PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of juxtarenal aortic occlusion (JRAO), a review of 15 patients who underwent aortic bypass replacement following aortorenal thrombectomy, especially focusing on the safety of suprarenal aortic clamping or transient aortic compression, was undertaken. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the period of June 2001 to November 2012, 15 patients with JRAO (chronic 10, acute 5) were analyzed retrospectively. JRAO with combined stenosis of the renal artery was found in 2 patients, renal artery thrombus in 8 patients, and normal in 5 patients. RESULTS: All patients were males. Mean age was 61.7+/-11.2 years. There were 14 aortobifemoral bypass grafting and 1 aortobiiliac bypass grafting. Six Dacron and 9 PTFE artificial Y-grafts were implanted to the aorta with end-to-end anastomosis in the proximal aorta. Suprarenal aortic clamping was performed in 7 patients, supraceliac clamping in 2 patients, and transient aortic compression in 6 patients. There were 13 cases with aortic clamping time <10 minutes and 2 cases with >10 minutes. Thrombectomy of the aorta and renal artery was performed in 10 (66.7%) patients. There were no operative mortality cases. The perioperative morbidity rate was 26.7% (4/15). Preoperative renal function was impaired in four patients. The renal functions of these cases were recovered postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Aortic bypass replacement following aortorenal thrombectomy with suprarenal aortic clamping or transient aortic compression for JRAO is the optimal treatment. It is important to focus on short renal ischemic time during suprarenal aortic clamping for prevention of renal damage. It provides unmatched perioperative and long-term results.
Aorta ; Constriction ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality ; Polyethylene Terephthalates ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Renal Artery ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombectomy ; Thrombosis ; Transplants

Idiopathic small bowel ulceration occurring beyond the duodenum is rare, and less than 5% of all the reported cases have occurred in children. In most of the cases, single ulcer of unknown cause is observed in jejunum or ileum. The diagnosis is difficult and usually made at the time of surgical exploration for the complications, such as perforation, hemorrhage or obstruction. We experienced a case of perforation of idiopathic ileal ulceration due to blunt abdominal trauma in a 11-year-old boy. The ileal segment including the lesion was resected and the pathologic findings were compatible with idiopathic small bowel ulceration. The clinical and pathological aspects are discussed, and the literatures were reviewed.
Child* ; Diagnosis ; Duodenum ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Ileum ; Jejunum ; Male ; Ulcer*

Prenatally diagnosed neuroblastomas have been reported in increasing numbers over the past several years. The vast majority are in favorable stages of the disease (stage I, II, IV-S). The authors experienced one case of stage IV-S neuroblastoma of the adrenal gland with liver metastasis, which regressed spontaneously after removal by adrenalectomy. This patient was noticed to have an abdominal mass at prenatal ultrasonography performed at 36weeks of gestation. This tumor was a neuroblastoma of the left adrenal gland with multiple liver metastases. Left adrenalectomy and liver biopsy were performed at 3 months of age. Thirty-eight months after surgery, an MRI demonstrated that the hepatic metastatic lesions had completely regressed without chemotherapy or radiation.
Adrenal Glands ; Adrenalectomy* ; Biopsy ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Liver* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Neuroblastoma* ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Eczema herpeticum occurred in a patient with pemphigus foliaceus and esophageal cancer. The patient's initial skin lesions composed of large flaccid bullaes showed subcorneal bullae with typical acantholytic cells. Subsequent grouped small vesicles appeared widely on the erythematous base were diagnosed herpes simplex virus infection by Tzanck smear and histopathological findings. The patient died one week after the development of the widespread herpes virus infection.
Eczema* ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption* ; Pemphigus* ; Simplexvirus ; Skin

PURPOSE: Preservation of adequate vascular access is of vital importance for patients undergoing chronic dialysis in renal failure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the successful access rate and risk factors of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in the arm for dialysis at a single center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients undergoing vascular access operation between January 2006 and December 2011 were retrospectively identified. RESULTS: A total of 362 vascular access operations were performed. There were 338 autologous AVFs (93.4%) and 24 prosthetic grafts (6.6%). Men comprised 58.3% of all subjects. Mean age was 59.5+/-14.7 years. There were 187 diabetes mellitus patients (51.7%). There was a mean duration of 70.3+/-21.1 days between access creation to first cannulation. Overall successful access rate for dialysis was 95.9%. Of 338 autologous AVFs, 326 patients had patent AVFs for dialysis (96.4% surgical success rate), while 21 of 24 prosthetic grafts were patent (87.5% surgical success rate). A total of 141 patients (38.9%) came to surgery with preoperative central venous catheters (CVC) of which 130 (35.9%) AVFs had a patent fistula in the arm. The only risk factor related to successful access rate of AVF was preoperative CVC placement (P=0.012). CONCLUSION: Successful vascular access rate was 95.9%. The only risk factor related to patent access of AVF was preoperative CVC placement. At least 6 months prior to expected dialysis, AVF surgery is recommended, which may overcome the challenge of co-morbid conditions from having a preoperative CVC.
Arm* ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Catheterization ; Central Venous Catheters ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dialysis* ; Fistula ; Humans ; Male ; Renal Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Transplants

Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-3350 is the most frequently used lavage solution for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy or elective surgery because its large molecular weight means that it is poorly absorbed. However, if it leaks into the peritoneal cavity, complications may arise. Few published studies have assessed the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of PEG. Moreover, no published clinical data regarding complications due to the intra-peritoneal leakage of PEG-3350 could be found. We report on an elderly patient who developed the poisoning caused by leaking of PEG-3350 during bowel preparation. It resulted in severe metabolic acidosis, hypernatremia, hyperosmolality and a high anion gap, but it was effectively treated with early continuous renal replacement therapy after surgery.
Absorption ; Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Acidosis ; Aged* ; Colonoscopy ; Humans ; Hypernatremia ; Metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Poisoning* ; Polyethylene Glycols* ; Renal Replacement Therapy ; Therapeutic Irrigation

Avascular necrosis of the carpal lunate (Kienbock's Disease) was first described by Peste in 1843. It's etiology is still unknown. Since Lippman, in 1949, there have been many operative treatments for this disease but they had many complications and technical difficulties. The treatment of Kienbock's disease by resection of the lunate and replacement with fascia lata through the dorsal approach is very simple in operation method and its results were satisfactory in follow up study for postop 12, 18 months. We report two cases of Kienbock's disease with brief review of literature.
Fascia Lata ; Fascia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Osteonecrosis

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the effectiveness of reinforced contact precautions and active surveillance cultures (ASCs) in reducing the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). METHODS: A before- and after-experimental study was performed at the intensive care unit (ICU) in a university-affiliated hospital. Reinforced contact precautions were applied to all patients, and ASCs for MRSA were performed for newly admitted patients at the time of admission and once a week thereafter. The HAIs were investigated in accordance with the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) definitions and compared before and after the interventions. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The number of HAIs caused by MRSA decreased from 2.2 to 0.5 per 100 patients discharged (P=0.02) and from 3.6 to 1.0 per 1,000 patient-days (P=0.032). The number of overall HAIs decreased from 7.6 to 4.0 per 100 patients discharged (P=0.011) and from 12.7 to 7.3 per 1,000 patient-days (P=0.034). The invasive device-associated infections caused by MRSA and other pathogens decreased, but the decrease was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Reinforced contact precautions and ASCs were effective in decreasing both MRSA infections and overall HAIs in the ICU. Further, it was assumed that the incidence of device-associated infections would have decreased if the intervention period was extended.
Cross Infection ; Humans ; Incidence ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Methicillin Resistance ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the status of infection control during influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted in November 2009 at the 100 hospitals designated by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) as influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009-treatment institutions. RESULTS: In 32.3% of the hospitals, the ventilation system of the influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 isolation ward was separated from the hospital's ventilation system. With regard to wearing personal protective equipment while caring for patients with H1N1 infection, during usual patient contact, masks were always worn by all medical staff at all the hospitals; however, medical staff at 38.7% and 51.6% of the hospitals did not wear gloves and gowns, respectively. During aerosol-generating procedures, some medical staff wore surgical masks, whereas medical staff at 10% and 23.3% of the hospitals did not wear gowns and protective goggles, respectively. In all, 64.5% of the hospitals responded that the contents of the guidelines established by the KCDC were insufficient for reference purposes in actual practice. CONCLUSION: Some of influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009-treatment institutions are believed to be inadequate in facilities, infection control during patient treatment, and administrative measures among their efforts to prevent transmission in hospital. In preparation against the outbreak of similar diseases in the future, the government needs to establish guidelines highly applicable by medical staff, to secure exclusive spaces and personnel for treating infectious disease patients, and to develop personal protective gear support and management systems.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Communicable Diseases ; Delivery of Health Care ; Eye Protective Devices ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Influenza, Human ; Korea ; Masks ; Medical Staff ; Pandemics ; Ventilation ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of the remnants after lens extraction on posterior capsular opacification with lens epithelial cell culture through in vitro capsular bag model. METHODS: After isolating porcine lens capsules, sterile non-toxic PMMA (polymethyl- mathacrylate) tension ring was inserted into the capsule. These were placed in organ culture medium up to 6 weeks. The grade of cell coverage of the posterior lens capsule was recorded to check the proliferative activity. RESULTS: In the process of cell culture, outgrowth of the epithelial cells was observed across the posterior capsule after a lag period. The rate of cell coverage was dependent upon the added factors. The proliferative activity was the greatest in the group where lens cortical and nuclear materials were added, and other groups showed no difference from a control group. CONCLUSIONS: To reduce posterior capsular opacification, it is important that we should not leave the lens cortical material behind during cataract surgery.
Capsules ; Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Epithelial Cells* ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Polymethyl Methacrylate