PETCO2 was maintained at the level of 40-50 mmHg for 30 min. Animals in groups A, B, C received low-frequency, low-volume ventilation to achieve hypercarbonic acidosis and the target levels of PETCO2 were 75-85,65-75, 55--65 mmHg,respectively, with levels being maintained for 5 min. The animals then were ventilated normally to lower PETCO2 to 40-50 mmHg. The left anterior branch artery of all the animals was ligated for 30 min and reperfused for 180 min. Then the infarct size was calculated. The cardiomyocytes were morphologically observed and ECG and hemodynamics were monitored on continuous basis.Acid-base balance was measured during procedure. Our results showed that the infarct size was (48.5±11.5)% of the risk area in the control group and (42.4+7.9)% in group C (P>0.05). Mean infarct size was significantly smaller in group B (34.5%_+9.4%) (P<0.05 vs control group) and group A (31.0%±9.1%) (P<0.01 vs control group). It is concluded that HA-preconditioning can effectively protect the myocardium.