Binder's syndrome has some characteristic signs, such as orbital hypotelorism, shortened and flat noses, diminutive columella, crescent shaped nostrils, acute nasolabial angle, convex upper lip, class III malocclusion, absent anterior nasal spine, and maxillary hypoplasia. Binder's syndrome patients usually need the correction of the following three: the hypoplatic nose, the perialar flatness due to underdevelopment of the piriform margin, and the hypoplastic maxilla with its malocclusion. The authors treated eleven(n=14) patients through various surgical techniques depending on the clinical signs. In order to correct the nasomaxillary hypoplasia, the autogenous bones, the autogenous cartilages and the alloplastic implants were used. In three patients with severe nasomaxillary retrusion, the combined Le Fort I and II osteotomies and the perinasal osteotomy were performed. The results were analyzed using the proportion indices from the preoperative and postoperative lateral photographs of the patients. The postoperative values of all the proportion indices were significantly higher compared to the preoperative ones. For nasal dorsal augmentation, columellar lengthening and peripiriform augmentation, autogenous bone grafts were found to be very effective. The use of high-density porous polyethylene sheets for columellar lengthening was preferred over the use of nasal septal cartilages. Two types of osteotomy were the most effective for nasomaxillary augmentation in severe deformity.
Cartilage ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Lip ; Malocclusion ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Osteotomy ; Nose ; Orbit ; Osteotomy ; Polyethylene ; Spine ; Transplants

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate factors affecting preparation stage to quit smoking in men. METHODS: Based on data from the Community Health Survey conducted in Chungbuk Province in 2008, we estimated rates and odds ratio (OR) of smoking cessation intention for 2,639 men who were current smokers. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors affecting preparation stage to quit smoking. RESULTS: Among current male smokers, the rate of smoking cessation intention was 17.1%. The OR of factors affecting smoking cessation was as follows: Compared to men with middle school education, the OR for rate of smoking cessation intention in men with high school education was 1.47 (p=.018), and for college or higher, 1.55 (p=.017). Compared to being single, the OR for cohabitation after marriage was 1.61 (p=.011) and living alone after marriage, 2.23 (p=.005). The OR for attempt to quit smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke and participation in smoking education were 6.80 (p<.001), 1.32 (p=.020) and 1.69 (p=.005), respectively. CONCLUSION: Results of this study show that it is necessary to decrease exposure to secondhand smoke and to increase participation in smoking cessation education targeting current smokers to move them from precontemplation or contemplation stage to preparation stage.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Demography ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Marriage ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Smoking/*psychology ; *Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the effect of the aircraft noise on the behavior and affect status of the local elementary school students. METHODS: The daytime noise levels of the exposed and control areas were compared and the self answered questionnaires from 272 students and their parents of the exposed area and 91 of the control area were collected. The questionnaires are regarding the noise sensitivity and the psychosocial status of the students, noise sensitivity of the parents and the parents' behavioral evaluation for their children. RESULTS: The mean noise level of the exposed area (67.6 dB(A)) showed higher level than the control area (57.1 dB(A), 58.2 dB(A), 60.2 dB(A)) and it was statistically significant. The mean score for noise sensitivity and the mean score for brief mental exam. in the exposed students were lower than the mean scores in the control group but they were not statistically significant (p=0.056 & 0.165). The mean score for behavioral evaluation of students by their parents in the exposed area(15.5) was higher than the mean score in the control group(13.2) and it was statistically significant(p=0.043). The mean score for noise sensitivity in the exposed parent(27.5) was higher than the mean score in the control group(24.1) and it was statistically significant(p=0.045). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the noise sensitivity of the parents affected the behavioral evaluation of the students than noise-exposure itself. The further study is needed to evaluate relationship between aircraft noise and it's effect on children's health.
Aircraft ; Child ; Humans ; Noise ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires