No abstract available.
H-Reflex*

Apoptosis is an intrinsic and fundamental biological process that plays a critical role in the normal development of multicellular organisms and in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Some of the well known regulators of apoptosis are cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor(TNF) ligand family, such as Fas ligand(Fas L) and TNF, which induce apoptosis by activation of their corresponding receptors, Fas and TNFR-1. Recently, a new member of the TNF family known as TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) was identified and shown to induce p53-independent apoptosis in a variety of tumor cell lines but not in normal cells, Four human receptors for TRAIL were also recently identified and designated TRAIL-R1, -R2, -R3, and -R4. The aim of this study is to examine whether TRAIL and TRAIL receptots(-R1, -R2, -R3) are expressed in uterine cervical cancer and whether it is correlated with apoptosis, TRAIL and TRAIL receptors. The subjects were 20 patients who were diagnosed with cervical cancer. Western blotting was performed in 9 cases, immunohistochemical staining for TRAIL and TRAIL receptors(-R1, -R2, -R3) and TUNEL method for detection of apoptosis in 11 cases. There were proteins for TRAIL, TRAIL-R1, -R2, and -R3 in tissues from cervical cancer. All TRAIL receptors were expressed in both normal cervical epithelium and tumor cells, and TRAIL-Rl and -R2 were more strongly expressed in tumor cells than normal epithelium(p<0.05). Apoptosis correlated with expression of TRAIL-Rl and -R2(p<0.05). This study suggests that TRAIL induces apoptosis in cervical cancer through its receptors.
Antigens, CD95 ; Apoptosis ; Biological Processes ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytokines ; Epithelium ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Necrosis ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine actor and partner effect of dementia knowledge, self-efficacy and depression on dementia preventive behavior in elderly couples. METHODS: Participants were 115 couples aged 60 years or over who met eligibility criteria. All measures were self-administered. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 program. RESULTS: Dementia knowledge in elderly couples showed actor and partner effect on dementia preventive behavior. Self-efficacy in the wife did not have direct effects on dementia preventive behavior, but showed indirect effects through dementia knowledge. Self-efficacy in the husband showed direct effects on dementia preventive behavior and indirect effects through dementia knowledge. Wife's depression had direct actor effect on dementia preventive behavior and indirect effect through self-efficacy and dementia knowledge. Husband's depression did not have direct actor effect on dementia preventive behavior, but indirect effect through self-efficacy and dementia knowledge. Effect size of wives' dementia knowledge, self-efficacy and depression on dementia preventive behavior was larger than that of husbands'. Dementia preventive behavior, dementia knowledge and depression had a mutual effect. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that to promote dementia preventive activity in elderly couples, programs should be conducted for both of the couple, but focused differently for wife and husband.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Dementia/*prevention & control ; *Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Knowledge ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Questionnaires ; *Self Efficacy ; Spouses/*psychology

No abstract available.
Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Thyroid Dysgenesis*

We investigated the occurrence of color vision loss in 70 organic solvent mixtures exposed workers and in 47 controls. Color Vision was assessed with a color arrangement test designed to identify the defective color sense, the Han Double 15-Hue Test. The results of the test were no significant difference between exposed workers and controls in the proportion of subjects who committed one or two errors. Quantitative analysis, using color confusion index(CCI), showed no signifiant difference between exposed workers and controls. A significant linear correlation was present between age and CCI in both exposed workers(CCi=0.0056age + 0.94; r=0.23; p<0.05) and controls(CCI=0.0066age + 0.86; r=0.33; p<0.05). Qualitative analysis of the patterns on the hue circle showed that the prevalence of acquired dyschromatopsia was 21% in both and no significant difference. Multiple regression analyses showed that age was significantly related to color vision loss. These results did not provide evidence of a relationship between organic solvents exposure and incidence of color vision loss. In field studies for monitor the people at risk of the acquired color vision loss involving low-dose organic solvents exposed workers, both quantitative and qualitative information should be considered.
Color Vision ; Incidence ; Prevalence ; Solvents

In order to investigate the dietary intakes and physical characteristics in college women smokers, interviews using questionnaires were done on 33 smokers and 42 nonsmokers residing in seoul area. General living habits, dietary habits, food consumption frequency and nutrient intake by quick estimation were investigated through direct interviews with subjects. Subjects height, weight and blood pressure were measured, and body fat percentage were statistically analyzed using Bio-electrical Impedence Fatness Analyzer(GIF-891). All data were statistically analyzed by SAS PC package program ; percentage or mean and standard error were examined for each item, and the significant difference was evaluated by chi-square test or Student's t-test at alpha=0.05. In the analysis of taste and food preference, smokers consumed larger amount of alcohol and coffee than nonsmokers ; they also disliked sweet taste. The results of food consumption frequency data also showed that smokers consumed less fish, milk and fruits but consumed more instant foods than nonsmokers. As a result of anthropometric measurements, height, age, and body fat percentage showed no difference, but there was a significant difference in weight, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Energy intake in nonsmokers was 1640 kcal/day(CHO : Pro : Fat=66.0 : 14.7 : 19.3), in smokers. Intakes of calcium, iron, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and niacin in smokers were not significantly different from those of nonsmokers.
Adipose Tissue ; Ascorbic Acid ; Blood Pressure ; Calcium ; Coffee ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Food Habits ; Food Preferences ; Fruit ; Humans ; Iron ; Milk ; Niacin ; Nutritional Status* ; Riboflavin ; Seoul ; Thiamine ; Vitamin A ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Chlamydia trachomatis* ; Chlamydia* ; Female

BACKGROUND: Tourniquet pain is probably mediated by C-fiber. The ability of fentanyl to interrupt this nociceptive conduction was studied by administering either fentanyl or saline intrathecally along with hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia. METHOD: The incidence of tourniquet pain was evaluated in 60 patients having orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities during spinal anesthesia by administering either 30 mcg fentanyl (group 2) or saline (group 1) along with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg. We measured the maximal sensory spread of analgesia to pinprick, the incidence of tourniquet pain, and the sensory anesthesia to pinprick at the onset of tourniquet pain. RESULTS: The average maximal sensory spread of analgesia was the same in both groups (T9). The incidence of tourniquet pain was significantly greater in group 1 (33%) than in group 2 (10%). The sensory levels of anesthesia at the onset of tourniquet pain were not different in two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal fentanyl was effective against tourniquet pain for 2 hours of the orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Bupivacaine* ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Orthopedics ; Tourniquets*

We made a clinical study on 10 cases of histiocytosis syndrome who had been admitted to the pediatric department of Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital from Jan. 1982 to Dec. 1991. The results were obtained as follows 1) The sex incidence revealed male predominance with the ratio 4:1. 2) Among 10 cases, 4 cases were classified as eosinophilic granuloma, 1 case as Letterer-Siwe disease, 1 case as linfection associated hemophagocytic syndrome and 4 cases as malignant histiocytosis. 3) The mean age of symptom onset was 4 and 7/12 years in all disease group. 4) The common clinical symptoms and signs at dignosis were dyspnea, mass, pain on lower extremities and fever. 5) The most common organ involved among 9 organ systems was liver-spleen and the number of organ systems involved were 1 in 3 2 ases(30%), 3 in 2 cases(20%), 8 in 2 cases (20%) and 6, 7 and 10 organs in each 1 case. 6) The abnormal hematologic findings (Hb; 10g/dl and/or WBC; 4,000/mm3 and/or PLT; 100,000/mm3) were found in 6 cases. 7) Low serum albumin was found in 2 cases. Results of blood culture were Pseudomonas aeruginosae and Salmonella typhi in each 1 case. 8) The common findings on tissue biopsy were histiocytic proliferation and infiltration. 9) 4 patients of MH who recieved chemotherapy, a combination of adriamycin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisone were given in a total of four courses every 2 weeks ad induction therapy. When complete response was attained, a combination of adriamycin, vincristine, prednisone (AOP) and cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone(COP) was administered alternately every 4 weeks as maintenance therapy for 6-64 months. 10) Among 4 patiens of MH who recieved chemotherapy, 1 patient was lost during induction chemotherapy, for 1 day.2 patients expired during induction chemotherapy, for 1 month, 1 patient expired during maintenance chemotherapty, for 8months, Eosinophilic granuloma cases (3) were recieved currettage and no recurrence. IAHS case due to typhoid fever was improved spontaneously.
Biopsy ; Cyclophosphamide ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Eosinophilic Granuloma ; Fever ; Histiocytic Sarcoma ; Histiocytosis* ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Incidence ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Lower Extremity ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; Male ; Prednisone ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Recurrence ; Salmonella typhi ; Serum Albumin ; Typhoid Fever ; Vincristine

No abstract available.