BACKGROUND: Adolescence is the starting period for health behaviors that will affect their lives throughout adulthood. Unhealthy behaviors in Korean adolescents have increased compared to previous generations. To promote health behaviors in this group, a comprehensive measurement of Korean adolescents' health behaviors is necessary. Most previous studies have used revised instruments, which were developed in other cultures, but not tools developed to measure health behaviors based on the perspectives of Korean adolescents. Identifying the perception of health behavior among Korean adolescents is important for the future of health promotion. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate Korean adolescents' perceptions of their health behaviors. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted to attain a condensed and broad description of the health behaviors that adolescents perceived as health-promoting behaviors or risk behaviors. From October to December 2008, 61 Korean middle and high school students were interviewed on their perceptions of health behaviors. Data were analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Korean adolescents reported health behaviors related to stress, mental health, sleep habits, dietary habits, weight control, physical activity, hygiene habits, safety, computer use, substance use, health screening and others. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide socio-cultural characteristics about the perception of health behaviors among Korean adolescents and should contribute to guiding assessment of health behaviors in Korean adolescents and provide a reference for developing valuable health-promoting interventions based on these characteristics.
Adolescent* ; Family Characteristics ; Food Habits ; Health Behavior* ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Mass Screening ; Mental Health ; Motor Activity ; Qualitative Research ; Risk-Taking

No abstract available.
Osteotomy* ; Zygoma*

No abstract available.
Cadherins* ; Carcinogenesis* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Rehabilitation* ; Rural Population* ; Stroke*

Legg-Perthes' disease, as avascularity of the femoral head that often arises in the child of a particular age group, is a serious disease of which the frequency is more than the osteochondroses of the other part, and the cause of Legg-Perthes disease is obscure up to now, but the pathogenesis and, pathology are more clearly understood. Twenty patients with Legg-Perthes disease were managed at the department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Hanyang University hospital from May, 1972 till September, 1977 and were studied according to the method of Catterals classification arid arthrogram. The following conclusion were made. 1. The age group with the highest frequency was that from 6 to 9 years (40%) and the ratio of male: female was 6: 1. 2. The stage of disease s progress when patient went to hospital was almost fragmentation stage as 17 persons of the whole. 3. By arthrogram Spherical form of femoral head was 15%; Round form 45%; Flatten form 40%. 4. The longer the period from onset to beginning of treament was the more femoral head flattened. 5. There was the most number of patient as 13 persons of the whole wearing abduction internal rotation brace. 6. From the view point of arthrogram the more spherical the femoral head was the better the prognosis was; otherwise the worse.
Arthrography ; Braces ; Child ; Classification ; Disease ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease ; Male ; Methods ; Osteochondrosis ; Pathology ; Prognosis

PURPOSE: To implement evidence-based nursing, it is important to know where and how to find the best available evidence. This study was conducted to identify the results of a search from Ovid MEDLINE and to compare the results from Ovid MEDLINE with those from PubMed MEDLINE. METHODS: Four different approaches via Ovid MEDLINE were used to search for guidelines on preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Outcomes of this study were the number of records and relevant literature, and the sensitivity and precision of the search methods via Ovid MEDLINE. RESULTS: The number of retrieved items ranged 23 to 6,005 and that of relevant studies, 5 to 8 of 8. Simple searches resulted in the highest sensitivity of 100.0%. When using MeSH terms and limits feature, the precision was highest (21.7%) among four approaches for literature searches. Simple searches in Ovid had higher sensitivity and lower precision than those in PubMed. CONCLUSION: Simple searches in Ovid may be inefficient for busy clinicians compared to PubMed. However, to ensure a comprehensive and systematic literature search, using Ovid MEDLINE in addition to PubMed is recommended.
Evidence-Based Nursing ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to evaluate whether a “smoking cessation intervention” education program based on blended learning, was effective in improving nursing students’ perceived competence and motivation to perform a smoking cessation intervention for smokers. METHODS: A quasi-experimental, pretest–posttest design was conducted. The smoking cessation intervention education program based on blended learning, was administered to the experimental group (n = 23) in 5 sessions, consisting of 2 courses of an e-learning program and 1 course of a face-to-face learning program per session. The control group (n = 21) received the opportunity to participate in an e-learning program as well as receiving material of a face-to-face learning program, after completion of the smoking cessation intervention education program. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significant differences in autonomous motivation (t = −6.982, p < 0.001), controlled motivation (t = −3.729, p = 0.001), and perceived competence compared to the control group (t = −3.801, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study showed that a smoking cessation intervention education program adopting blended learning, was significantly effective in enhancing nursing students’ autonomous motivation and perceived competence to conduct a smoking cessation intervention. Further studies are needed to confirm longitudinal effects of this program.
Education* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Learning* ; Mental Competency ; Motivation ; Nursing* ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking* ; Students, Nursing*

OBJECTIVES: Alcohol-induced oxidative stress has been known to injure various tissues or organs. This stress is related with free radicals which are produced as the result of long-term alcohol consumption. Malonyldialdehyde(MDA) is produced by the interaction of free radicals and cell membrane lipids, and indicates the degree of lipid peroxidation indirectly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between red blood cell(RBC) membrane lipid peroxidation by free radicals, and associated hepatic injuries and hematologic changes. METHODS: Thirty-three subjects diagnosed as alcohol dependence according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were evaluated within 72 hours after discontinuing alcohol drinking. Clinical characteristics were evaluated by CAGE questionnaire and Korean Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test(MAST). RBC membrane MDA level was measured as the marker of RBC membrane lipid peroxidation. Aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT) were used as the biochemical markers of liver damage due to alcohol ingestion. The alcohol-induced hematologic change was assessed by mean corpuscular volume(MCV). RESULTS: The results were as follows. Clinical characteristics were not different between two groups having normal and abnormal levels of AST, ALT, GGT or MCV. The levels of MDA were not correlated with the clinical characteristics and serum levels of AST, ALT and GGT. However, there was a significant correlation between the levels of MDA and the value of MCV(p=0.017). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that oxidative stress in alcohol dependence may not be reflected in liver enzyme markers such as AST, ALT and GGT, but may be reflected in MCV.
Alanine ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholism* ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Aspartic Acid ; Biological Markers ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Eating ; Erythrocyte Indices* ; Erythrocytes* ; Free Radicals ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation* ; Liver* ; Mass Screening ; Membrane Lipids ; Membranes* ; Michigan ; Oxidative Stress ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Aortic Coarctation*