No abstract available.
Immunization, Passive* ; Immunoglobulins*

No abstract available.
Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Dentures* ; Detergents*

Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is the most common cancer of the urinary tract and is characterized by frequent recurrence. Like the other malignant tumor, the genetic alterations leading to neoplastic transformation of the urothelium are related with the activation of oncogenes and loss of functional tumor suppressor genes. Cyclin D1 is a putative protooncogene as cell cycle regulator essential for G1 phase progression and is frequently overexpressed in several human tumor. In this study we performed immunohistochemical stainings of cyclin D1 and p53 in both primary and recurrent transitional cell carcinomas of urinary bladder from 56 patients including 20 cases of recurrent tumor, and compared their results with histopathologic features. The results were as follows. Cyclin D1 immunoreactivity was found in 10 of 10 cases (100%) of grade 1, 25 of 41 (61%) cases of grade 2, and 11 of 25 (44%) cases of grade 3 transitional cell carcinomas. p53 immunoreactivity was found in 40% of grade 1, 63% of grade 2, and 87% of grade 3 lesions. Cyclin D1 expression was significantly higher in Ta and T1 lesions than T2 to T4 by pathologic tumor stage. Conversely p53 immunoreactivity was increased in proportion to the T classification. Cyclin D1 was de creased in recurrent transitional cell carcinomas, compared with primary transitional cell carcinomas. However, there was no statistical significance. In conclusion, cyclin D1 immunoreactivity is associated with low histologic grade and low tumor stage. And there is inverse relationship between the cyclin D1 and p53 overexpression.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Cell Cycle ; Classification ; Cyclin D1* ; Cyclins* ; G1 Phase ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Oncogenes ; Recurrence ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urologic Neoplasms ; Urothelium

No abstract available.
Animals ; Gene Expression* ; Genes, Immediate-Early* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Apnea* ; Doxapram*

Congenital pseudarthrosis is frequently associated with various stigmata of neurofibromatosis, particularly Cafe-Au-Lait spots and,subcutaneous nodules and in these patients, it is noteworthy that the treatment is very difficult even with extensive operative approach. Also it is interesting to find many controversies on etiological relation between neurofibroma and pseudarthrosis, per se and even the existance of nerve element in and around the tissue of pseudarthrosis. A thirteen years old female patient with definite neurofibromatosis associated with congenital tibial pseudarthrosis treated by intramedullary nailing and massive bone graft is reported.
Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Christianity ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Humans ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses ; Pseudarthrosis ; Transplants

We retrospectively evaluated datas on 61 cases of neonatal sepsis confirmed by clinical symptoms and blood cultures at the NICU of Gil general hospital From Mar. 1989, to Fed. 1992. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The mean gestational age was 32.7+/-2.6 Weeks in preterm infants, and 39+/-1.5 weels on term infants. The mean birth weight was 1,701.4+/-422.4 g in preterm infants, and 3,232+/-581.7 g in term infants. 2) There were 61 infants with neonatal sepsis identified among 13, 486 live births, resulting in an incidence of 0.45%. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.2:1. The incidencdence was higher in preterm infants (2.21%) than in term infants (0.27%). 3) The most commom presenting symptoms of neonatal sepsis were apnea and bradycardia (53.6%) in preterm infants, jaundice (33.3%) in term infants 4) The concurrent diseases in neonatal sepsis were urinary tract infection (UT)(25%), pneumonia (21%), hyaline membrane disease (21%) in the order of frequency. Hyaline membrane disease (33.3%) was the most frequently associated disease in preterm infants, UTI (41.4%) in term infants 5) Gram positive organisms were isolated in 33 casess (52%), gram negative organisms in 30 cases (48%). The most common ortanism isolated from blood cultures was CONS (28.6%). The more common organisms in preterm infants were CONS (26.7%), Enterococcus (23.3%) and Klebsiella (10%). CONS (30.3%), E. Coli (27.3%) and Staphylococcus aureus (12%) were more frequent in term infants. 6) The significant diagnostic laboratory findings for neonatal sepsis were leukopenia ( < or =5000), I:T 0.16, thrombocytopenia ( <150,000/mm3), CRP> or =1+.2 or more of abnormal hematologic values were significantly more frequent in preterm infants (P< 0.05). 7) The risk factors associated with neonatal sepsis were endotracheal intubation (57%), birth ashyxia (Apgar score< or =6 at 5 min.)(39%) and umbilical catheterization (35.7%) in preterm infants, while endotrachial intubation (12.1%), birth ashyxia (12.1%) and premature rupture of membrane ( > or =24hrs)(9.0%) in term infants. 8) Early onset neonatal sepsis (72< or =hr of age) was found in 40 cases (65.6%). 9) The overall mortality rate of neonatal sepsis was 26.0%(39,3% in preterm infants, 15.2% in term infants). The mortality rate was significantly high in pseudomonas infection. 10) In low birth weight infants, the susceptibility to neonatal sepsis was greatest in the infants of lowest birth weight (1,00-1,500 gm) and the mortality rate was inversely proportional to birth weight. 11) Sensitivity to antibiotics in gram postitive organisms were chlorampjenicol (37%), Erythromycin (29%), ampicillin (26%) and cephalothin (26%). It clearly showed that newer antibiotics such as vancomycin is neccessary. In cases of gram negative organisms, sensitivity to antibiotics were amikacin (85%), gentamicin (65%), tobramycin (58%) and cephalothin (54%).
Amikacin ; Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Apnea ; Birth Weight ; Bradycardia ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cephalothin ; Enterococcus ; Erythromycin ; Female ; Gentamicins ; Gestational Age ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hyaline Membrane Disease ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Jaundice ; Klebsiella ; Leukopenia ; Live Birth ; Male ; Membranes ; Mortality ; Parturition ; Pneumonia ; Pseudomonas Infections ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Rupture ; Sepsis* ; Sex Ratio ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Thrombocytopenia ; Tobramycin ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vancomycin

Newborn premature babies have lwo levels of transplacentally acquired maternal immunoglobulin which is mostly transferred after 32~34 weeks gestaton, therefore they may have IgG deficiencies that increase their susceptibility to bacterial infection. We performed this study to determine whether intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy improves mortality or infection occurrance rate. From 1 october 1991 to 31 July 1992, 73premature newborn infants with gestational age< or =34weeks were enrolled: the theatment group, consisting of 43infants who received prophylactic intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (500mg/kg/week) and the control group, consisting of 30infants who did not receive. prophylactic intravenous administration of immunoglobulin to preterm infants with a gestational ageage< or =34week, at a dose of 500mg/kg/week, results in maintenance of a satisfactory serum IgG level throughout the high-risk period for infection. But the incidence rates of proven or very probable sepsis, mortality for sepsis and total mortality in the infants receiving intravenous immunoglobulin were not significant differences when compared with those in the control infants. No adverse effects were noted after immunoglobulin transfusions in our subjects. In conclusion, our study does not show any decrease in bacterial infection rate or in mortality rate, and no study in the literature has shown absolute proof of the prophylactic efficacy of IVIG in premature newborns. Larger studies are necessary to confirm these observations and to determine more effective dosing schedules and the optimal levels of orhanism-spectific antibodies. And specific hyperimmnue of monoclonal antibody preparations may be required to provide reliable sources of effective prophylactic to premature neonate with high risk in bacterial sepsis.
Administration, Intravenous ; Antibodies ; Appointments and Schedules ; Bacterial Infections ; Humans ; IgG Deficiency ; Immunization, Passive ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins* ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Mortality ; Sepsis*

We presented a case of wasp sting of 42 year old, farmer who got stung on the cornea directly. At the time of first examination, the patient had visual acuity of 0.02 in the right eye. Slit lamp examination revealed corneal epithelial desquamation and vesicle, striate keratitis, diffuse stromal edema and fine keratic precipitates on the corneal endothelium. The iris was depigmented and atrophic, and pupil was mydriatic and nonreactive. The lens was opaque at the center of anterior caspsule and fundus was not visualized. 4 months later, the corneal lesion was slightly improved. Clinical findings of iris and lens still unchanged.
Adult ; Bites and Stings* ; Cornea ; Edema ; Endothelium, Corneal ; Humans ; Iris ; Keratitis ; Pupil ; Visual Acuity ; Wasps*

No abstract available.