No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Child* ; Diagnosis* ; Echocardiography* ; Humans

The pressure and resistance of the pulmonary artery are the most important factors when evaluating the congenital heart disease. They are easily measured by the cardiac catheterization, but this procedure is a invasive technique, and difficult to perform repeatedly. There were some reports to estimate the pulmory artery pressure by using non-invasive techniques, such as the echocardiography. The accuracy and the application of the estimate derived from this technique is still a matter of controversy. We estimate the right ventricular pressure by the real time two dimensional echocardiography. The way to measure accuracy for this technique is by of camparing the estimate the right ventricular pressure derived by the echocardiograpy against the right ventricular pressure measured by the cardiac catheterization. The diameter of the left ventricle in the plane of the papillary muscles in measured by short axis view from parasternal positions at the end-systolic phase. The diameter between the interventricular sulcus[B] and the longest vertical from to the interventricular septum[C] are measured. The relationship between the ration, C/B by the two-dimensional echocardiography and the RVP/LVP by the cardiac catheterization is relatively well correlated(r=-0.88). Thus we may conclude that measuring the right ventricular pressure by using the two-dimensional echocardiography is relatively accurate and should be used for evaluating the congenital heart disease.
Arteries ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Echocardiography* ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Heart Ventricles ; Papillary Muscles ; Pulmonary Artery ; Ventricular Pressure*

PURPOSE: This paper investigates the correlation of the electroretinogram (ERG) with fluorescein angiography (FAG) and the color vision test among those who have acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). METHODS: The study was performed with 30 patients who had one CSCR-affected eye but the other unaffected. RESULTS: ERG showed that the b-wave amplitudes in the affected eyes decreased significantly compared to those in the unaffected eyes (P<0.05) and that there were no significant changes in a-wave or implicit time. FAG revealed that the b-wave amplitude decreased significantly when the leaking point was within a distance of 1/4 disk diameter from the fovea center, compared to when it was more distant (P<0.05). The amplitude also reduced significantly when the size of retinal detachment was more than 1 disk diameter compared to when it was less (P<0.05). The affected eyes which showed abnormality in color vision test decreased significantly a- and b-waves compared to the unaffected eyes in the test (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In acute CSCR patients, the correlation of ERG with FAG showing size of retinal detachment, the location of leaking point and the color vision test was statistically significant. Therefore, ERG could be used to assess the affecting degree of the disease.
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Color Vision* ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fluorescein* ; Humans ; Retinal Detachment

No abstract available.
Echocardiography* ; Heart Ventricles* ; Tendons*

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of two-dimensional echocardiogrphy(2-D echo) in ventricular septal defect, location and size of the defects, estimated right ventricular systolic pressure and associated cardiac anomaly were compared to the operative findings in 139 children operated for correction of ventricular septal defect at Severance Hospital from Jan. 1983 to June 1987. In addition, postoperative complications and mortality cases were anlysed. The following results were obtained; 1) Perimembranous defects were 82 cases(66.1%), subarterial infundibular defects 33 cases(26.6%), and muscular defect was found in only 1 case(0.8%). The accuracy of 2-D echo in localizing the defects was 84.2%. 2) In 79.2% of the patients, the defects were moderate to large in size, and actual size measured at operation was larger than that obtained by echocardography in general. 3) The estimated right ventricular systolic pressure was correlated(r=0.650) with that measured at the operating field. 4) Combined cardiac anomalies were patent ductus arteriosus(22 cases), atrial septal defect(3 cases), valvular pulmonic stenosis(2 cases) and interventricular septal aneurysm(2 cases). The sensitivity of 2-D echo in detecting these anomalies was 65.5% and the specificity was 96.4%. 5) Among 32 patients who had postoperative complications, in two thirds, there were pulmonary complication including lung atelectasis(16 cases), pleural effusion(5 cases)and pneumonia(5 cases). 6) Operative mortality was 2.9%(4 cases). The causes of death were low cardiac output state due to left ventricular myocardial failure in 3 patients and respiratory failure from asphyxia in one case. In conclusion, with close cooperation with cardiac surgeons, there will be few problems in diagnosing and operating patients with ventricular septal defect on the basis of two-dimensional echocardiographic findings without invasive procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, even with pulmonary hypertension, unless Eisenmenger syndrome is complicated.
Asphyxia ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Cardiac Output, Low ; Catheterization* ; Catheters* ; Cause of Death ; Child* ; Echocardiography* ; Eisenmenger Complex ; Heart Failure ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Lung ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Authors reviewed 110 cases of retrograde pyelography which performed in the Dept. of Urology, Kyung Hee University Hospital during the period from January 1977 to December 1980. And the results were as follows. 1. Indication was 34 cases (31%) of nonvisualizing kidney, 31 cases (28%) of obstructive lesion, 21 cases (19%), of inadequate filling in pelviocalyceal system, 7 cases (6.5%) of impaired renal function. 6 cases (5.5%) of upper tract abnormality, l cases (0.9%) of allergy to contrast media and other 10 cases. 2. On the nonvisualizing kidney, hydronephrosis (23.5%) was most common and normal (20.5%), ureter stone (20.5%) in order. 3. For assessment of obstructive lesion, UPJ stricture (39%) was most common and ureter stone (32%), normal (16%), ureter tumor, UVJ stricture in order. 4. Inadequate filling on excretory urogram revealed normal (24%), renal tumor (19%), renal tuberculosis (9.5%) and chronic pyelonephritis scar (9.5%) etc. 5. The patients who had poor renal function or poor general condition and upper tract abnormality were well defined with retrograde pyelography and available for diagnosis and treatment. 6. Complication were seen in 2 cases (1.8%). One was acute pyelonephritis and the other was pyonephrosis.
Cicatrix ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Hypersensitivity ; Kidney ; Pyelonephritis ; Pyonephrosis ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ureter ; Urography* ; Urology

No abstract available.
Aortography* ; Echocardiography* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Radial Artery*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Heart Failure* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ; Plasmapheresis*