Purpose: To analyze and compare changes in refractive error according to different haptic intraocular lenses after cataract surgery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 508 eyes of 254 patients who underwent cataract surgery in both eyes, with the MBI® SAL302AC (C loop haptic intraocular lens [IOL]) used in one eye and the Zeiss® CT ASPHINA509M (plate haptic IOL) in the other. Using the Barrett Universal II formula, prediction errors were calculated at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, and 6 months after surgery.Result: In the C loop group, prediction error was -0.26 ± 0.42 diopter (D) and -0.17 ± 0.45 D at weeks 1 and 2 postoperatively, respectively. Hyperopic shift, which reduced myopia, progressed until 2 weeks postoperatively (p < 0.001), after which there was no significant further shift. In the plate group, prediction error was -0.37 ± 0.45 D at 1 week postoperatively, -0.25 ± 0.44 D at 2 weeks postoperatively, -0.11 ± 0.44 D at 1 month postoperatively, and -0.04 ± 0.44 D at 2 months postoperatively. Hyperopic shift progressed at 2 weeks (p < 0.001), 1 month (p < 0.001), and 2 months (p = 0.02), after which there was no significant further shift. There were no significant differences in the mean or median absolute error at 2 months postoperatively. Conclusions In both the C loop and plate groups, refraction was myopic at 1 week postoperatively, and then the C loop group progressed to hyperopic shift until 2 weeks postoperatively, and the plate group progressed to hyperopic shift until 2 months postoperatively. At 2 months postoperatively, prediction error of the plate group showed a hyperopic tendency compared to the C loop group, but there was no difference in accuracy based on the absolute error using the Barrett Universal II formula.

Purpose: We compared the effects of 0.05% and 0.1% cyclosporine on dry eye symptoms following cataract surgery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with dry eye syndrome who underwent cataract surgery. The patients were separated into 0.05% and 0.1% cyclosporine groups. Each group had been treated with their routine eye drops for 3 months after cataract surgery. We evaluated dry eye symptoms and signs using the Schirmer test, tear film breakup time (TBUT), corneal and conjunctival staining score, ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) testing of the tear film preoperatively and at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. We also compared dry eye symptoms between the groups by dividing all patients according to dry eye severity. Results: The study included 84 eyes (84 patients). The 0.05% cyclosporine group had an increase in the Schirmer test and improved corneal and conjunctival staining scores at 3 months postoperatively. The 0.1% cyclosporine group had improved corneal and conjunctival staining scores at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. The OSDI and MMP-9 results indicated a significant decrease in both groups at 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. There were no significant differences in the change in dry eye symptoms after cataract surgery between the 0.05% and 0.1% cyclosporine groups. In the patients with level II dry eye syndrome, the 0.05% cyclosporine group showed a significant increase in the Schirmer test compared to the 0.1% cyclosporine group at 3 months postoperatively. The 0.1% cyclosporine group showed a significant improvement in TBUT compared to the 0.05% cyclosporine group at 3 months postoperatively. Conclusions Both 0.05% and 0.1% cyclosporine are effective treatments for improving dry eye symptoms and ocular surface inflammation after cataract surgery. Both eye drops are considered to have similar effectiveness.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of an epiretinal membrane (ERM) on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFLT), macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (mGCIPLT) and macular thickness (MT) in relation to glaucoma severity using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Methods: In total, 105 eyes of 105 glaucoma patients with ERM were matched at a 1:1 ratio with glaucoma patients without ERM according to age, sex, cataract surgery, axial length and mean deviation based on visual field tests. The differences in pRNFLT, mGCIPLT and MT between the two groups were assessed using SS-OCT. Furthermore, the patients were divided into three glaucoma-severity groups, and the differences in pRNFLT, mGCIPLT and MT were compared between glaucoma patients with and without ERM in each group. Results: In all patients, including those with early, moderate, and advanced glaucoma, those with ERM had greater average, temporal quadrant, and 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 o’clock pRNFLT values compared to those without ERM. Additionally, mGCIPLT and MT were thicker in glaucoma patients with ERM in all groups. The difference in pRNFLT at the 7 and 11 o’clock positions between glaucoma patients with and without ERM was significantly more pronounced in the moderate glaucoma group than in the early glaucoma group (p = 0.043 and p = 0.012, respectively). Conclusions ERM has notable effects on the pRNFLT, mGCIPLT and MT. Furthermore, the magnitude of its effect on pRNFLT varies with glaucoma severity.