The pressure and resistance of the pulmonary artery are the most important factors when evaluating the congenital heart disease. They are easily measured by the cardiac catheterization, but this procedure is a invasive technique, and difficult to perform repeatedly. There were some reports to estimate the pulmory artery pressure by using non-invasive techniques, such as the echocardiography. The accuracy and the application of the estimate derived from this technique is still a matter of controversy. We estimate the right ventricular pressure by the real time two dimensional echocardiography. The way to measure accuracy for this technique is by of camparing the estimate the right ventricular pressure derived by the echocardiograpy against the right ventricular pressure measured by the cardiac catheterization. The diameter of the left ventricle in the plane of the papillary muscles in measured by short axis view from parasternal positions at the end-systolic phase. The diameter between the interventricular sulcus[B] and the longest vertical from to the interventricular septum[C] are measured. The relationship between the ration, C/B by the two-dimensional echocardiography and the RVP/LVP by the cardiac catheterization is relatively well correlated(r=-0.88). Thus we may conclude that measuring the right ventricular pressure by using the two-dimensional echocardiography is relatively accurate and should be used for evaluating the congenital heart disease.
Arteries ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Echocardiography* ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Heart Ventricles ; Papillary Muscles ; Pulmonary Artery ; Ventricular Pressure*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Child* ; Diagnosis* ; Echocardiography* ; Humans

PURPOSE: This paper investigates the correlation of the electroretinogram (ERG) with fluorescein angiography (FAG) and the color vision test among those who have acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). METHODS: The study was performed with 30 patients who had one CSCR-affected eye but the other unaffected. RESULTS: ERG showed that the b-wave amplitudes in the affected eyes decreased significantly compared to those in the unaffected eyes (P<0.05) and that there were no significant changes in a-wave or implicit time. FAG revealed that the b-wave amplitude decreased significantly when the leaking point was within a distance of 1/4 disk diameter from the fovea center, compared to when it was more distant (P<0.05). The amplitude also reduced significantly when the size of retinal detachment was more than 1 disk diameter compared to when it was less (P<0.05). The affected eyes which showed abnormality in color vision test decreased significantly a- and b-waves compared to the unaffected eyes in the test (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In acute CSCR patients, the correlation of ERG with FAG showing size of retinal detachment, the location of leaking point and the color vision test was statistically significant. Therefore, ERG could be used to assess the affecting degree of the disease.
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Color Vision* ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fluorescein* ; Humans ; Retinal Detachment

In the treatment of congenital heart in Korea, a big progress has made so far, and successful results have been achieved. However, there were few reports pertaining to the age and cause of death in congenital heart disease patients. Now, the author made observation on the mortality, the age and the mode of death in 3817 patients of congenital heart disease who had been admitted to Severance Hospital during the period of 15 years, from Jan 1972 to Dec 1986. The overall hospital mortality of the congenital heart disease was 6.1% ; 10.1% in the unoperated cases and 4.5% in the patients who underwent surgery. The hospital mortality of indivisual congenital heart disease was, in the order of increasing frequency, 1.0% for ventricular septal defect, and for the complicated heart disease, such as transposition of great vessels(12.5%), and total anomalous pulmonary venous return(15.8%) the death rate was higher in general. The mortality was highest under 1 year of age, especially during the neonatal period, i.e. under 1 month of age. The mode of death in the unoperated cases were congestive heart failure, infection, and hypoxia, in the order of frequency, comprising 84.5%, and in the patients who underwent surgery were congestive heart faliure or low cardiac output syndrome and htpoxia, 62.3%. Among the patients who died in the neonatal period, 76.9% died without accurate diagnosis, and 38.5% were under 5 days of age. Hypoxia(27%), congestive heart faliure(19.4%), and sepsis(11.6%) were the main mode of death. The analysis of the dead patients with congenital heart disease revealed the following results.The mortality was high in the complicated heart disease ; the major mode of death in surgical patients were congestive heart faliure or low cardiac output syndrome ; and the mortality was high in patients under one year of age, especially in the neonates, and most of then lacked accurate diagnosis.Therefore, more accurate properative diagnosis of complicated heart disease and better surgical techniques, development of diagnostic tools in neonatal period, and the need for early surgery and emergency medical management are uregently demanded.
Anoxia ; Cardiac Output, Low ; Cause of Death ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Mortality

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Heart Failure* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular*

No abstract available.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ; Plasmapheresis*

No abstract available.

During the period from January 1972 to July 1979. chemical analysis of renal stones were performed on 40 cases treated in the department of urology, Kyung Hee University Hospital. The chemical composition of the calculi analyzed is recorded in the following...
Calculi ; Urology