Genotoxic agents can induce various DNA lesions. DNA-Protein Crosslinks(DPCs) were known as the important DNA lesions which could impair gene expression because DPCs had a high probability of resisting repair and persisting through cell cycle. This repair resistance of DPCs could have biological significance but had not been evaluated clearly yet. Most of the studies that have evaluated the repair of DPCs only compared the extent of DPCs repair with other DNA lesions. We injected K2CrO4, a genotoxic agent, into Sprague-Dawley rats intraperitoneally(5mg/kg) and isolated blood lymphocytes 12 hours later. These lymphocytes were cultured in the mitogen added growth media and mitogen free media separately. The degree of the repair of DPCs was monitored for 4 days by the K-SDS assay. 4 day later, the amount of DPCs decreased by 4.6% in the mitogen added media but in creased by 10.9% in the mitogen free media. These results showed that DPCs induced by K2CrO4 were not repaired easily and the DPCs were biologically significant DNA lesions. We thought the decrease of DPCs in the mitogen added media was not due to the repair of DPCs, but from the increase of normal cell proliferation. Therefore, it is very important to consider the proliferation of normal cells when estimating the repair of DPCs.
Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; DNA ; Gene Expression ; Lymphocytes* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUND: Patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer are often treated with radiation alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Both modalities have a potentially damaging effect on pulmonary function. In order to examine changes in the cardiopulmonary exercise function of patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer before and after conventional radiotherapy, we conducted a prospective study involving patients with such cancer, that had received radiation therapy. METHODS: Resting pulmonary function test, thoracic radiographic finding and cardiopulmonary exercise test(CPET) were assessed prior to and 4 weeks following radiation therapy in 11 male patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Patient with endobronchial mass were excluded. RESULTS: The forces vital capacity(FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1)and maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV) did not decreased between before and 4 weeks after radiation but the diffusing capacity(DLCO) had decreased by 11% 4 weeks after radiation, which was not statistically significant. No changes in maximal oxygen consumption(VO2max), carbon dioxide production(VCO2), exercise time and work load were attributed to radiation therapy. Follow up cardiopulmonary exercise testing revealed unchanged cardiovascular function, ventilatory function and gas exchange. No difference in cardiopulmonary exercise test performance was observed between pre- and post-radiation. CONCLUSION: Cardiopulmonary exercise function did not decrease within the short-term after the radiation of patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Carbon Dioxide ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Drug Therapy ; Exercise Test ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Oxygen ; Prospective Studies ; Radiotherapy ; Respiratory Function Tests

No abstract available.
Fractures, Open*

Nineteen patients (twenty knees) with degenerative arthritis of knee treated by arthroscopic curettage were reviewed. Of the nineteen patients, there were eighteen females and one male ranging in age from 49 to 68 years (mean, 57 years). The mean follow up period was 18.2 months (range, 12 months to 21 months). Simple standing roentgenorgram and 99m-Tc bone scintigraphy were used to select the patients with medial compartment involvement only, less than 5 degree of varus deformity and sparing of patello-femoral joint. Knee scoring by Hospital for Special Surgery Formula showed improvement from the preoperative average 68 points to postoperative average 89.6 points (21.6 points increase) and 84.1 points (16.1 points increase) at 6 months and one year respectively. Arthroscopic curettage of knee, if done early in degenerative arthritis, not only can shorten hospital days and immobilization period but also can defer other major surgical treatments by promoting natural healing process and symptomatic relief.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Curettage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Knee ; Male ; Osteoarthritis ; Radionuclide Imaging

It has been established that total hip replacement arthoplasty is one of the most excellent treatment modalities of adult hip joint disease. But aseptic loosening of the acetabular component is a main cause of revision and acetabular defects must be supported to engage the acetabular cup. Many authors have been managed this problem with the various methods of using acetabular ring, bone cement, autogenous or allogeoous bone graft and bipolar endoprosthesis. As the time goes on, it is inevitable that the numbers of revision arthroplasty cases will increase. We observed 36 patients, 39 cases of revision arthroplasty from 1981 and analysed the cases. 27 cases were treated by autogenous lilac block bone to support the acetabular defects. Complete or incomplete iliac block bone was grafted to superior, medial and posterior aspect of acetabulum. Some screws were inserted when they are needed for bone graft fixation. Hip spica casts were applied in 24 cases for 2 or 3 months and crutches were used for about 3 months. Pre-and postoperative hip joint functions by Harris score was increased form average 58.2 to 81.3(23.1 points increment). Sixteen cases were followed up for more than one year and all the bone grafts were united well without bone resorption. We found that autogenous iliac block bone can support the acetabular defects satisfactorily in revision arthroplasty cases.
Acetabulum ; Adult ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Bone Resorption ; Crutches ; Hip ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Transplants

Six hundred and fifty one cases of bone tumors diagnosed and operated at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, from Jan., 1969 to Apr., 1989. were reviewed and analyzed with respect to the types of tumor, the age and sex distribution of the patients, the location of the lesions and the advances of diagnosis and treatment. 378 benign and 273 malignant bone tumors were identified. Osteochondroma(113 cases, 17.4%) was the most common bone tumor, followed by osteosarcoma(72 cases, 11.1%) and giant cell tumor(50 cases, 7.7%) Second decade was the most common age of bone tumors(216 cases, 33.2%) and male(379 cases, 58%) was more common than female. Femur(222 cases) was the most common site of bone tumors, followed by tibia and vertebra. For simple bone cyst, steroid injection was widely used recently. It was a simple and safe procedure and its results were similar to those of curettage and bone graft. Limb salvage operations were performed for malignant bone tumors increasingly. Neoadjuvant chemotyeraphy and limb salvsge operation using tumor prosthesis were performed in 5 patients of osteosarcoma and their results are so far promising. Of 7 cases of chondrosarcoma, the limb was salvaged by resection arthrodesis or resection arthroplasty. 7 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma were treated by radical ablative surgery and/or chemotherapy and radiation, but local recurrence or pulmonary metastasis were detected in all of them. So it was thought to be highly malignant bone tumors.
Arthrodesis ; Arthroplasty ; Bone Cysts ; Chondrosarcoma ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Extremities ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; Humans ; Limb Salvage ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Orthopedics ; Osteosarcoma ; Prostheses and Implants ; Recurrence ; Seoul ; Sex Distribution ; Spine ; Tibia ; Transplants

To maintain an adequate airway in a patient with tracheobronchial narrowing coming from various causes, prosthetic tracheobronchial stents provide palliative treatment for narrowed airways where surgical resection is inadvisable. After insertion, precious reported complications were granuloma formation, dysphagia, suction catheter entrapment and fatal massive hemoptysis. We report a case of complication associated with expandible metallic scent with endobronchial stenosis due to tuberculosis.
Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Deglutition Disorders ; Granuloma ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Palliative Care ; Stents* ; Suction ; Tuberculosis

No abstract available.
Endometrial Stromal Tumors* ; Lung* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Uterus*

To understand the expression of hoth TGF-beta l and II ligands and the receptors, artificial fracture was made on rat femur. Fracture callus and epiphyseul plate were stained immunohistochemically on 3rd. 7th, 14th, 21st, 42nd and 56th day after trauma. Polyclonal antibody was used to stain TGF-beta I and II ligands and receptors. At epiphyseal plate, both ligand and receptor were expressed from each cell in proliferating and maturing zone. But there was no difference between type I and II except expression time. TGF-beta II ligand and receptor were expressed earlier: they were expressed mostly by the cells at the zone of proliferating cartilage but TGF-beta1 ligand and receptor were expressed mostly hy the cells at zone of maturing cartilage. At fracture site, TGF-beta expression was observed from 3rd day after trauma and it reached its maximum intensity at 2 weeks. It decreased thereafter and disappeared at 6 weeks after trauma. In enchondral ossification area, TGF-beta expressing cells were scattered throughout the enchondral mass. In intramembranous ossification area, the ligands and receptors were expressed from the osteohlasts just heneath the periosteum. ln summary, TGF-beta ligands and receptors were expressed at epiphyseal plate and fracture callus. There was no difference between TGF-beta 1 and 2 expres.ion except the appearance time at epiphyseal plate. We could not draw any conclusion about ligand and rcceptor mechanism with this immunohistochemical staining.
Animals ; Bony Callus* ; Cartilage ; Femur ; Growth Plate* ; Ligands* ; Periosteum ; Rats ; Receptors, Artificial ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

No abstract available.